Toward a globally sensitive patriotism

Daedalus

Volumn 137, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 78-93

  Nussbaum, Martha C ^a,b  

^a American Academy

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 47749146890     PISSN: 00115266     EISSN: 15486192     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1162/daed.2008.137.3.78     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. All of this is well portrayed in Erik Larsen's novel The Devil in the White City, a work of popular semifiction that has, at the same time, a serious historical thesis.
2. The history of the Pledge is exhaustively documented in Richard J. Ellis, To the Flag : The Unlikely History of the Pledge of Allegiance (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2005).
3. The words "under God" were added to the Pledge in 1954, during the cold war. I discuss the Pledge and the legal conflicts surrounding it in Liberty of Conscience : In Defense of America's Tradition of Religious Equality (New York : Basic Books, 2008), chap. 5, 8.
4. Jean-Jacques Rousseau, On the Social Contract, book IV, chap. VIII ("On Civil Religion").
5. One good modern edition is in Jean-Jacques Rousseau, The Basic Political Writings, trans. Donald A. Cress (Indianapolis : Hackett Publishing, 1987), 220-227.
6. Martha Nussbaum, "For Love of Country," in For Love of Country : A Debate on Patriotism and Cosmopolitanism (Boston: Beacon Press, 1996). I am extremely grateful to Paul Weithman for comments that showed me the need for this clarification.
7. J. S. Mill, "The Utility of Religion," 1874 (posthumously published).
8. This definition of 'basic structure' is that used by Rawls in Political Liberalism.
9. On the world state, see Martha Nussbaum, Frontiers of Justice : Disability, Nationality, Species Membership (Cambridge, Mass. : Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2007), 313-314.
10. John Rawls, A Theory of Justice (Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press, 1971), 479-504. Although Rawls came to doubt the specifics of this section by the time he wrote Political Liberalism, he continued to assert that the just society needed to operate with a "reasonable political psychology."
11. Juergen Habermas, "Citizenship and National Identity: Some Reflections on the Future of Europe," Praxis International 12 (1992-1993) : 1-19.
12. David Miller, On Nationality (Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1995).
13. See Nussbaum, Frontiers, chap, 1, 3.
14. In "Letters for the Advancement of Humanity" (1793 -1797), translated by Michael Forster in Forster, ed., Herder: Philosophical Writings (Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2002), Letter 119, 404-409.
15. Dan Kindlon and Michael Thompson, Raising Cain : Protecting the Emotional Life of Boys (New York: Ballantine, 1999).
16. Martha Nussbaum, The Clash Within : Democracy, Religious Violence, and India's Future (Cambridge, Mass. : Harvard University Press, 2007), chap. 6.
17. Minersville School Dist. v. Gobitis, 310 U.S. 596 (1940).
18. Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943).
19. See Rabindranath Tagore, Nationalism, lectures delivered in 1917. "Jana Gana Mana" was not written as the national anthem ; it was written much earlier, as Tagore's form of indirect protest against the visit of George V to India. What he was basically doing is to state that India's diverse citizens owe their ultimately loyalty not to the colonial ruler, but to the moral, law. I discuss the anthem's history in the introduction to The Clash.
20. Chatterjee is one of the targets of Tagore's mordant critique of warlike nationalism, in his 1916 novel Ghare Baire, or The Home and the World. Its hero, who favors an inclusive conception of citizenship based upon justice, declares himself unable to understand the spirit of "Bande Mataram."
21. I cite the well-known translation by nationalist philosopher Sri Aurobindo.
22. On the evidence that led to a denial to Modi of a visa to enter the United States, see Nussbaum, The Clash Within, chap, 1; since that time, interviews by the investigative magazine Tehelka, conducted with hidden camera, have given even more overwhelming evidence of his guilt; see the special issue of Tehelka, "The Truth : Gujarat 2002, In the Words of the Men Who Did It," Tehelka 4 (43) (November 3, 2007).