Paleotectonic position of the Strandja Massif and surrounding continental blocks based on zircon Pb-Pb age studies

International Geology Review

Volumn 50, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 519-545

  Sunal, Gürsel ^a,b   Satir, Muharrem ^a   Natal'in, Boris A ^b   Toraman, Erkan ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

^b ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^c Saint Louis University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOTITE; CONTINENTAL MARGIN; LEAD-LEAD DATING; METASEDIMENT; METASEDIMENTARY ROCK; PALEOZOIC; TECTONIC SETTING; ZIRCON;

EURASIA; STRANDJA MOUNTAINS;

CORA;

EID: 47249115390     PISSN: 00206814     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2747/0020-6814.50.6.519     Document Type: Article

References (137)

1. Abdelsalam, M. G., Liégeois, J. P., and Stern, R. J., 2002, The Saharan metacraton: Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 34, p. 119-136.
2. Aftalion, M., Bibikova, E. V., Bowes, D. R., Hopgood, A. M., and Perchuk, L. L., 1991, Timing of early Proterozoic collisional and extensional events in the granulite-gneiss-charnokite-granite complex, Lake Baikal, USSR: A U-Pb, Rb-Sr, and Sm-Nd isotopic study: Journal of Geology, v. 99, p. 851-862.
3. Altherr, R., Henes-Klaiber, U., Hegner, E., Satir, M., and Langer, C., 1999, Plutonism in the Variscan Odenwald (Germany): From subduction to collision: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 88, p. 422-443.
4. Amelin, Y. A., Larin, A. M., and Tucker, R. D., 1997, Chronology of multiphase emplacement of the Salmi rapakivi granite-anorthosite complex, Baltic Shield: Implications for magmatic evolution: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 127, p. 353-368.
5. Anders, B., Reischmann, T., Kostopoulos, D., and Poller, U., 2005, The oldest rocks of Greece: First evidence for a Precambrian terrane within the Pelagonian Zone: Geological Magazine, v. 142, no. 5, p. 1-18.
6. Andersen, T., 2005, Detrital zircons as tracers of sedimentary provenance: Limiting conditions from statistics and numerical simulation: Chemical Geology, v. 216, p. 249-270.
7. Atanasova-Vladimirova, S., Mavrudchiev, B., von Quadt, A., Peyteheva, I., and Georgiev. S., 2004, Petroogy and geochemistry of lamprophyric dykes in the Vitosha pluton: Bulgarian Geological Society, Annual Scientific Conference, Geology, December 16-17, p. 100-102.
8. Avigad, D., Kolodner, K., McWilliams, M., Persing, H., and Weissbrod, D., 2003, Origin of northern Gondwana Cambrian sandstone revealed by detrital zircon SHRIMP dating: Geological Society of America, v. 31, no. 3, p. 227-230.
9. Aydin, Y., 1974, Etude petrographique et geochimique de la partie centrale do Massif d'Istranca (Turquie): Unpubl. master's thesis, University of Nancy, no Ac 10415, 164 p.
10. Aydin, Y., 1982, Geology of the Yιldιz (Istranca) Mountains: Unpubl. doctoral thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, 1982, 106 p.
11. Bagiński, B., and Krzemińska, E., 2005, Various kinds of charnockitic rocks from NE Poland: Mineralogical Society of Poland - Special Papers, no. 26, p. 13-17.
12. Bonin, B., 1998. Orogenic to non-Orogenic magmatic events: overview of the late Variscan magmatic evolution of the Alpine belt: Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 7, p. 133-143.
13. Boyanov, I., Ruseva, M., Toprakcieva, V., and Dimitrova, E., 1990, Lithostratigraphy of the Mesozoic rocks from the Eastern Rhodopes: Geologica Balcanica, v. 20, p. 3-28.
