The health care systems of China and India: Performance and future challenges

Health Affairs

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 921-932

  Yip, Winnie ^a   Mahal, Ajay ^a  

^a HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHINA; HEALTH CARE; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE FINANCING; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HEALTH INSURANCE; HEALTH STATUS; INDIA; LIFE EXPECTANCY; REVIEW;

CHINA; DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE; HEALTH CARE REFORM; HUMANS; INDIA; INSURANCE COVERAGE; LIFE EXPECTANCY; QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE;

EID: 48149099759     PISSN: 02782715     EISSN: 02782715     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.27.4.921     Document Type: Review

References (44)

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2. See, for example, A. Wagstaff and E. van Doorslaer, "Catastrophe and Impoverishment in Paying for Health Care: With Applications to Vietnam 1993-1998," Health Economics 12, no. 11 (2003): 921-934.
3. E. van Doorslaer et al., "Effect of Payments for Health Care on Poverty Estimates in Eleven Countries in Asia: An Analysis of Household Survey Data," Lancet 368, no. 9544 (2006): 1357-1364.
4. See Appendix Exhibit 1A online at http://content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/ content/full/27/4/921/DC1.
5. For the urban poorest, the burden fell in 2003, although the burden per visit or admission rose. This was due to a fall in the utilization rate, which might be due to reduced access to care among this group, who were largely not covered by any insurance during 1993-2003. Data for these years are available in Appendix Exhibit 1A online, as in Note 4.
6. For these data and additional data for 1995-96, see Appendix Exhibit 1B online, as in Note 4.
7. See Appendix Exhibits 1A and 1B online; ibid.
8. See Appendix Exhibits 2A and 2B online; ibid.
9. Center for Health Statistics and Information, Ministry of Health, "An Analysis Report of the National Health Survey in 2003" (in Chinese) (Beijing: Ministry of Health, 2004).
10. See Appendix Exhibit 2B online, as in Note 4.
11. Authors' communication with Abhay Bang, SEARCH, Maharashtra, October 2006; and Pradeep Singh, Coney Island Hospital, New York City, November 2007.
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25. Rising salaries might have induced public-sector employees to work harder. However, this appears unlikely, given the serious organizational issues that continue to plague public-sector functioning in India, as well as the continued income differentials between the public and private sectors in India.
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31. Blumenthal and Hsiao, "Privatization and Its Discontents."
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44. I. Gupta and M. Trivedi, "Voluntary Insurance Sector in India: Partnering to Achieve Greater Coverage for Health,"Working Paper (New Delhi: Institute of Economic Growth, 2005).