Relation between flow, surface-layer armoring and sediment transport in gravel-bed rivers

Earth Surface Processes and Landforms

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2008, Pages 1192-1209

  Pitlick, John ^a   Mueller, Erich R ^a   Segura, Catalina ^a   Cress, Robert ^b   Torizzo, Margaret ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

^b Electrical Systems Consultants Inc   (United States)

^c Watershed Consulting Associates   (United States)

Author keywords

Armoring; Bedload; Substrate

Indexed keywords

GRAIN SIZE AND SHAPE; GRAVEL; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SEDIMENTOLOGY; STREAM FLOW; SUBSTRATES;

ARMORING; BANKFULL; BED SURFACE; BEDLOAD; CHANNEL GEOMETRIES; CHANNEL SLOPES; GRAIN SIZES; GRAVEL-BED RIVERS; SEDIMENT GRAIN SIZES; STUDY SITES; SUBSTRATE;

SEDIMENTATION;

BEDLOAD; BOTTOM STRESS; DATA SET; GRAIN SIZE; GRAVEL BED STREAM; HEADWATER; RIVER BANK; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; SHEAR STRESS; SUBSTRATE; TREND ANALYSIS;

COLORADO; NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES; UTAH;

EID: 48549103488     PISSN: 01979337     EISSN: 10969837     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/esp.1607     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Andrews ED. 1984. Bed-material entrainment and hydraulic geometry of gravel-bed rivers in Colorado. Geological Society of America Bulletin 95: 371-378.
2. Andrews ED. 1994. Marginal bed load transport in a gravel bed stream, Sagehen Creek, California. Water Resources Research 30: 2241-2250.
3. Andrews ED, Erman DC. 1986. Persistence in the size distribution of surficial bed material during an extreme snowmelt flood. Water Resources Research 22: 191-197.
4. Brummer CJ, Montgomery DR. 2003. Downstream coarsening in headwater channels. Water Resources Research 39: 1294. DOI: 10.1029/ 2003WR001981
5. Church M, Ham D. 2004. Atlas of the Alluvial Gravel-Bed Reach of Fraser River in the Lower Mainland Showing Channel Changes in the Period 1912-1999. Department of Geography University of British Columbia. http://www.geog.ube.ca/fraserriver/publications.html [accessed 27 September 2007].
6. Church M, McLean DG, Wolcott JF. 1987. River bed gravels: sampling and analysis. In Sediment Transport in Gravel-Bed Rivers, Thorne CR, Bathurst JC, Hey RD (eds). Wiley: New York; 43-88.
7. Cinotto PJ. 2003. Development of Regional Curves of Bankfull-Channel Geometry and Discharge for Streams in the Non-Urban, Piedmont Physiographic Province, Pennsylvania and Maryland, US Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 03-4014.
8. Clayton JA, Pitlick J. 2007a. Spatial and temporal variations in bed load transport intensity in a gravel bed river bend. Water Resources Research 43, W02426. DOI: 10.1029/2006WR005253
9. Clayton JA, Pitlick J. 2007b. Persistence in the surface texture of a gravel-bed river during a large flood. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms in press. DOI: 10.1002/esp.1567
10. Dade WB, Friend PF. 1998. Grain-size, sediment-transport regime, and channel slope in alluvial rivers. Journal of Geology 106: 661-675.
11. Dietrich WE, Kirchner JW, Ikeda H. Iseya F. 1989. Sediment supply and the development of the coarse surface layer in gravel-bedded rivers. Nature 340: 215-217.
12. Emmett WW. 1975. The Channels and Waters of the Upper Salmon River Area, Idaho, US Geological Survey Professional Paper 870-A.
13. Emmett WW, Wolman MG. 2001. Effective discharge and gravel-bed rivers. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 26: 1369-1380.
14. Ferguson RI. 2003. Emergence of abrupt gravel to sand transitions along rivers through sorting processes. Geology 31: 159-162.
15. Ferguson RI, Church M, Weatherly H. 2001. Fluvial aggradation in Vedder River: testing a one-dimensional sedimentation model. Water Resources Research 37: 3331-3347.
16. Ferguson RI, Hoey T, Wathen S, Werritty A. 1996. Field evidence for rapid downstream fining of river gravels through selective transport. Geology 24: 179-182.
17. Ferguson RI, Paola C. 1997. Bias and precision of percentiles of bulk grain size distributions. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 22: 1061-1077.
18. Gasparini NM, Tucker GE, Bras RL. 1999. Downstream fining through selective particle sorting in an equilibrium drainage network. Geology 27: 1079-1082.
19. Gasparini NM, Tucker GE, Bras RL. 2004. Network-scale dynamics of grain-size sorting: implications for downstream fining, stream-profile concavity, and drainage basin morphology. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 29: 401-422.
20. Gomez B, Rosser BJ, Peacock DH, Hicks DM, Palmer JA. 2001. Downstream fining in a rapidly aggrading gravel bed river. Water Resources Research 37: 1813-1823.