14. Çaǧlayan, A. M., Şengün, M., and Yurtsever, A., 1988, Main Fault systems shaping the Istranca Massif, Turkey: Journal of Pure and Applied Science, Series A, Geosciences, v. 21, p. 145-154.
15. Carrigan, C. W., Mukasa, S. B., Haydoutov, I., and Kolcheva, K., 2003, Ion microprobe U-Pb zircon ages of pre-Alpine rocks in the Balkan, Sredna Gora, and Rhodope terranes of Bulgari: Constraints on Neoproterozoic and Variscan tectonic evolution: Journal of the Czech Geological Society, v. 48, p. 32-33.
16. Carrigan, C. W., Mukasa, S. B., Haydoutov, I., and Kolcheva, K., 2005. Age of Variscan magmatism from the Bulgarian sector of the orogen: Lithos, v. 82, p. 125-147.
17. Cawood, P. A., and Nemchin, A. A., 2000. Provenance record of a rift basin: U/Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Perth Basin, Western Australia: Sedimentary Geology, v. 134, p. 209-234.
18. Chatalov, G., 1988, Recent developments I. The geology of the Strandja Zone in Bulgaria: Bulletin of the Technical University of Istanbul, v. 41, p. 433-466.
19. Chen, F., Siebel, W., Satir, M., Terzioǧlu, N., and Saka K., 2002, Late Proterozoic continental accretion in north-western Turkey: Evidence from zircon U-Pb and Pb-Pb dating and Nd-Sr isotopes: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 91, p. 469-481.
20. Cocks, L. R. M., and Torsvik, T. H., 2005, Baltica from the late Precambrian to mid-Palaeozoic times: The gain and loss of a terrane's identity: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 72, p. 39-66.
21. Compston, W., Sambridge, M. S., Reinfrank, R. F., Moczydłowska, M., Vidal, G., and Claesson, S., 1995, Numerical ages of volcanic rocks and the earliest faunal zone within the late Precambrian of East Poland: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 152, p. 599-611.
22. da Silva, L. C., McNaughton, N. J., Amstrong, R., Hartmann, L. A., and Fletcher, I. R., 2005, The neoproterozoic Mantiqueira Province and its African connections: a zircon-based U-Pb geochronologic subdivision for the Brasiliano/Pan-African systems of orogens: Precambrian Research, v. 136, p. 203-240.
23. Dannat, C., 1997, Geochemistry, geochronology and Nd-Sr isotopy of granitoid core gneisses of the Menderes Massif, southwest Turkey: Unpubl. Ph.D. thesis, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany, 120 p.
24. Dörr, W., Belka, Z., Marheine, D., Schastok, J., Valverde-Vaquero, P., and Wiszniewska, J., 2002, U-Pb and Ar-Ar geochronology of anorogenic granite magmatism of the Mazury complex NE Poland: Precambrian Research, v. 119, p. 101-120.
25. Drost, K., Linnemann, U., Fatka, O., Kraft, P., Gehmlich, M., Tonk, C., and Marek, J., 2003, Neoproterozoic-early Palaeozoic geotectonic history of a Gondwana-derived terrane in Central Europe (Tepla-Barrandian, Bohemian massif) [abs.], in 99th Annual Meeting, Geological Society of America, April 1-3, Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, Abstracts.
26. Fernández-Suárez, J., Dunning, G. R., Jenner, G. A., and Gutiérrez-Alonso, G., 2000, Variscan collisional magmatism and deformation in NW Iberia: Constraints from U-Pb geochronology of granitoids: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 157, p. 565-576.
27. Fernández-Suárez, J., Gutiérrez-Alonso, G., and Jeffries, T. E., 2002, The importance of along-margin terrane transport in northern Gondwana: Insights from detrital zircon parentage in Neoproterozoic rocks from Iberia and Brittany: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 204, p. 75-88.
28. Finger, F., Roberts, M. P., Haunschmid, B., Schermaier, A., and Steyrer, H. P., 1997, Variscan granitoids of central Europe: Their typology, potential sources, and tectonothermal relations: Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 61, p. 67-96.
