Tectonic implications of new U-Pb zircon ages of the Ladakh batholith, Indus suture zone, northwest Himalaya, India

Terra Nova

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 309-317

  Upadhyay, Rajeev ^a   Frisch, Wolfgang ^b   Siebel, Wolfgang ^b  

^a KUMAUN UNIVERSITY   (India)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BATHOLITH; EOCENE; GRANITOID; PALEOCENE; PLUTONISM; SUBDUCTION; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; TECTONIC SETTING; URANIUM-LEAD DATING; ZIRCON;

ASIA; EURASIA; HIMALAYAS; INDIA; INDUS-YARLUNG SUTURE ZONE; SOUTH ASIA;

EID: 48249095559     PISSN: 09544879     EISSN: 13653121     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2008.00822.x     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Ahmad, T., Thakur, V.C., Islam, R., Khanna, P.P. and Mukherjee, P.K., 1998. Geochemistry and geodynamic implications of magmatic rocks from the Trans-Himalayan arc. Geochem. J., 32, 383-404.
2. Aitchison, J.C., Ali, J.R. and Davis, A.M., 2007. When and where did India and Asia collide. J. Geophys. Res., 112, B05423. Doi: 10.1029/ 2006JB004706.
3. Bard, J.P., 1983. Metamorphism of an obducted island arc: Example of the Kohistan sequence (Pakistan) in the Himalayan collided range. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 65, 133-144.
4. Beck, R.A., Burbank, D.W., Sercombe, W.J., Riley, G.W., Barndt, J.K., Berry, J.R., Afzal, J., Khan, A.M., Jurgen, H., Metje, J., Cheema, A., Shafique, N.A., Lawrence, R.D. and Khan, M.A., 1995. Stratigraphic evidence for an early collision between northwest India and Asia. Nature, 373, 555-558.
5. Bossart, P. and Ottiger, R., 1989. Rocks of the Murre formation in northern Pakistan: Indicators of a descending foreland basin of late Paleocene to middle Eocene. Ecol. Geol. Helv., 82, 133-165.
6. De Sigoyer, J., chavagnac, V., Blichet-Toft, J., Villa, I., Luais, B., Guillot, S., Cosca, M. and Mascle, G., 2000. Dating the Indian continental subduction and collisional thickening in the northwest Himalaya: Multichronology of the Tso Morari eclogites. Geology, 28, 487-490.
7. Debon, F., Le Fort, P., Sheppard, S.M.F. and Sonet, J., 1986. The four plutonic belts of the Transhimalaya-Himalaya: A chemical, mineralogical, isotopic and chronological synthesis along a Tibet-Nepal section. J. Petrol., 27, 219-250.
8. Debon, F., Le Fort, P., Dantel, D., Sonet, J. and Zimmermann, J.L., 1987. Granites of western Karakoram and northern Kohistan (Pakistan): A composite Mid-Cretaceous to Upper Cenozoic magmatism. Lithos, 20, 19-40.
9. Dietrich, V.J., Frank, W. and Honegger, K., 1983. A Jurassic-Cretaceous island arc in the Ladakh Himalayas. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 18, 405-433.
10. Gansser, A., 1977. The great suture zone between Himalaya and Tibet, a preliminary account. Sci. Terre Himalaya CNRS, 268, 181-192.
11. Garzanti, E. and van Haver, T., 1988. The Indus clastics: Forearc basin sedimentation in the Ladakh Himalaya (India). Sed. Geol., 59, 237-249.
12. Garzanti, E., Baud, A. and Mascle, G., 1987. Sedimentary record of the northward flight on India and its collision with Eurasia (Ladakh, Himalaya, India). Geodin. Acta, 1, 297-312.
13. George, M.T., Harris, N.B.W. and Butler, R.W.H., 1993. The tectonic implications of contrasting granite magmatism between Kohistan island arc and the Nanga-Parbat-Haramosh Massif, Pakistan Himalaya. In: Himalayan Tectonics (P.J. Treloar and M.P. Searle, eds). Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ., 74, 173-191.
14. Guillot, S., De Sigoyer, J., Lardeaux, J.M. and Mascle, G., 1997. Eclogitic sediments from the Tso Morari area (Ladakh, Himalaya): evidence for continental subduction during India-Asia convergence. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 128, 197-212.
15. Guillot, S., Cosca, M., Allemand, P. and Le fort, P., 1999. Contrasting metamorphic and geochronologic evolution along the Himalayan belt. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., 328, 117-128.
16. Harris, N.B.W., Xu, R., Lewis, C.L. and Chengwei, J., 1988. Plutonic rocks of the 1985 Tibet Geotraverse. Lhasa to Golmud. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., 327, 145-168.
17. Harrison, T.M., Copeland, P., Kidd, W.S.F. and Yin, A., 1992. Raising Tibet. Science, 255, 1663-1670.
