Effects on plasma noradrenaline may explain some of the improved insulin sensitivity seen by AT-1 receptor blockade

Blood Pressure

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 156-163

  Aksnes, Tonje Amb ^a   Flaa, Arnljot ^a   Sevre, Knut ^a   Mundal, Haavard Holth ^a   Rostrup, Morten ^a   Kjeldsen, Sverre Erik ^a,b  

^a ULLEVÅL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers; Autonomic nervous system; Calcium channel blockers; Catecholamine; Hypertension; Insulin resistance

Indexed keywords

AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CATECHOLAMINE DERIVATIVE; INSULIN; LOSARTAN; NORADRENALIN; VASODILATOR AGENT;

ADRENERGIC ACTIVITY; ADULT; AGED; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; CATECHOLAMINE BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; FEMALE; HEART RATE VARIABILITY; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; MALE; MONOTHERAPY; NORADRENALIN BLOOD LEVEL; OPEN STUDY; PRESSORECEPTOR REFLEX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIOENZYMATIC ASSAY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REST;

AGED; AMLODIPINE; ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HEART RATE; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LOSARTAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NOREPINEPHRINE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 48549083698     PISSN: 08037051     EISSN: 16511999     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08037050802162847     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Elliott, W. J. and Meyer, P. M. (2007) Incident diabetes in clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs: A network meta-analysis. 369, pp. 201-207.
2. Hansson, L., Lindholm, L. H., Ekbom, T., Dahlof, B., Lanke, J. Schersten, B. et al. (1999) Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension-2 study. 354, pp. 751-1756.
3. (2002) Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). 288, pp. 2981-2997.
4. Kjeldsen, S. E., Julius, S., Mancia, G., McInnes, G. T., Hua, T. Weber, M. A. et al. (2006) Effects of valsartan compared to amlodipine on preventing type 2 diabetes in high-risk hypertensive patients: The VALUE trial. 24, pp. 1405-1412.
5. Julius, S., Kjeldsen, S. E., Weber, M., Brunner, H. R., Ekman, S. Hansson, L. et al. (2004) Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: The VALUE randomised trial. 363, pp. 2022-2031.
6. Padwal, R. and Laupacis, A. (2004) Antihypertensive therapy and incidence of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. 27, pp. 247-255.
7. Aksnes, T. A., Reims, H. M., Guptha, S., Moan, A., Os, I. and Kjeldsen, S. E. (2006) Improved insulin sensitivity with the angiotensin II-receptor blocker losartan in patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors. 20, pp. 860-866.
8. Aksnes, T. A., Seljeflot, I., Torjesen, P. A., Hoieggen, A., Moan, A. and Kjeldsen, S. E. (2007) Improved insulin sensitivity by the angiotensin II-receptor blocker losartan is not explained by adipokines, inflammatory markers, or whole blood viscosity. 56, pp. 1470-1477.
9. Heart rate variability (1996) Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. 7, pp. 354-381.
10. La Rovere, M. T., Mortara, A. and Schwartz, P. J. (1995) Baroreflex sensitivity. 6, pp. 761-774.
11. Peuler, J. D. and Johnson, G. A. (1977) Simultaneous single isotope radioenzymatic assay of plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine. 21, pp. 625-636.
12. Kjeldsen, S. E., Flaaten, B., Eide, I., Helgeland, A. and Leren, P. (1982) Evidence of increased peripheral catecholamine release in patients with long-standing, untreated essential hypertension. 42, pp. 217-223.
13. Matthews, D. R., Hosker, J. P., Rudenski, A. S., Naylor, B. A., Treacher, D. F. and Turner, R. C. (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. 28, pp. 412-419.