29. Franke, W., 1989, Tectonostratigraphic units in the Variscan belt of Central Europe: Geological Society of America Special Paper 230, p. 67-90.
30. Friedl, G., Finger, F., McNaughton, N. J., and Fletcher, I. R., 2000, Deducing the ancestry of terranes: SHRIMP evidence for South America-derived Gondwana fragments in central Europe: Geology, v. 8, p. 1035-1038.
31. Friedl, G., Finger, F., Paquette, J. L., von Quadt, A., McNaughton, N. J., and Fletcher, I. R., 2004, Pre-Variscan geological events in the Austrian part of the Bohemian Massif deduced from U-Pb zircon ages: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 93, p. 802-823.
32. Gaweda, A., Wiszniewska, J., and Dörr, W., 2005, Polystage mafic plutonism within Amcg Mazury Complex - the Sejny IG-1 Borehole, NE Poland: Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, no. 26, p. 36-39.
33. Gebauer, D., Williams, I. S., Compston, W., and Grünfelder, M., 1989, The development of Central European continental crust since the Early Archaean based on conventional and ion-microprobe dating of up to 3.84 b.y.-old detrital zircons: Tectonophysics, v. 157, p. 81-96.
34. Geisler, T., Vinx, R., Martin-Gombojav, N., and Pidgeon, R. T., 2005, Ion microprobe (SHRIMP) dating of detrital zircon grains from quartzites of the Eckergneiss Complex, Harz Mountains (Germany): Implications for the provenance and the geological history, International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 94, p. 369-384.
35. Gessner, K., Collins, A. S., Ring, U., and Güngör, T., 2004, Structural and thermal history of poly-orogenic basement: U-Pb geochronology of granitoid rocks in the southern Menderes Massif, western Turkey: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 161, p. 93-101.
36. Gessner, K., Piazolo, S., Güngör, T., Ring, U., Kröner, A., and Passchier, C. W. 2001, Tectonic significance of deformation patterns in granitoid rocks of the Menderes nappes, Anatolide belt, southwest Turkey: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 89, p. 766-780.
37. Hegner, E., and Kröner, A., 2000, Review of Nd isotopic data and xenocrystic and detrital zircon ages from the pre-Variscan basement in the eastern Bohemian Massif: Speculations on 780 palinspastic reconstructions: Geological Society of London, Special Publication, 179, p. 113-129.
38. Hetzel, R., and Reischmann, T., 1996, Intrusion age of Pan-African augen gneisses in the southern Menderes Massif and the age of cooling after Alpine ductile extensional deformation: Geological Magazine, v. 133, p. 565-572.
39. Hetzel, R., Romer, R. L., Candan, O., and Passehier, C. W., 1998, Geology of the Bozdaǧ area, central Menderes massif, SW Turkey: Pan-African basement and Alpine deformation: Geologische Rundschau, v. 87, p. 394-406.
40. Holub, F. V., Cocherie, A., and Rossi, P., 1997, Radiometric dating of granitic rocks from the Central Bohemian plutonic complex (Czech Republic): Constraints on the chronology of the thermal and tectonic events along the Moldanubian-Barrandian boundary: Comptes Rendus de'l Academic des Sciences de Paris: Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 325, p. 19-26.
41. Janoušeck, V., and Gerdes, A., 2003, Timing the magmatic activity within the Central Bohemian pluton, Czech Republic: Conventional U-Pb ages for the Sázava and Tábor intrusions and their geotectonic significance: Journal of the Czech Geological Society, v. 48, p. 70-71.
42. Janoušek, V., Braithwaite, C. J. R., Bowes, D. R., and Gerdes, A., 2004, Magma-mixing in the genesis of Hercynian calc-alkaline granitoids: An integrated petrographic and geochemical study of the Sázava intrusion, Central Bohemian Pluton, Czech Republic: Lithos, v. 78, p. 67-99.
