Expression of energy balance regulatory genes in the developing ovine fetal hypothalamus at midgestation and the influence of hyperglycemia

American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology

Volumn 294, Issue 6, 2008, Pages

  Adam, Clare L ^a   Findlay, Patricia A ^a   Chanet, Audrey ^a   Aitken, Raymond P ^a   Milne, John S ^a   Wallace, Jacqueline M ^a  

^a ROWETT RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Appetite; Developmental programming; Obesity; Proopiomelanocortin

Indexed keywords

AGOUTI RELATED PROTEIN; CARBON 14; COCAINE AND AMPHETAMINE REGULATED TRANSCRIPT PEPTIDE; COMPLEMENTARY DNA; COMPLEMENTARY RNA; GLUCOSE; INSULIN; INSULIN RECEPTOR; MESSENGER RNA; NEUROPEPTIDE Y; PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN; RECOMBINANT GROWTH HORMONE; LEPTIN RECEPTOR; NERVE PROTEIN;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; APPETITE; ARCUATE NUCLEUS; ARTICLE; AUTORADIOGRAPHY; BLOOD SAMPLING; BODY WEIGHT; BRAIN WEIGHT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIETARY INTAKE; ENERGY BALANCE; FETUS; FETUS BLOOD; FETUS DEVELOPMENT; GENE EXPRESSION; GESTATIONAL AGE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HORMONAL THERAPY; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPOTHALAMUS; INSULIN BLOOD LEVEL; MATERNAL PLASMA; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; RECEPTOR GENE; SHEEP; ANIMAL; BLOOD; BREEDING; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEMALE; GENETICS; METABOLISM; ORGAN SIZE; PHYSIOLOGY; PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT;

AGOUTI-RELATED PROTEIN; ANIMALS; BLOOD GLUCOSE; BODY WEIGHT; ENERGY METABOLISM; FEMALE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPOTHALAMUS; INSULIN; NERVE TISSUE PROTEINS; NEUROPEPTIDE Y; ORGAN SIZE; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY, ANIMAL; PRO-OPIOMELANOCORTIN; RECEPTOR, INSULIN; RECEPTORS, LEPTIN; RNA, MESSENGER; SHEEP;