14. Moan, A., Hoieggen, A., Seljeflot, I., Risanger, T., Arnesen, H. and Kjeldsen, S. E. (1996) The effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonism with losartan on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. 14, pp. 1093-1097.
15. Julius, S., Valentini, M. and Palatini, P. (2000) Overweight and hypertension: A 2-way street?. 35, pp. 807-813.
16. Deibert, D. C. and DeFronzo, R. A. (1980) Epinephrine-induced insulin resistance in man. 65, pp. 717-721.
17. Zeman, R. J., Ludemann, R., Easton, T. G. and Etlinger, J. D. (1988) Slow to fast alterations in skeletal muscle fibers caused by clenbuterol, a beta 2-receptor agonist. 254, pp. E726-E732.
18. Brook, R. D. and Julius, S. (2000) Autonomic imbalance, hypertension, and cardiovascular risk. 13, pp. 112S-122S.
19. Jamerson, K. A., Julius, S., Gudbrandsson, T., Andersson, O. and Brant, D. O. (1993) Reflex sympathetic activation induces acute insulin resistance in the human forearm. 21, pp. 618-623.
20. Jamerson, K. A., Smith, S. D., Amerena, J. V., Grant, E. and Julius, S. (1994) Vasoconstriction with norepinephrine causes less forearm insulin resistance than a reflex sympathetic vasoconstriction. 23, pp. 1006-1011.
21. Palatini, P. and Julius, S. (1997) Heart rate and the cardiovascular risk. 15, pp. 3-17.
22. Julius, S., Gudbrandsson, T., Jamerson, K., Tariq, S. S. and Andersson, O. (1991) The hemodynamic link between insulin resistance and hypertension. 9, pp. 983-986.
23. Lefrandt, J. D., Heitmann, J., Sevre, K., Castellano, M., Hausberg, M. Fallon, M. et al. (2001) The effects of dihydropyridine and phenylalkylamine calcium antagonist classes on autonomic function in hypertension: The VAMPHYRE study. 14, pp. 1083-1089.
24. Struck, J., Muck, P., Trubger, D., Handrock, R., Weidinger, G. Dendorfer, A. et al. (2002) Effects of selective angiotensin II receptor blockade on sympathetic nerve activity in primary hypertensive subjects. 20, pp. 1143-1149.
25. de Champlain, J., Karas, M., Nguyen, P., Cartier, P., Wistaff, R. Toal, C. B. et al. (1998) Different effects of nifedipine and amlodipine on circulating catecholamine levels in essential hypertensive patients. 16, pp. 1357-1369.
26. Fogari, R., Zoppi, A., Corradi, L., Preti, P., Malalamani, G. D. and Mugellini, A. (2000) Effects of different dihydropyridine calcium antagonists on plasma norepinephrine in essential hypertension. 18, pp. 1871-1875.
27. Lopez, L. M., Thorman, A. D. and Mehta, J. L. (1990) Effects of amlodipine on blood pressure, heart rate, catecholamines, lipids and responses to adrenergic stimulus. 66, pp. 1269-1271.
28. de Champlain, J., Karas, M., Assouline, L., Nadeau, R., LeBlanc, A. R. Dube, B. et al. (2007) Effects of valsartan or amlodipine alone or in combination on plasma catecholamine levels at rest and during standing in hypertensive patients. 9, pp. 168-178.
29. Grassi, G. (2001) Renin-angiotensin-sympathetic crosstalks in hypertension: Reappraising the relevance of peripheral interactions. 19, pp. 1713-1716.
30. Grassi, G., Seravalle, G., Dell'Oro, R., Trevano, F. Q., Bombelli, M. Scopelliti, F. et al. (2003) Comparative effects of candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, and sympathetic drive in obese hypertensive individuals: Results of the CROSS study. 21, pp. 1761-1769.
31. Fogari, R., Derosa, G., Zoppi, A., Rinaldi, A., Lazzari, P. Fogari, E. et al. (2005) Comparison of the effects of valsartan and felodipine on plasma leptin and insulin sensitivity in hypertensive obese patients. 28, pp. 209-214.
32. Liao, D., Carnethon, M., Evans, G. W., Cascio, W. E. and Heiss, G. (2002) Lower heart rate variability is associated with the development of coronary heart disease in individuals with diabetes: The atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. 51, pp. 3524-3531.
33. Aronson, D. (1997) Pharmacologic modulation of autonomic tone: Implications for the diabetic patient. 40, pp. 476-481.
34. Flanagan, D. E., Vaile, J. C., Petley, G. W., Moore, V. M., Godsland, I. F. Cockington, R. A. et al. (1999) The autonomic control of heart rate and insulin resistance in young adults. 84, pp. 1263-1267.