43. Johnson, S. P., Rivers, T., and De Waele, B., 2005, A review of the Mesoproterozoic to early Palaeozoic magmatic and tectonothermal history of south-central Africa: Implications for Rodinia and Gondwana: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 162, p. 433-450.
44. Kalt, A., Corfu, F., and Wijbrans, J. R., 2000, Time calibration of a P-T path from a Variscan high-temperature low-pressure metamorphic complex (Bayerischer Wald, Germany), and the detection of inherited monazite: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 138, p. 143-163.
45. Kalt, A., Hanel, M., Schleicher, H., and Kramm, U., 1994, Petrology and geochronology of eclogites from the Variscan Schwarzwald (FRG): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 115, p. 287-302.
46. Kalvoda, J., Leichmann, J., Bábek, O., and Melichar, R., 2003, Brunovistualian terrane (Central Europe) and Istanbul Zone (NW Turkey): Late Proterozoic and Paleozoic tectonostratigraphic development and paleogeography: Geologica Carpathica, v. 54, no. 3, p. 1-14.
47. Keay, S., and Lister, G., 2002, African provenance for the metasediments and metaigneous rocks of the Cyclades, Aegean Sea, Greece: Geological Society of America, v. 30, no. 3, p. 235-238.
48. Khudoley, A. K., Rainbird, R. H., Stern, R. A., Kropachev, A. P., Heaman, L. M., Zanin, A. M., Podkovyrov, V. N., Belova, V. N., and Sukhorukov, V. I., 2001, Sedimentary evolution of the Riphean-Vendian basin of south-eastern Siberia: Precambrian Research, v. 111, p. 129-163.
49. Klimas, K., Fanning, M., Madej, S., Kryza, R., and Oberc-Dziedzic, T., 2003, Morphology and SHRIMP study of zircons from the Light Stachów Gneisses (Lipowe Hills, fore-Sudetic block): Petrological implications: Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, no. 23, p. 81-83.
50. Klötzli, U. S., Koller, F., Scharbert, S., and Höck, V., 2001, Cadomian lower-crustal contributions to Variscan granite petrogenesis (South Bohemian pluton, Austria): Constraints from zircon typology and geochronology, whole-rock, and feldspar Pb-Sr isotope systematics: Journal of Petrology, v. 42, p. 1621-1642.
51. 206Pb age investigations on single zircons using a double-filament thermal ion source: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 93, p. 481-490.
52. 206Pb age investigations using thermal ion mass spectrometry, and implications to zirconology: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 96, p. 63-71.
53. Koralay, O. E., Dora, O. Ö., Chen, F., Satir, M., and Candan, O., 2004, Geochemistry and geochronology of orthogneisses in the Derbent (Alasehir) area, eastern part of the Ödemis-Kiraz submassif, Menderes massif: Pan-African magmatic activity: Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 13, p. 37-61.
54. Kröner, A., Hegner, E., Hammer, J., Haase, G., Bielicki, K.H., Krauss, M., and Eidam, J., 1994, Geochronology and Nd-Sr systematics of Lusatian granitoids: Significance for the evolution of the Variscan orogen in east-central Europe: Geologische Rundschau, v. 83, p. 357-376.
55. Kröner, A., Jaeckel, P., Hegener, E., and Olpetal, O., 2001, Single zircon ages and whole-rock Nd isotopic systematics of early Palaeozoic granitoid gneisses from the Czech and Polish Sudetes (Jizerské hory, Krkonose Mountains and Orlice-Sneznik Complex): International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 90, p. 217-233.
56. Kröner, A., O'Brien, P. J., Nemchin, A. A., and Pidgeon, R. T., 2000, Zircon ages for high-pressure granulites from South Bohemia, Czech Republic, and their connection to the Carboniferous high temperature processes: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 138, p. 127-142.