18. Harrison, T.M., Yin, A., Grove, M., Lovera, O.M., Ryerson, F.J. and Xinhua, Z., 2000. The Zedong window: A record of superposed Tertiary convergence in southeastern Tibet. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 19211-19230.
19. Honegger, K., Dietrich, V., Frank, W., Gansser, A., Thoni, M. and Trommsdorff, V., 1982. Magmatism and metamorphism in the Ladakh Himalayas, the Indus Tsangpo Suture Zone. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 60, 253-292.
20. Jaeger, J.-J., Courtillot, V. and Tapponnier, P., 1989. Paleontological view of the ages of the Deccan Traps, the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, and the India-Asia collision. Geology, 17, 316-319.
21. Khan, M.A., Jan, M.Q., Windley, B.F., Tarney, J. and Thirwall, M.F., 1989. The Chilas Mafic-Ultramafic Igneous Complex: The root of Kohistan island arc in the Himalaya of northern Pakistan. Geol. Soc. Am. Spec. Pap., 232, 75-94.
22. Kirstein, L.A., Sinclair, H., Stuart, F.M. and Dobson, K., 2006. Rapid early Miocene exhumation of the Ladakh batholith, western Himalaya. Geology, 34, 1049-1052.
23. Klootwijk, C.T., Gee, J.S., Peirce, J.W., Smith, G.M. and Mcfadden, P.L., 1992. An early India-Asia contact: Palaeomagnetic constraints from Ninetyeast ridge, ODP leg 121. Geology, 20, 395-398.
24. Krogh, T.E., 1982. Improved accuracy of U-Pb zircon ages by the creation of more concordant systems using the air abrasion technique. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 46, 637-649.
25. Ludwig, K.R., 1988. PBDAT for MS-DOS: A Computer Program for IBM-PC Compatibles for Processing Raw Pb-U-Th Isotope Data. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 88-0542, 37 p.
26. Ludwig, K.R., 2003. Isoplot 3.00-a geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel. Berkeley Geochronol. Cent. Spec. Publ. No. 4, 71 p.
27. 40Ar dating of the Trans-Himalayan calc-alkaline magmatism of southern Tibet. Nature, 298, 152-154.
28. Matte, P., Tapponnier, P., Arnaud, N., Bourjot, L., Avouac, J.P., Vidal, P., Qing, L., Pan, Y. and Wang, Y., 1996. Tectonics of Western Tibet, between the Tarim and the Indus. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 142, 311-330.
29. Molnar, P. and Tapponnier, P., 1975. Cenozoic tectonics of Asia: Effects of a continental collision. Science, 189, 419-426.
30. Patriat, P. and Achache, J., 1984. India-Eurasia collision and chronology as implications for crustal shortening and driving mechamisms of plate. Nature, 311, 615-621.
31. Pearce, J.A., Harris, N.B.W. and Tindle, A.G., 1984. Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. J. Petrol., 25, 956-983.
32. Petterson, M.G. and Windley, B.F., 1985. Rb-Sr dating of the Kohistan arc-batholith in the Trans-Himalaya of north Pakistan, and tectonic implications. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 74, 45-57.
33. Pivnik, D.A. and Wells, N.A., 1996. The transition from Tethys to the Himalaya as recorded in NW Pakistan. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 108, 1295-1313.
34. Radhakrishna, T., Divakara Rao, V. and Murali, A.V., 1984. Geochemistry of Dras Volcanics and the evolution of the Indus Suture ophiolites. Tectonophysics, 108, 135-153.
35. Reuber, I., Colchen, M. and Mevel, C., 1987. The geodynamic evolution of the south-Tethyan margin in Zanskar, NW-Himalaya, as revealed by the Spongtang ophiolitic mélanges. Geodin. Acta, 1, 283-296.
36. Rolland, Y., 2002. From intra-oceanic convergence to post-collisional evolution: Example of the India-Asia convergence in NW Himalaya, from Cretaceous to present. J. Vert. Expl., 8, 185-208.
37. Rolland, Y., Pecher, A. and Picard, C., 2000. Middle Cretaceous back-arc formation and arc evolution along the Asian margin: The Shyok Suture Zone in northern Ladakh (NW Himalaya). Tectonophysics, 325, 145-173.
38. Rolland, Y., Picard, C., Pecher, A., Lapierre, H., Bosch, D. and Keller, F., 2002. The Cretaceous Ladakh arc of NW himalaya- slab melting and melt-mantle interaction during fast northward drift of Indian plate. Chem. Geol., 182, 139-178.
39. Rowley, D.B., 1996. Age of initiation of collision between India and Asia: A review of stratigraphic data. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 145, 1-13.
