Synthesis and evaluation of some polymeric compounds as pour oint depressants and viscosity index improvers for lube oil

Petroleum Science and Technology

Volumn 26, Issue 12, 2008, Pages 1390-1402

  Ahmed, N S ^a   Nassar, A M ^a   Nasser, R M ^a   Khattab, A F ^b   Abdel Azim, A A A ^a  

^a Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute   (Egypt)

^b Menoufia University   (Egypt)

Author keywords

Lube oil; Lube oil additives; Polymeric additives; Pour point depressants; Viscosity index improvers

Indexed keywords

ARSENIC COMPOUNDS; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; CHAIN LENGTH; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); COPOLYMERIZATION; DOPING (ADDITIVES); ESTERS; HYDRODYNAMICS; MALEIC ANHYDRIDE; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; ORGANIC ACIDS; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; POINT GROUPS; POLYMERS; VISCOSITY;

ACRYLIC ACID (PS-PAA); ALKYL GROUPS; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); LUBE OILS; POLYMERIC ADDITIVES; POLYMERIC COMPOUNDS; POUR POINT DEPRESSANT (PPD); VINYL ACETATE (VAC); VISCOSITY INDEX IMPROVERS;

COMPLEXATION;

EID: 47949089788     PISSN: 10916466     EISSN: 15322459     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10916460701272195     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Abdel-Azim, A. A.-A., and Huglin, M. B. (1983). Polym. J. 24:1308
2. Abdel-Azim, A. A.-A., and Huglin, M. B. (1984a). Second Proceedings of the Egyptian Conference of Chemical Engineering, Cairo, Egypt, March 18-20, pp. 111-116.
3. Abdel-Azim, A. A.-A., and Huglin, M. B. (1984b). Proceedings of the Second Egyptian Conference of Chemical Engineering, Cairo, Egypt, March 18-20, pp. 117-123.
4. Abdel-Azim, A. A.-A., and Rasha, M. (2001). J. Polym. Res. 2:111-118.
5. Akhmedov, A. I. (1987). Chem. Technol. Fuels Oils 23:147-151.
6. Alemàn-Vàzquez, L. O., and Villagómez-Ibarra, J. R. (2001). Fuel 80:965-968.
7. Amal, M. N. (2001). Preparation and evaluation of some polymeric compounds as lube oil additives. J. Faculty Edu. 26:309-321.
8. Anwar, M., Khan, H., Nautiyal, S., Agrawal, K. M., and Rawat, B. S. (1999). Pet. Sci. Technol. 17:491-501.
9. Barnes, A. M., Bartle, K. D., and Thibon, V R. A. (2001). A review of zinc dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDPS): Characterization and role in the lubricating oil. Tribol. Int. 34:389-395.
10. Coutinho, J. A. P., Cauphin, C., and Daridon, J. L. (2000). Fuel 79:607.
11. Coutinho, J. A. P. (1999). Fluid Phase Equilib. 160:447.
12. Dean, E. W., Baner, A. D., and Berglund, J. H. (1940). Ind. Eng. Chem. 32:102.
13. Denis, J. (1989). Lubr. Sci. 1:131-147.
14. Eckert, R. J. A., and Covey, D. F. (1988). Lubr. Sci. 1:65.
15. Eckert, R. J. A., and Covey, D. F. (1986). Developments in the field of hydrogenated diene copolymer as viscosity index improvers. 5th International Colloquium, Technishe Akademie, Esslingen.
16. Eckert, R. J. A., and Wortel, J. M. (1972). Hydroxy-functional Acrylic Copolymers. Shell Oil Co. U.S. Patent No. 3,642,633.
17. EI-Gamal, I. M., Khidr, T. T., and Ghuiba F. M. (1998). Fuel 77:375.
18. EI-Gamal, I. M., and Al-Sabbagh, A. M. (1996). Fuel 75:743.
19. Florea, M., Catrinoiu-Daina, L.-R, and Ballius, S. (1999). Lubr. Sci. 12:31-44.
20. Ford, J. F., and Wood, J. M. (1971). Phosphoramidates of Alpha-olefin Polymers. The British Petroleum Co. Limited. U.S. Patent No. 3,562,160.
21. Graulin, G., Swire, E. A., and Jones, S. P. (1953). Ind. Eng. Chem. 48:2325.
22. Grigor'eva, N., Badyshtova, K., Shchekurin, O., and Kolobv, N. (1986). Chem. Technol. Fuels Oils 21:250-253.
23. Guangteng, G., Smeeth, M., Cann, P. M., and Spikes, H. A. (1996). Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part 1. J. Eng. Tribol. 21:1-15.
24. Handoo, J., Srivastava, S. P., Agrawal, K. M. et al. (1989). Fuel 68:1346.
25. He, Z. et al. (2004). Wear 257:389-394.
26. Holder, G. A., and Winkler, J. (1965). Nature 207:719.
27. Hsu, S. M. (2004). Tribol. Int. 37:553-559.
28. Qian, J., Wang, X., Qi, G. et al. (1997). Macromolecules 30:3283.
29. Kapur, G. S., Sarpal, A. S., Mazumdar, S. K., Srivastava, S. P., and Bhatnagar, A. K. (1995). Lubr. Sci. 8:49-60.
30. Lansdown, A. R. (1982). Lubrication: A Practical Guide to Lubricant Selection. Pergamon Materials Engineering Practice Series, Swansea Tribology Center, UK, Chapter 1, pp. 1-14.
31. Lorensen, L. E. (1962). American Chemical Society Meeting, Petroleum Division, Sept. 9-14, Preprints 7 (4-B), B61.
32. Mirante Fátima, I. C., and Coutinho Joâo, A. P. (2001). Fluid Phase Equilib. 180:247.
33. Mohamed, M. M., Hamdi, H. A., and Mohamed, F. E. J. (1994). Chem. Tech. Biotechnol. 60:283-289.
34. Nehal, S. A. (1996). Ph.D. Thesis, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
35. O'Connor, J. J., Boyd, J., and Avallone, E. A. (1968). Standard Handbook of Lubrication Engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill, Chapter 10, pp. 10.1-10.9.
36. Pirro, D. M., and Wessol, A. A. (2001). Lubrication Fundamentals. New York: Marcel Dekker, pp. 37-43.
37. Queimada António, J. N., Dauphin, C., Marrucho, I. M. et al. (2001). Thermochim. Acta 372:93.
38. Ranney, M. W (1978). Lubricant Additives. NJ: Noyes Data Corporation.
39. Santos, J. C O. et al. (2004). Fuel 83:2393-2399.
40. Schwab, F. C., and Heilweil, I. J. (1976). Styrene-alkylene oxide block copolymers. Mobil Oil Corporation. U.S. Patent No. 3,954,915.
41. Smalheer, C. V., and Kennedy, R. S. (1967). Lubrication Additives.
42. Srivastava, S. P., Tandon, R. S., Verma, P. S. et al. (1992). Fuel 71:533.
43. Wu, C. et al. (2005). Fuel 84:2039-2047.
44. Xiangqiong, Z. et al. (2005). Wear 285:800-805.
45. Zuo, J. Y., Zhang, D. D., and Ng, H. J. (2001). Chem. Eng. Sci. 56:6941.