57. Kröner, A., and Sengör, A. M. C., 1990, Archean and Proterozoic ancestry in late Precambrian to early Paleozoic crustal elements of southern Turkey as revealed by single-zircon dating: Geology, v. 18, p. 1186-1190.
58. Kröner, A., Wendt, I., Liew, T. C., Compston, W., Todt, W., Fiala, J., Vankova, V., and Vanek, J., 1988, U-Pb zircon and Sm-Nd model ages of high-grade Moldanubian metasediments, Bohemian massif, Czechoslovakia: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 99, p. 257-266.
59. Kröner, A., and Willner, A. P., 1998, Time of formation and peak of Variscan HP-HT metamorphism of quartz-feldspar rocks in the central Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 132, p. 1-20.
60. Linnemann, U., McNaughton, N. J., Romer, R. L., Gehmlich, M., Drost, K., and Tonk, C., 2004, West African provenance for Saxo-Thuringia (Bohemian massif): Did Armorica ever leave pre-Pangean Gondwana? U/Pb- SHRIMP zircon evidence and Nd-isotopic record: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 93, p. 683-705.
61. Loos, S., and Reischmann, T., 1999, The evolution of the southern Menderes Massif in SW Turkey as revealed by zircon dating: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 156, p. 1021-1030.
62. Ludwig, K. R., 2003, Isoplot 3.0: A geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel: Berkeley, CA, Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication no. 4.
63. Malinov, O., von Quadt, A., Peytcheva, I., Aladjov, T., Aladjov, A., Naydenova, S., and Djambazov, S., 2004, The Klissura granite in the western Balkan - questions and answers from new field and isotope studies, in Bulgarian Geological Society, Annual Scientific Conference, Geology, December, 16-17.
64. Matte, P., 1986, Tectonics and plate tectonics model for the Variscan belt of Europe: Tectonophysics, v. 126, p. 329-374.
65. Matte, P., 2001, The Variscan collage and orogeny (480-290 Ma) and the tectonic definition of the Armorica microplate: A review: Terra Nova, v. 13, p. 122-128.
66. Mazur, S., Turniak, K., and Bröcker, M., 2004, Neoproterozoic and Cambro-Ordovician magmatism in the Variscan Kłodzko metamorphic complex (West Sudetes, Poland): New insights from U/Pb zircon dating: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 93, p. 758-772.
67. Morgan, J. W., Stein, H. J., Hannah, J. L., Markey, R. J., and Wiszniewska, J., 2000, Re-Os study of Fe-Ti-V oxide and Fe-Cu-Ni sulfide deposits, Suwalki Anorthosite Massif, northeast Poland: Mineralium Deposita, v. 35, p. 391-401.
68. Motuza, G., 2005, Structure and formation of the cystalline crust in Lithuania: Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers 26, p. 69-79.
69. Murphy, J. B., Keppie, J. D., Dostal, J., and Nance, R. D., 1999, Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic evolution of Avalonia, in Ramos, V. S., and Keppie, J. D., eds., Laurentia-Gondwana connections before Pangea: Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America Special Paper 336, p. 253-266.
70. Murphy, J. B., Pisarevsky, S. A., Nance, R. D., and Keppie, J. D., 2004, Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic evolution of peri-Gondwanan terranes: Implications for Laurentia-Gondwana connections: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 93, p. 659-682.
71. Muszyński, A., Machowiak, K., Kryza, R., and Armstrong, R., 2002, SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Late Variscan Żeleźniak Rhyolite intrusion, Polish Sudetes - preliminary results: Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers 20, p. 156-158.
72. Nance, R. D., and Murphy, J. B., 1994, Contrasting basement isotopic signatures and the palinspastic restoration of peripheral orogens: Example from the Neoproterozoic Avalonian-Cadomian belt: Geology, v. 22, p. 617-620.
