Yield of further diagnostic work-up of cryptogenic subarachnoid hemorrhage based on bleeding patterns on computed tomographic scans

Neurosurgery

Volumn 62, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 1040-1046

  Andaluz, Norberto ^a   Zuccarello, Mario ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Bleeding source; Cryptogenic; Diagnostic imaging; Digital subtraction angiography; Nonperimesencephalic; Perimesencephalic; Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN REGION; BRAIN VASOSPASM; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIGITAL SUBTRACTION ANGIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYDROCEPHALUS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; ADOLESCENT; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOLOGY; PROGNOSIS; RADIOGRAPHY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ANGIOGRAPHY, DIGITAL SUBTRACTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROGNOSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

EID: 49049102598     PISSN: 0148396X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000325865.22011.1f     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Alén JF, Lagares A, Lobato RD, Gómez PA, Rivas JJ, Ramos A: Comparison between perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by posterior circulation aneurysms. J Neurosurg 98:529-535, 2003.
2. Ausman JI: Perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: What is it? What are we missing? Surg Neurol 57:211, 2002.
3. Bradac GB, Bergui M, Ferrio MF, Fontanella M, Stura G: False-negative angiograms in subarachnoid haemorrhage due to intracranial aneurysms. Neuroradiology 39:772-776, 1997.
4. Brilstra EH, Hop JW, Rinkel GJ: Quality of life after perimesencephalic haemorrhage. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 63:382-384, 1997.
5. Canhão P, Falcão F, Pinho e Melo T, Ferro H, Ferro J: Vascular risk factors for perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurol 246:492-496, 1999.
6. Franz G, Brenneis C, Kampfl A, Pfausler B, Poewe W, Schmutzhard E: Prognostic value of intraventricular blood in perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Comput Assist Tomogr 25:742-746, 2001.
7. Hashimoto H, Iida J, Hironaka Y, Okada M, Sakaki T: Use of spiral computerized tomography angiography in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage in whom subtraction angiography did not reveal cerebral aneurysms. J Neurosurg 92:278-283, 2000.
8. Hino A, Fujimoto M, Iwamoto Y, Yamaki T, Katsumori T: False localization of rupture site in patients with multiple cerebral aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 46:825-830, 2000.
9. Hop JW, Brilstra EH, Rinkel GJ: Transient amnesia after perimesencephalic haemorrhage: The role of enlarged temporal horns. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 65:590-593, 1998.
10. Ildan F, Tuna M, Erman T, Göcer AI, Cetinalp E: Prognosis and prognostic factors in nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic hemorrhage: A follow-up study in 29 patients. Surg Neurol 57:160-166, 2002.
11. Ildan F, Tuna M, Erman T, Göcer I, Cetinalp E, Burgut R: Prognosis and prognostic factors for unexplained subarachnoid hemorrhage: Review of 84 cases. Neurosurgery 50:1015-1025, 2002.
12. Inamasu J, Nakamura Y, Saito R, Horiguchi T, Kuroshima Y, Mayanagi K, Orii M, Ichikizaki K: "Occult" ruptured cerebral aneurysms revealed by repeat angiography: Result from a large retrospective study. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 106:33-37, 2003.
13. Kallmes DF, Clark H P, Dix JE, Cloft HJ, Evans AJ, Dion JE, Kassell NF: Ruptured vertebrobasilar aneurysms: Frequency of the nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic pattern of hemorrhage on CT scans. Radiology 201:657-660, 1996.
14. Kleinpeter G, Lehr S: Characterization of risk factor differences in perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Minim Invasive Neurosurg 46:142-148, 2003.
15. Küker W, Thiex R, Block F: Hyperacute perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage: Demonstration of blood extravasation with MRI. J Comput Assist Tomogr 23:521-523, 1999.
16. Lanzino G, Kaptain G, Kallmes DF, Dix JE, Kassell NF: Intracranial dissecting aneurysm causing subarachnoid hemorrhage: The role of computerized tomographic angiography and magnetic resonance angiography. Surg Neurol 48:477-481, 1997.
17. Madureira S, Canhão P, Guerreiro M, Ferro JM: Cognitive and emotional consequences of perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurol 247:862-867, 2000.