EID: 47549085570     PISSN: 03636119     EISSN: 15221490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00163.2008     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Adam CL, Archer ZA, Findlay PA, Thomas L, Marie M. Hypothalamic gene expression in sheep for cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript, pro-opiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y, agouti-related peptide and leptin receptor, and responses to negative energy balance. Neuroendocrinology 75: 250-256, 2002.
2. Adam CL, Findlay PA, Kyle CE, Young P, Mercer JG. Effect of chronic food restriction on pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y gene expression in castrate male sheep. J Endocrinol 152: 329-337, 1997.
3. Ahima RS, Saper CB, Flier JS, Elmquist JK. Leptin regulation of neuroendocrine systems. Front Neuroendocrinol 21: 263-307, 2000.
4. Archer ZA, Rhind SM, Findlay PA, Kyle CE, Barber MC, Adam CL. Hypothalamic responses to peripheral glucose infusion in food-restricted sheep are influenced by photoperiod. J Endocrinol 184: 515-525, 2005.
5. Barrett P, Morris MA, Moar KM, Mercer JG, Davidson JA, Findlay PA, Adam CL, Morgan PJ. The differential regulation of CART gene expression in a pituitary cell line and primary cell cultures of ovine pars tuberalis cells. J Neuroendocrinol 13: 347-352, 2001.
6. Battaglia FC, Meschia G. Fetal nutrition. Ann Rev Nutr 8: 43-61, 1998.
7. Carlo AS, Pyrski M, Loudes C, Faivre-Baumann A, Epelbaum J, Williams LM, Meyerhof W. Leptin sensitivity in the developing rat hypothalamus. Endocrinology 148: 6073-6082, 2007.
8. Edwards LJ, Symonds ME, Warnes KE, Owens JA, Butler TG, Jurisevic A, McMillen IC. Responses of the fetal pituitary-adrenal axis to acute and chronic hypoglycemia during late gestation in the sheep. Endocrinology 142: 1778-1785, 2001.
9. Elias CF, Lee CE, Kelly JF, Aschkenasi C, Ahima RS, Couceyro PR, Kuhar MJ, Saper CB, Elmquist JK. Leptin activates hypothalamic CART neurons projecting to the spinal cord. Neuron 21: 1375-1385, 1998.
10. Grayson BE, Allen SE, Billes SK, Williams SM, Smith MS, Grove KL. Prenatal development of hypothalamic neuropeptide systems in the nonhuman primate. Neuroscience 143: 975-986, 2006.
11. Grove KL, Smith MS. Ontogeny of the hypothalamic neuropeptide Y system. Physiol Behav 79: 47-63, 2003.
12. Harding JE, Evans PC, Gluckman PD. Maternal growth hormone treatment increases placental diffusion capacity but not fetal or placental growth in sheep. Endocrinology 138: 5352-5358, 1997.
13. Ikenasio-Thorpe BA, Breier BH, Vickers MH, Fraser M. Prenatal influences on susceptibility to diet-induced obesity are mediated by altered neuroendocrine gene expression. J Endocrinol 193: 31-37, 2007.
14. Ismail-Beigi F, Catalano PM, Hanson RW. Metabolic programming: fetal origins of obesity and metabolic syndrome in the adult. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 291: E439-E440, 2006.
15. Jensen DM, Damm P, Moelsted-Pedersen L, Ovesen P, Westergaard JG, Moeller M, Beck-Nielsen H. Outcomes in type 1 diabetic pregnancies: a nationwide, population-based study. Diabetes Care 27: 2819-2823, 2004.
16. Koutcherov Y, Mai JK, Ashwell, Paxinos GKW. Organization of human hypothalamus in fetal development. J Comp Neurol 446: 310-324, 2002.
17. Langley-Evans SC, Bellinger L, McMullen S. Animal models of programming: early life influences on appetite and feeding behaviour. Mat Child Nutr 1: 142-148, 2005.
18. Levin BE. Metabolic imprinting on genetically predisposed neural circuits perpetuates obesity. Nutrition 16: 909-915, 2000.
19. Liggins GC, Fairclough RJ, Grieves SA, Kendall JZ, Knox BS. The mechanism of initiation of parturition in the ewe. Recent Prog Horm Res 29: 111-159, 1973.
20. Liggins GC, Forster CS, Grieves SA, Schwartz AL. Control of parturition in man. Biol Reprod 16: 39-56, 1977.
21. McMillen IC, Adam CL, Mühlhäusler BS. Early origins of obesity: programming the appetite regulatory system. J Physiol 565: 9-17, 2005.
22. Mercer JG, Lawrence CB, Beck B, Burlet A, Atkinson T, Barrett P. Hypothalamic NPY and prepro-NPY mRNA in Djungarian hamsters: effects of food deprivation and photoperiod. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 269: R1099-R1106, 1995.
23. Mercer JG, Moar KM, Findlay PA, Hoggard N, Adam CL. Association of leptin receptor (OB-Rb), NPY, and GLP-1 gene expression in the ovine and murine brainstem. Regul Pept 75-76: 271-278, 1998.
24. Mercer JG, Moar KM, Ross AW, Hoggard N, Morgan PJ. Photoperiod regulates arcuate nucleus POMC, AGRP, and leptin receptor mRNA in Siberian hamster hypothalamus. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 278: R271-R281, 2000.
25. Mühlhäusler BS. Programming of the appetite-regulating neural network: a link between maternal overnutrition and the programming of obesity? J Neuroendocrinol 19: 67-72, 2007.
26. Mühlhäusler BS, Adam CL, Findlay PA, Duffield JA, McMillen IC. Increased maternal nutrition alters development of the appetite-regulating network in the brain. FASEB J 20: 1257-1259, 2006.
27. Mühlhäusler BS, Adam CL, Marrocco EM, Findlay PA, Roberts CT, McFarlane JR, Kauter KG, McMillen IC. Impact of glucose infusion on the structural and functional characteristics of adipose tissue and on hypothalamic gene expression for appetite regulatory neuropeptides in the sheep fetus during late gestation. J Physiol 565: 185-195, 2005.
28. Mühlhäusler BS, Adam CL, McMillen IC. Maternal nutrition and the programming of obesity: the brain. Organogenesis In press.
29. Mühlhäusler BS, McMillen IC, Rouzaud G, Findlay PA, Marrocco EM, Rhind SM, Adam CL. Appetite regulatory neuropeptides are expressed in the sheep hypothalamus before birth. J Neuroendocrinol 16: 502-507, 2004.
30. Mühlhäusler BS, Roberts CT, McFarlane JR, Kauter KG, McMillen IC. Fetal leptin is a signal of fat mass independent of maternal nutrition in ewes fed at or above maintenance energy requirements. Biol Reprod 67: 493-499, 2002.
31. Nathanielsz PW, Padmanabhan V. Developmental origin of health and disease. J Physiol 572: 3-4, 2005.
32. Ong KK. Size at birth, postnatal growth and risk of obesity. Horm Res 65 Suppl 3: 65-69, 2006.
33. Ross MG, El-Haddad M, DeSai M, Gayle D, Beall MH. Unopposed orexic pathways in the developing fetus. Physiol Behav 79: 79-88, 2003.
34. Schwartz MW, Woods SC, Porte D Jr, Seeley RJ, Baskin DG. Central nervous system control of food intake. Nature 404: 661-671, 2000.
35. Taylor PD, Poston L. Developmental programming of obesity in mammals. Exp Physiol 92: 287-298, 2007.
36. Wallace JM, Luther JS, Milne JS, Aitken RP, Redmer DA, Reynolds LP, Hay WW Jr. Nutritional modulation of adolescent pregnancy outcome. Placenta 27: S61-S68, 2006.
37. Wallace JM, Milne JS, Aitken RP. Maternal growth hormone treatment from day 35 to 80 of gestation alters nutrient partitioning in favor of uteroplacental growth in the overnourished adolescent sheep. Biol Reprod 70: 1277-1285, 2004.
38. Warnes KE, Morris MJ, Symonds ME, Phillips ID, Clarke IJ, Owens JA, McMillen IC. Effects of increasing gestation, cortisol and maternal undernutrition on hypothalamic neuropeptide Y expression in the sheep fetus. J Neuroendocrinol 10: 51-57, 1998.
39. Williams LM, Adam CL, Mercer JG, Moar KM, Slater D, Hunter L, Findlay PA, Hoggard N. Leptin receptor and NPY gene expression in the sheep brain. J Neuroendocrinol 11: 165-169, 1998.
40. Yuen BSJ, McMillen IC, Symonds ME, Owens PC. Abundance of leptin mRNA in fetal adipose tissue is related to fetal body weight. J Endocrinol 163: R11-R14, 1999.