73. Natal'in, B., 2006, Paleozoic evolution of the northern margin of Paleo-Tethys, in Tomurhuu, D., Natal'in, B., Ariunchimeg, Y., Khishigsuren, S., and Erdenesaikhan, G., eds., Second International Workshop and Field Excursions for IGCP Project-480. Structural and tectonic correlation across the Central Asian orogenic collage: Implications for continental growth and intracontinental deformation [abs.], in Abstracts and Excursion Guidebook: Ulaanbaatar, Institute of Geology and Mineral Recourses, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, p. 33-36.
74. Natal'in, B. A., Satir, M., Sunal, G., and Toraman, E., 2005a, Structural and metamorphic evolution of the Strandja massif. Project No: 101Y010: Ankara, Turkey, Unpubl. report, Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey.
75. Natal'in, B., Sunal, G., and Toraman, E., 2005b, The Strandja arc: Anatomy of collision after long-lived arc-parallel tectonic transport, in Sklyarov, E. V., ed., Structural and tectonic correlation across the Central Asia orogenic collage: Northeastern Segment. Guidebook and abstract volume of the Siberian Workshop IGCP-480: Irkutsk, Russia, Russian Academy of Sciences, p. 240-245.
76. Nemchin, A. A., and Cawood, P. A., 2005., Discordance of the U-Pb system in detrital zircons: Implication for provenance studies of sedimentary rocks: Sedimentary Geology, v. 182, p. 143-162.
77. O'Brien, P. J., and Carswell, D. A., 1993, Tectonometamorphic evolution of the Bohemian Massif. Evidence from high-pressure metamorphic rocks: Geologische Rundschau, v. 82, p. 531-555.
78. O'Brien, P. J., Carswell, D. A., and Gebauer, D., 1990, Eclogite formation and distribution in the European Variscides, in Carswell, D. A., ed., Eclogite-facies rocks: Glasgow, UK, Blackie, p. 204-224.
79. O'Brien, P. J., Kröner, A., Jaeckel, P., Hegner, E., Zelaázniewicz, A., and Kryza, R., 1997, Petrological and isotopic studies on Palaeozoic high-pressure granulites, Göry Sowie Mts., Polish Sudetes: Journal of Petrology, v. 38, p. 433-456.
80. Okay, A. L, Sengör, A. M. C., and Görür, N., 1994, Kinematic history of the opening of the Black Sea and its effect on the surrounding regions: Geology, v. 22, p. 267-270.
81. Okay, A. I., Satir, M., Maluski, H., Siyako, M., Monie, P., Metzger, R., and Akyüz, S., 1996, Paleo- and neo-Tethyan events in northwestern Turkey: Geologic and geochronological constraints, in Yin, A., and Harrison, M., eds., The tectonic evolution of Asia: Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press, p. 420-441.
82. Okay, A. I., Satir, M., and Siebel, S., 2006, Pre-Alpide Palaeozoic and Mesozoic orogenic events in the Eastern Mediterranean region: Geological Society, London, Memoirs, v. 32, p. 389-405.
83. Okay, A. I., Satir, M., Tüysüz, O., Akyüz, S., and Fukun, C., 2001, The tectonics of the Strandja Massif. Late Variscan and mid-Mesozoic deformation and metamorphism in the Northern Aegean: Internal Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 90, p. 217-233.
84. Okay, A. I., and Tüysüz, O., 1999, Tethyan sutures of northern Turkey, in Durand, B., Jolivet, L., Horvath, F., and Seranne, M., eds., The Mediterranean basins: Tertiary extension within the Alpine orogen: Geological Society, London, Special Publication 156, p. 475-515.
85. Özgül, N., 1984, Stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of the Central Taurides, in Tekeli, O. and Göncüoglu, M. C., eds., International Symposium on the Geology of the Taurus Belt, p. 77-90.
86. Paeckelmann, W., 1925. Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Devons am Bosphorus, insbesondere in Bithynien: Abhandlung Preuss. Geol. L.-Â., N.F., no. 98.
87. Paeckelmann, W., 1938. Neue Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Geologie, Paläontologie und Pétrographie der Umgegend von Konstantinopel: Abhandlung Preuss. Geol. L-A., N. F., no. 186.