18. Marquardt G, Niebauer T, Schick U, Lorenz R: Long term follow up after perimesencephalic subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69:127-130, 2000.
19. Matsumaru Y, Yanaka K, Muroi A, Sato H, Kamezaki T, Nose T: Significance of a small bulge on the basilar artery in patients with perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg 98:426-429, 2003.
20. Pinto AN, Ferro JM, Canhão P, Campos J: How often is a perimesencephalic subarachnoid haemorrhage CT pattern caused by ruptured aneurysms? Acta Neurochir (Wien) 124:79-81, 1993.
21. Rinkel GJ, Wijdicks EF, Vermeulen M, Hageman LM, Tans JT, van Gijn J: Outcome in perimesencephalic (nonaneurysmal) subarachnoid hemorrhage: A follow-up study of 37 patients. Neurology 40:1130-1132, 1990.
22. Rinkel GJ, Wijdicks EF, Vermeulen M, Ramos LM, Tanghe HL, Hasan D, Meiners LC, van Gijn J: Nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage: CT and MR patterns that differ from aneurismal rupture. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 12:829-834, 1991.
23. Rinkel GJ, Wijdicks EF, Hasan D, Kienstra G, Franke CL, Hageman L, Vermeulen M, van Gijn J: Outcome in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage and negative angiography according to pattern of haemorrhage on computed tomography. Lancet 338:964-968, 1991.
24. Ruigrok YM, Rinkel GJ, van Gijn J: CT patterns and long-term outcome in patients with an aneurysmal type of subarachnoid hemorrhage and repeatedly negative angiograms. Cerebrovasc Dis 14:221-227, 2002.
25. Ruigrok YM, Rinkel GJ, Buskens E, Velthuis BK, van Gijn J: Perimesen-cephalic hemorrhage and CT angiography. A decision analysis. Stroke 31: 2976-2983, 2000.
26. Schievink WI, Wijdicks EF, Spetzler RF: Diffuse vasospasm after pretruncal nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. AJR Am J Neuroradiol 21:521- 523, 2000.
27. Schievink WI, Wijdicks EF: Origin of pretruncal nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Ruptured vein, perforating artery, or intramural hematoma? Mayo Clin Proc 75:1169-1173, 2000.
28. Schwartz TH, Farkas J: Quadrigeminal non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage-a true variant of perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Case report. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 105:95-98, 2003.
29. Schwartz TH, Mayer SA: Quadrigeminal variant of perimesencephalic nona-neurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 46:584-588, 2000.
30. Schwartz TH, Solomon RA: Perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Review of the literature. Neurosurgery 39:433-440, 1996.
31. Sheehan JM, Cloft H, Kassell NF: Symptomatic delayed arterial spasm following non-aneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage: A case report and review of the literature. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 142:709-712, 2000.
32. Tatter SB, Crowell RM, Ogilvy CS: Aneurysmal and microaneurysmal "angiogram-negative" subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clinical study. Neurosurgery 37:48-55, 1995.
33. Topcuoglu MA, Ogilvy CS, Carter BS, Buonanno FS, Koroshetz WJ, Singhal AB: Subarachnoid hemorrhage without evident cause on initial angiography studies: Diagnostic yield of subsequent angiography and other neuroimaging tests. J Neurosurg 98:1235-1240, 2003.
34. Urbach H, Zentner J, Solymosi L: The need for repeat angiography in sub-arachnoid haemorrhage. Neuroradiology 40:6-10, 1998.
35. van Gijn J, Rinkel GJ: Subarachnoid haemorrhage: Diagnosis, causes and management. Brain 124:249-278, 2001.
36. van Gijn J, van Dongen KJ, Vermeulen M, Hijdra A: Perimesencephalic hemorrhage: A nonaneurysmal and benign form of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurology 35:493-497, 1985.
37. Velthuis BK, Rinkel GJ, Ramos LM, Witkamp TD, van Leeuwen MS: Perimesencephalic hemorrhage. Exclusion of vertebrobasilar aneurysms with CT angiography. Stroke 30:1103-1109, 1999.
38. van der Schaaf IC, Velthuis BK, Gouw A, Rinkel GJ: Venous drainage in perimesencephalic hemorrhage. Stroke 35:1614-1618, 2004.
39. Watanabe A, Hirano K, Kamada M, Imamura K, Ishii N, Sekihara Y, Suzuki Y, Ishii R: Perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage and variations in the veins. Neuroradiology 44:319-325, 2002.
40. Wijdicks EF, Schievink WI, Miller GM: MR imaging in pretruncal nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Is it worthwhile? Stroke 29:2514-2516, 1998.