A Bacillus thuringiensis strain producing a polyglutamate capsule resembling that of Bacillus anthracis

FEMS Microbiology Letters

Volumn 285, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 220-226

  Cachat, Elise ^a,c   Barker, Margaret ^a   Read, Timothy D ^b   Priest, Fergus G ^a  

^a HERIOT WATT UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^c MOREDUN RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus cereus; Bacillus thuringiensis; Capsule; MLST; Polyglutamic acid

Indexed keywords

POLYGLUTAMIC ACID;

ARTICLE; BACILLUS ANTHRACIS; BACILLUS CEREUS; BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS; BACTERIAL GENE; BACTERIAL MEMBRANE; BACTERIAL STRAIN; BIOSYNTHESIS; CAP GENE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE; HOUSEKEEPING GENE; MULTILOCUS SEQUENCE TYPING; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENY; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANTIBODIES, BACTERIAL; BACILLUS ANTHRACIS; BACILLUS CEREUS; BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS; BACTERIAL CAPSULES; BACTERIAL TYPING TECHNIQUES; GENES, BACTERIAL; GENOTYPE; MULTIGENE FAMILY; PHYLOGENY; PLASMIDS; POLYGLUTAMIC ACID; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY;

BACILLUS ANTHRACIS; BACILLUS CEREUS; BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS; BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS SEROVAR MONTERREY; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS);