88. Pe Piper, G., and Piper, D. J. W., 2001, Late Cenozoic, post-collisional Aegean igneous rocks: Nd, Pb, and Sr isotopic constraints on petrogenetic and tectonic models: Geological Magazine, v. 138, no. 6, p. 653-668.
89. Persson, A. I., 1999, Absolute (U-Pb) and relative age determinations of intrusive rocks in the Ragunda rapakivi complex, central Sweden: Precambrian Research, v. 95, p. 109-127.
90. 39 Ar timing of emplacement and exhumation and isotope-geochemical features: Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 82, p. 1-32.
91. Rainbird, R. H., Stern, R. A., Khudoley, A. K., Kropachev, A. P., Heaman, L. M., and Sukhorukov, V. I., 1998, U-Pb geochronology of Riphean sandstone and gabbro from southeast Siberia and its bearing on the Laurentia-Siberia connection: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 164, p. 409-420.
92. Räm,̈ O. T., and Haapala, I., 1996, Rapakivi granite magmatism: A global review with emphasis on petrogenesis, in Deaiffe, D., ed., Petrology and geochemistry of magmatic suites of rocks in continental and oceanic crusts. A volume dedicated to Professor Jean Michot: Brussels, Belgium: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Royal Museum of Central Africa (Tervuren), p. 177-200.
93. Ring, U., and Collins, A. S., 2005, U-Pb SIMS dating of synkinematic granites: Timing of core-complex formation in the northern Anatolide belt of western Turkey: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 162, p. 289-298.
94. Ring, U., Gessner, K., Güngör, T., and Passchier, C. W., 1999, The Menderes Massif of western Turkey and the Cycladic Massif in the Aegean - do they really correlate?: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 156, p. 3-6.
95. Romer, R. L., and Rötzler, J., 2001, P-T-t evalution of ultrahigh-temperature granulites from the Saxon granulite Massif, Germany. Part II: Geochronology: Journal of Petrology, v. 42, p. 2015-2032.
96. Salnikova, E. B., Sergeev, S. A., Kotov, A. B., Yakovleva, S. Z, Steiger, R. H, Reznitskiy, L. Z., and Vasil'yev, E. P., 1998, U-Pb dating of granulite metamorphism in the Sludyansky complex, Eastern Siberia: Gondwana Research, v. 1, no. 2, p. 195-205.
97. Samson, S. D., D'lemos, R. D., Miller, B. V., and Hamilton, M. A., 2005, Neoproterozoic palaeogeography of the Cadomia and Avalon terranes: Constraints from detrital zircon U-Pb ages: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 162, p. 65-71.
98. Schaltegger, U., 1997, Magma pulses in the Central Variscan Belt: Episodic melt generation and emplacement during lithospheric thinning: Terra Nova, v. 9, p. 242-245.
99. Schaltegger, U., 2000, U-Pb geochronology of the southern Black Forest Batholith (Central Variscan Belt): Timing of exhumation and granite emplacement: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 88, p. 814-828.
100. Scotese, C. R., and McKerrow, W. S., 1990, Revised world maps and introduction, in McKerrow, W. S., and Scotese, C. R., eds., Palaezoic palaegeography and biogeography: Memoirs, Geological Society of London, no. 12, p. 1-21.
101. Şengör, A. M. C., 1979, The North Anatolian transform fault: Its age, offset and tectonic significance: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 136, p. 269-282.
102. Şengör, A. M. C., and Yilmaz, Y., 1981, Tethyan evolution of Turkey: A plate tectonic approach: Tectonophysics, v. 75, p. 181-241.
103. Şengör, A. M. C., Yilmaz, Y., and Sungurlu, O., 1984, Tectonics of the Mediterranean Cimmerides: Nature and evolution of the western termination of Paleo-Tethys, in Dixon, J. E., and Robinson, A. H. F., eds., The geological evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean: Geological Society of London Special Publication 17, p. 77-112.