21. Hassan MA, Egozi R, Parker G. 2006. Experiments on the effect of hydrograph characteristics on vertical grain sorting in gravel bed rivers. Water Resources Research 42: W09408. DOI: 10.1029/ 2005WR004707
22. Hoey TB, Ferguson RI. 1994. Numerical simulation of downstream fining by selective transport in gravel bed rivers: model development and illustration. Water Resources Research 30: 2251-2260.
23. Hoey TB, Ferguson RI. 1997. Controls of strength and rate of downstream fining above a river base level. Water Resources Research 33: 2601-2609.
24. Jones ML, Seitz HR. 1980. Sediment Transport in the Snake and Clearwater Rivers in the Vicinity of Lewiston, Idaho, USGS Open-File Report 80-690.
25. King JG, Emmett WW, Whiting PJ, Kenworthy RP, Barry JJ. 2004. Sediment Transport Data and Related Information for Selected Coarse-Bed Streams and Rivers in Idaho, General Technical Report RMRS-GTR 131, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Data from USFS Boise Adjudication Team website: www.fs.fed.us/rm/boise /research/ watershed/BAT [accessed 27 September 2007].
26. Kirchner JW, Finkel RC, Riebe CS, Granger DE, Clayton JL, King JG, Megahan WF. 2001. Mountain erosion over 10-year, 10,000-year, and 10,000,000-year timescales. Geology 29: 591-594.
27. Kuhnle RA, Willis JC. 1992. Mean size distribution of bed load on Goodwin Creek. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 118: 1443-1446.
28. Lisle TE. 1995. Particle size variations between bed load and bed material in natural gravel bed channels. Water Resources Research 31: 1107-1118.
29. Martin Y, Church M. 1995. Bed-material transport estimated from channel surveys: Vedder River, British Columbia. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 20: 347-361.
30. Milhous RT. 1973. Sediment Transport in a Gravel-Bottomed Stream, PhD Dissertation, Oregon State University.
31. Mueller ER, Pitlick J. 2005. Morphologically based model of bed load transport capacity in a headwater stream. Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface 110: F02016. DOI: 10.1029/2003JF000117
32. Mueller ER, Pitlick J, Nelson JM. 2005. Variation in the reference Shields stress for bed load transport in gravel-bed streams and rivers. Water Resources Research 41: W04006. DOI: 10.1029/ 2003JR0003692
33. Parker G. 1979. Hydraulic geometry of active gravel rivers. Journal of the Hydraulics Division ASCE 105: 1185-1201.
34. Parker G. 1990. Surface-based bedload transport relation for gravel rivers. Journal of Hydraulic Research 28: 417-436.
35. Parker G, Klingeman PC, McLean DB. 1982. Bedload size distribution in paved gravel-bed streams. Journal of the Hydraulics Division American Society of Civil Engineers 108(HY4): 544-571.
36. Parker G, Wilcock PR, Paola C, Dietrich WE, Pitlick J. 2007. Physical basis for quasi-universal relations describing bankfull hydraulic geometry of single-thread gravel-bed rivers. Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface in press. DOI: 10.1029/2006JF000549
37. Pitlick J, Cress R. 2002. Downstream changes in the channel geometry of a large gravel bed river. Water Resources Research 38: 1216. DOI: 10.1029/2001WR000898
38. Pitlick J, Van Steeter MM. 1998. Geomorphology and endangered fish habitats of the Upper Colorado River 2: Linking sediment transport to habitat maintenance. Water Resources Research 34: 303-316.
39. Pitlick J, Van Steeter M, Cress R, Barkett B, Franseen M. 1999. Geomorphology and Hydrology of the Colorado and Gunnison Rivers and Implications for Habitats Used by Endangered Fishes, final report. US Fish and Wildlife Service: Grand Junction Colorado. 55pp.
40. Powell DM, Reid I, Laronne JB. 2001. Evolution of bed load grain size distribution with increasing flow strength and the effect of flow duration on the caliber of bed load sediment yield in ephemeral gravel bed rivers. Water Resources Research 35: 1463-1474.
41. Ryan SE, Emmett WW. 2002. The Nature and Flow of Sediment Transport in Little Granite Creek near Bondurant, Wyoming, USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RMRS-GTR 90S.
42. Torizzo M, Pitlick J. 2004. Magnitude-frequency of bed load transport in mountain streams in Colorado. Journal of Hydrology 290: 137-151.
43. Wathen SJ, Ferguson RI, Hoey TB, Werritty A. 1995. Unequal mobility of gravel and sand in weakly bimodal river sediments. Water Resources Research 31: 2087-2996.
44. Whiting PJ, Stamm JF, Moog DB, Orndorff RL. 1999. Sediment transporting flows in headwater streams. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America III: 450-466.
45. Wilcock PR, Crowe JC. 2003. Surface-based transport model for mixed-size sediment. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 129: 120-128.