-
1
-
-
84910276470
-
-
The first U.S. book about the cultural relativity of U.S. management theories is still to be written, I believe—which lack in itself indicates how difficult it is to recognize one's own cultural biases. One of the few U.S. books describing the process of cultural conditioning for a management readership is Edward T. Hall's The Silent Language (Fawcett, 1959, but reprinted since). Good reading also is Hall's article “The Silent Language in Overseas Business” (Harvard Business Review, May–June 1960). Hall is an anthropologist and therefore a specialist in the study of culture. Very readable on the same subject are two books by the British anthropologist Mary Douglas, Natural Symbols: Exploration in Cosmology (Vintage, 1973) and the reader Rules and Meanings: The Anthropology of Everyday Knowledge (Penguin, 1973). Another excellent reader is Theodore D. Weinshall's Culture and Management (Penguin, 1977).
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
84910303434
-
-
On the concept of national character, some well-written professional literature is Margaret Mead's “National Character,” in the reader by Sol Tax, Anthropology Today (University of Chicago Press, 1962), and Alex Inkeles and D. J. Levinson's, “National Character,” in Lindzey and Aronson's Handbook of Social Psychology, second edition, volume 4, (Addison-Wesley, 1969). Critique on the implicit claims of universal validity of management theories comes from some foreign authors: An important article is Michel Brossard and Marc Maurice's “Is There a Universal Model of Organization Structure?” (International Studies of Management and Organization, Fall 1976). This journal is a journal of translations from non-American literature, based in New York, that often contains important articles on management issues by non-U.S. authors that take issue with the dominant theories. Another article is Gunnar Hjelholt's “Europe Is [[Truncated]]
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
84910310857
-
-
Some other references of interest: Ian R. G. Ferguson's Management by Objectives in Deutschland, (Herder and Herder, 1973) (in German); G. Franck's “Epitaphe pour la DPO,” in Le Management, November 1973 (in French); and D. Jenkins's Blue- and White-Collar Democracy, (Doubleday, 1973).
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
84910249469
-
-
Note: Details of Geert Hofstede's study of national cultures has been published in his book, Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values (Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1980).
-
-
-
|