EID: 47349083794     PISSN: 03781097     EISSN: 15746968     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01231.x     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Barker M, Thakker B Priest FG (2005) Multilocus sequence typing reveals that Bacillus cereus strains isolated from clinical infections have distinct phylogenetic origins. FEMS Microbiol Lett 245 : 179 184.
2. Berry C, O'Neil S, Ben-Dov E, Jones AF, Murphy L, Quail MA, Holden MT, Harris D, Zaritsky A Parkhill J (2002) Complete sequence and organization of pBtoxis, the toxin-coding plasmid of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. Appl Environ Microbiol 68 : 5082 5095.
3. Candela T Fouet A (2005) Bacillus anthracis capD, belonging to the γ-glutamyltranspeptidase family, is required for the covalent anchoring of capsule to peptidoglycan. Mol Microbiol 57 : 717 726.
4. Candela T Fouet A (2006) Poly-gamma-glutamate in bacteria. Mol Microbiol 60 : 1091 1098.
5. Crickmore N (2006) Beyond the spore - past and future developments of Bacillus thuringiensis as a biopesticide. J Appl Microbiol 101 : 616 619.
6. De BK, Bragg SL, Sanden GN et al 2002) A two-component direct fluorescent-antibody assay for rapid identification of Bacillus anthracis. Emerg Infect Dis 8 : 1060 1065.
7. Ehling-Schulz M, Fricker M, Grallert H, Rieck P, Wagner M Scherer S (2006) Cereulide synthetase gene cluster from emetic Bacillus cereus: structure and location on a mega virulence plasmid related to Bacillus anthracis toxin plasmid pXO1. BMC Microbiol 6 : 20.
8. Gertz EM, Yu Y-K, Agarwala R, Schäffer AA Altschul SF (2006) Composition-based statistics and translated nucleotide searches: improving the TBLASTN module of BLAST. BMC Biology 4 : 41.
9. Ghelardi E, Celandroni F, Salvetti S, Fiscarelli E Senesi S (2007) Bacillus thuringiensis pulmonary infection: critical role for bacterial membrane-damaging toxins and host neutrophils. Microbes Infect 9 : 591 598.
10. Han CS, Xie G, Challacombe JF et al 2006) Pathogenomic sequence analysis of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis isolates closely related to Bacillus anthracis. J Bacteriol 188 : 3382 3390.
11. Heninger S, Drysdale M, Lovchik J, Hutt J, Lipscomb MF, Koehler TM Lyons CR (2006) Toxin-deficient mutants of Bacillus anthracis are lethal in a murine model for pulmonary anthrax. Infect Immun 74 : 6067 6074.
12. Hernandez E, Ramisse F, Ducoureau JP, Cruel T Cavallo JD (1998) Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. konkukian (serotype H34) superinfection: case report and experimental evidence of pathogenicity in immunosuppressed mice. J Clin Microbiol 36 : 2138 2139.
13. Hoffmaster AR, Ravel J, Rasko DA et al 2004) Identification of anthrax toxin genes in a Bacillus cereus associated with an illness resembling inhalation anthrax. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101 : 8449 8454.
14. Hoffmaster AR, Hill KK, Gee JE et al 2006) Characterization of Bacillus cereus isolates associated with fatal pneumonias: strains are closely related to Bacillus anthracis and harbor B. anthracis virulence genes. J Clin Microbiol 44 : 3352 3360.
15. Jensen GB, Wilcks A, Petersen SS, Damgaard J, Baum JA Andrup L (1995) The genetic basis of the aggregation system in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis is located on the large conjugative plasmid pXO16. J. Bacteriol 177 : 2914 2917.
16. Kambourova M, Tangney M Priest FG (2001) Regulation of polyglutamic acid synthesis by glutamate in Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis. Appl Environ Microbiol 67 : 1004 1007.
17. Kim K, Cheon E, Wheeler KE, Youn Y, Leighton TJ, Park C, Kim W Chung SI (2005a) Determination of the most closely related Bacillus isolates to Bacillus anthracis by multilocus sequence typing. Yale J Biol Med 78 : 1 14.
18. Kim K, Seo J, Wheeler K, Park C, Kim D, Park S, Kim W, Chung SI Leighton T (2005b) Rapid genotypic detection of Bacillus anthracis and the Bacillus cereus group by multiplex real-time PCR melting curve analysis. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 43 : 301 310.
19. Klee SR, Özel M, Appel B et al 2006) Characterization of Bacillus anthracis-like bacteria isolated from wild great apes from Côte d'Ivoire and Camaroon. J Bacteriol 188 : 5333 5344.
20. Kumar S, Tamura K Nei M (2004) MEGA3: integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Briefings Bioinform 5 : 150 163.
21. Luna VA, King DS, Peak KK et al 2006) Bacillus anthracis virulent plasmid pX02 genes found in large plasmids of two other Bacillus species. J Clin Microbiol 44 : 2367 2377.
22. Margulies M, Egholm M, Altman WE et al 2005) Genome sequencing in microfabricated high-density picolitre reactors. Nature 437 : 376 380.
23. Miller JM, Hair JG, Hebert M, Hebert L, Roberts FJ Jr. Weyant RS (1997) Fulminating bacteremia and pneumonia due to Bacillus cereus. J Clin Microbiol 35 : 504 507.
24. Mock M Fouet A (2001) Anthrax. Annu Rev Microbiol 55 : 647 671.
25. Pannucci J, Okinaka RT, Williams E, Sabin R, Ticknor LO Kuske CR (2002) DNA sequence conservation between the Bacillus anthracis pXO2 plasmid and genomic sequence from closely related bacteria. BMC Genomics 3 : 34.
26. Peak KK, Duncan KE, Veguilla W et al 2007) Bacillus acidiceler sp. nov., isolated from a forensic specimen, containing Bacillus anthracis pX02 genes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57 : 2031 2036.
27. Priest FG, Barker M, Baillie LW, Holmes EC Maiden MC (2004) Population structure and evolution of the Bacillus cereus group. J Bacteriol 186 : 7959 7970.
28. Ramisse V, Patra G, Garrigue H, Guesdon JL Mock M (1996) Identification and characterization of Bacillus anthracis by multiplex PCR analysis of sequences on plasmids pXO1 and pXO2 and chromosomal DNA. FEMS Microbiol Lett 145 : 9 16.
29. Sergeev N, Distler M, Vargas M, Chizhikov V, Herold KE Rasooly A (2006) Microarray analysis of Bacillus cereus group virulence factors. J Microbiol Methods 65 : 488 502.
30. Sue D, Hoffmaster AR, Popovic T Wilkins PP (2006) Capsule production in Bacillus cereus strains associated with severe pneumonia. J Clin Microbiol 44 : 3426 3428.
31. Van der Auwera GA, Andrup L Mahillon J (2005) Conjugative plasmid pAW63 brings new insights into the genesis of the Bacillus anthracis virulence plasmid pXO2 and of the Bacillus thuringiensis plasmid pBT9727. BMC Genomics 6 : 103.
32. Vassileva M, Torii K, Oshimoto M, Okamoto A, Agata N, Yamada K, Hasegawa T Ohta M (2006) Phylogenetic analysis of Bacillus cereus isolates from severe systemic infections using multilocus sequence typing scheme. Microbiol Immunol 50 : 743 749.