35. Lindmark, S., Wiklund, U., Bjerle, P. and Eriksson, J. W. (2003) Does the autonomic nervous system play a role in the development of insulin resistance? A study on heart rate variability in first-degree relatives of Type 2 diabetes patients and control subjects. 20, pp. 399-405.
36. Pikkujamsa, S. M., Huikuri, H. V., Airaksinen, K. E., Rantala, A. O., Kauma, H. Lilja, M. et al. (1998) Heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in hypertensive subjects with and without metabolic features of insulin resistance syndrome. 11, pp. 523-531.
37. Chern, C. M., Hsu, H. Y., Hu, H. H., Chen, Y. Y., Hsu, L. C. and Chao, A. C. (2006) Effects of atenolol and losartan on baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability in uncomplicated essential hypertension. 47, pp. 169-174.
38. Javorka, M., Javorkova, J., Tonhajzerova, I. and Javorka, K. (2005) Parasympathetic versus sympathetic control of the cardiovascular system in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. 25, pp. 270-274.
39. Grassi, G., Vailati, S., Bertinieri, G., Seravalle, G., Stella, M. L. Dell'Oro, R. et al. (1998) Heart rate as marker of sympathetic activity. 16, pp. 1635-1639.
40. Kannel, W. B., Kannel, C., Paffenbarger, R. S Jr. and Cupples, L. A. (1987) Heart rate and cardiovascular mortality: The Framingham Study. 113, pp. 1489-1494.
41. Palatini, P., Benetos, A., Grassi, G., Julius, S., Kjeldsen, S. E. Mancia, G. et al. (2006) Identification and management of the hypertensive patient with elevated heart rate: Statement of a European Society of Hypertension Consensus Meeting. 24, pp. 603-610.
42. Mancia, G., De, B. G., Dominiczak, A., Cifkova, R., Fagard, R. Germano, G. et al. (2007) 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). 25, pp. 1105-1187.
43. Facchini, F. S., Stoohs, R. A. and Reaven, G. M. (1996) Enhanced sympathetic nervous system activity. The linchpin between insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and heart rate. 9, pp. 1013-1017.
44. Moan, A., Nordby, G., Rostrup, M., Eide, I. and Kjeldsen, S. E. (1995) Insulin sensitivity, sympathetic activity, and cardiovascular reactivity in young men. 8, pp. 268-275.
45. Reims, H. M., Hoieggen, A., Fossum, E., Rostrup, M., Eide, I. and Kjeldsen, S. E. (2001) Glucose disposal rates calculated from 60- to 90-minute isoglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp correlate with cardiovascular risk factors in borderline hypertensive young men. 50, pp. 1175-1180.
46. Kjeldsen, S. E., Schork, N. J., Leren, P. and Eide, I. K. (1989) Arterial plasma norepinephrine correlates to blood pressure in middle-aged men with sustained essential hypertension. 118, pp. 775-781.
47. Grassi, G. (2003) Sympathetic deactivation as a goal of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic antihypertensive treatment: Rationale and options. 5, pp. 277-280.
48. Harsch, I. A., Schahin, S. P., Radespiel-Troger, M., Weintz, O., Jahreiss, H. Fuchs, F. S. et al. (2004) Continuous positive airway pressure treatment rapidly improves insulin sensitivity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. 169, pp. 156-162.
49. Huggett, R. J., Scott, E. M., Gilbey, S. G., Stoker, J. B., Mackintosh, A. F. and Mary, D. A. (2003) Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on sympathetic neural mechanisms in hypertension. 108, pp. 3097-3101.
50. Grassi, G., Seravalle, G., Quarti-Trevano, F., Dell'Oro, R., Bolla, G. and Mancia, G. (2003) Effects of hypertension and obesity on the sympathetic activation of heart failure patients. 42, pp. 873-877.
51. Grassi, G. (2004) Counteracting the sympathetic nervous system in essential hypertension. 13, pp. 513-519.
52. Taddei, S., Virdis, A., Mattei, P., Duranti, P., Favilla, S. and Salvetti, A. (1994) Vascular renin-angiotensin system and sympathetic nervous system activity in human hypertension. 23, pp. S9-S14.