40. Saunders, A.D., Tarney, J. and Weaver, S.D., 1980. Transverse variations across the Antarctic Peninsula: Implications for the genesis of calc-alkaline magmas. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 46, 344-360.
41. Schärer, U., Xu, R.H. and Allegre, C.J., 1984. U-Pb geochronology of Gangdese, Trans Himalaya, plutonism in the Lhasa-Xigaze region, Tibet. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 69, 311-320.
42. Searle, M.P., 1996. Geological evidence against large scale pre-Holocene offsets along the Karakoram Fault: Implications for the limited extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau. Tectonics, 15, 171-186.
43. Searle, M.P., Waters, D.J., Rex, D.C. and Wilson, R.N., 1992. Pressure, temperature and the time constraints on Himalayan metamorphism from Eastern Kashmir and Western Zanskar. J. Geol. Soc. Lond., 149, 753-773.
44. Searle, M.P., Khan, A.M., Fraser, J.E. and Gough, S.J., 1999. The tectonic evolution of the Kohistan-Karakoram collision belt along the Karakoram Highway transect, north Pakistan. Tectonics, 18, 929-949.
45. Sharma, K.K. (ed.), 1990. Tectonomagmatic and sedimentation history of Ladakh collision zone: A synthesis. In: Geology and Geodynamic Evolution of the Himalayan Collision Zone. Phys. Chem. Earth, 18, 115-132.
46. Sharma, K.K. and Choubey, V.M., 1983. Petrology, geochemistry and geochronology of the southern margin of the Ladakh Batholith between Upshi and Chumathang. In: Geology of the Indus Suture Zone of Ladakh (V.C. Thakur and K.K. Sharma, eds), pp. 41-60. Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, Dehradun.
47. Sinclair, H.D. and Jaffey, N., 2001. Sedimentology of the Indus group, Ladakh, northern India: Implications for the timing of initiation of the palaeo-Indus river. J. Geol. Soc. Lond., 158, 151-162.
48. Sorkhabi, R.B., Jain, A.K., Nishimura, S., Itaya, T., Lal, N., Manickavasagam, R.M. and Tagami, T., 1994. New age constraints on the cooling and unroofing history of the Trans-Himalayan Ladakh Batholith (Kargil area), N.W. India. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Earth Planet. Sci.), 103, 83-97.
49. Srimal, N., Basu, A.R. and Kyser, T.K., 1987. Tectonic inferences from oxygen isotopes in volcano-plutonic complexes of the India-Asia collision zone, NW India. Tectonics, 6, 261-273.
50. Stacey, J.S. and Kramers, J.D., 1975. Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two stage model. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 127, 30-45.
51. Sun, S.S. and McDonough, W.F., 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalt: Implications for mantle composition and processes. In: Magmatism in the Ocean Basins (A.D. Saunders and M.H. Norry, eds). Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 42, 313-345.
52. Tahirkheli, R.A.K., 1979. Geology of Kohistan and adjoining Eurasian and Indo-Pakistan continent, N. Pakistan. Geol. Bull. Univ. Peshawar Spec. Issue, 11, 1-30.
53. Thakur, V.C. and Misra, D.K., 1984. Tectonic framework of Indus and Shyok Suture zones in eastern Ladakh, northwest Himalaya. Tectonophysics, 101, 207-220.
54. Upadhyay, R., 2002. Stratigraphy and tectonics of Ladakh, Eastern Karakoram, Western Tibet and Western Kun Lun. J. Geol. Soc. India, 59, 447-467.
55. Upadhyay, R., Sinha, A., Chandra, R. and Rai, H., 1999. Tectonic and magmatic evolution of the eastern Karakoram, India. Geodina. Acta, 12, 341-358.
56. Weinberg, R.F., 1997. The disruption of a diorite magma pool by intruding granite: The Sobu body, Ladakh batholith, Indian Himalayas. J. Geol., 105, 87-98.
57. Weinberg, R.F. and Dunlap, W.J., 2000. Growth and deformation of the Ladakh Batholith, northwest Himalayas: Implications for timing of continental collision and origin of calc-alkaline batholith. J. Geol., 108, 303-320.
58. Weinberg, R.F. and Dunlap, W.J., 2001. Comments on "Middle Cretaceous back-arc formation and arc evolution along the Asia margin: the Shyok Suture Zone in northern Ladakh (NW Himalaya)" by Rolland and Pecher. Tectonophysics, 340, 265-268.
59. Weinberg, R.F., Dunlap, W.J. and Whitehouse, M., 2000. New field, structural and geochronological data from the Shyok and Nubra valleys, northern Ladakh: Linking Kohistan to Tibet. Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ., 170, 253-275.