Asthma in Latin America: Where the asthma causative/protective hypotheses fail

Allergologia et Immunopathologia

Volumn 36, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 150-153

  Mallol, Javier ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTIAGO DE CHILE   (Chile)

^b Hospital El Pino   (Chile)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALLERGEN;

AIR POLLUTION; ALLERGIC DISEASE; ASCARIASIS; ASTHMA; ATOPY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH PROGRAM; HUMAN; HYGIENE; HYPOTHESIS; IMMUNOSTIMULATION; INFESTATION; MEDICAL RESEARCH; NOTE; POVERTY; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIZATION; SMOG; SOCIOECONOMICS; SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA; SYMPTOM; TOBACCO; URBAN POPULATION; WHEEZING; ARTICLE; IMMUNOLOGY;

ALLERGENS; ASTHMA; HUMANS; LATIN AMERICA; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 48249157910     PISSN: 03010546     EISSN: 15781267     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0546(08)72540-0     Document Type: Note

References (19)

1. ISAAC Steering Committee. World-wide variations in the prevalence of asthma symptoms: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Eur Respir J 1998;12: 315-335.
2. Pearce N, Aït-Khaled N, Beasley R, Mallol J, Keil U, Mitchell E, et al.; and the ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. Worldwide trends in the prevalence of asthma symptoms: phase III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Thorax. 2007;62:758-766.
3. Asher MI, Montefort S, Björkstén B, Lai CKW, Strachan DP, Weiland SK, et al.; and the ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys. Lancet 2006; 368: 733-743, Erratum in: Lancet. 2007 Sep 29;370(9593):1128..
4. Mallol J, Solé D, Asher MI, Clayton T, Stein R, Soto-Quiróz M. The prevalence of asthma symptoms in children from Latin America. The ISAAC study. Pediatr Pulmonol 2000; 30: 439-444.
5. Solé D, Wandalsen GF, Camelo-Nunes IC, Naspitz CK ISAAC - Brazilian Group. Prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis, and atopic eczema among Brazilian children and adolescents identified by the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) - Phase 3. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006;82:341-346.
6. Von Mutius E. Asthma and allergies in rural areas of Europe. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2007;4:212-216.
7. Sigurdarson ST, Kline JN. School proximity to concentrated animal feeding operations and prevalence of asthma in students. Chest. 2006;129:1486-1491.
8. Palmer LJ, Celedón JC, Weiss ST, Wang B, Fang Z, Xu X. Ascaris lumbricoides infection is associated with increased risk of childhood asthma and atopy in rural China. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;165:1489-1493.
9. Ait-Khaled N, Odhiambo J, Pearce N, Adjoh KS, Maesano IA, Benhabyles B, et al. Prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and eczema in 13- to 14-year-old children in Africa: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase III. Allergy. 2007;62:247-58.
10. Nascimento Silva MT, Andrade J, Tavares-Neto J. Asthma and ascariasis in children aged two to ten living in a low income suburb. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2003;79:227-232.
11. Pereira MU, Sly PD, Pitrez PM, Jones MH, Escouto D, Dias AC, et al. Nonatopic asthma is associated with helminth infections and bronchiolitis in poor children. Eur Respir J. 2007;29:1154-1160.
12. Pearce N, Douwes J. The Latin American exception: why is childhood asthma so prevalent in Brazil? J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006;82:319-321.
13. Pearce N, Pekkanen J, Richard Beasley R. How much asthma is really attributable to atopy? Thorax 1999; 54:268-272.
14. Weinmayr G, Weiland SK, Björkstén B, Brunekreef B, Büchele G, Cookson WO, et al.; ISAAC Phase Two Study Group. Atopic sensitization and the international variation of asthma symptom prevalence in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176:565-574.
15. Flohr C, Weiland SK, Weinmayr G, Björkstén B, Bråbäck L, Brunekreef B, et al.; ISAAC Phase Two Study Group. The role of atopic sensitization in flexural eczema: findings from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase Two. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;12:141-147.
16. Mallol J, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Cortez E, Aguirre V, Aguilar P, Barrueto L. Heightened bronchial hyperresponsiveness in the absence of heightened atopy in children with current wheezing and low income status. Thorax 2008;63:167-171.
17. Salvi SS, Babu KS, Holgate ST. Is asthma really due to a polarized T cell response toward a helper T cell type 2 phenotype? Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164:1343-1346.
18. Holgate ST. Exacerbations: The asthma paradox. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 172:941-943.
19. Mallol J, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Cortez E. Effects of active tobacco smoking on the prevalence of asthma-like symptoms in adolescents. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2007;2:65-69.