104. Siebel, W., 1994, Inferences about magma mixing and thermal events from isotopic variations in redwitzites near the KTB site: KTB Report, v. 94, no. 3, p. 157-164.
105. Siebel, W, Chen, F., and Satir, M., 2003, Late Variscan magmatism revisited: New implications from Pb-evaporation zircon ages on the emplacement of redwitzites and granites in NE Bavaria: International Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 92, p. 36-53.
106. Sircombe, K. N., 2004. AGEDISPLAY: An EXCEL workbook to evaluate and display univariate geochronological data using binned frequency histograms and probability density distributions: Computers and Geosciences, v. 30, no. 1, p. 21-31.
107. Sircombe, K. N., and Hazelton, M. L., 2004, Comparison of detrital age distributions by kernel functional estimation: Sedimentary Geology, v. 171, p. 91-111.
108. Söllner, F., Nelson, D., Miller, H., 1997, Provenance deposition and age of gneiss units from the KTB drill hole (Germany): Evidence from SHRIMP and conventional U-Pb zircon age determinations: Geologische Rundschau, v. 86 (suppl.), p. 235-250.
109. Stacey, J. S., and Kramers, J. D., 1975, Approximation of terrestrial lead isotope evolution by a two-stage model: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 26, p. 207-221.
110. Strnad, L., and Mihaljevic, M., 2005, Sedimentary provenance of mid-Devonian clastic sediments in the Tepla-Barrandian Unit (Bohemian massif): U-Pb and Pb-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons by laser ablation ICP-MS: Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 84, p. 47-68.
111. Sultan, M., Tucker, R. D., El Alfy, Z., and Attia, R., 1994, U-Pb (zircon) ages for the gneissic terrane west of Nile, southern Egypt: Geologische Rundschau, v. 83, p. 514-522.
112. Sunal, G., Natal'in, B. A., Satir, M., and Toraman, E., 2006, Paleozoic magmatic events in the Strandja massif, NW Turkey: Geodinamica Acta, v. 19, no. 5, p. 281-298.
113. Tait, J. A., Bachtadse, V., Franke, W., and Soffel, H. C., 1997, Geodynamic evolution of the European Variscan fold belt: Paleomagnetic and geological constraints: Geologische Rundschau, V. 86, p. 585-598.
114. Teixeira, W., Tassinari, C. C. G., Cordani, U. G., and Kawashita, K., 1989, A review of the geochronology of the Amazonian Craton: Tectonic implications: Precambrian Research, v. 42, p. 213-227.
115. Tichomirowa, M., Berger, H. J., Koch, E. A., Belyatski, B.V., Götze, J., Kempe, U., Nasdala, L., and Schaltegger, U., 2001, Zircon ages of high-grade gneisses in the Eastern Erzgebirge (Central European Variscides) - constraints on origin of the rocks and Precambrian to Ordovician magmatic events in the Variscan foldbelt: Lithos, v. 56, p. 303-332.
116. Titorenkova, R., Macheva, L., Zidarov, N., von Quadt, A., and Pejtcheva, I., 2003, Metagranites from southwest Bulgaria as a part of the Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic system in Europe: New insight from zircon typology, U-Pb isotope data, and Hf-tracing [abs.]: Geophysical Research, Abstracts vol. 5, abs. 08963.
117. Torsvik, T. H., 1998, Palaeozoic palaeogeography: A North Atlantic viewpoint: Geological Society of Sweden (G.F.F.), v. 120, p. 109-118.
118. Turniak, K., Mazur, S., and Bröcker, M., 2002, Timing of Pre-Variscan magmatism in the Kłodzko metamorphic complex (Central Sudetes, Poland): First insights from conventional U/Pb zircon dating: Mineralogical Society of Poland - Special Papers, no. 20, p. 214-217.
119. Turniak, K., Mazur, S., Fanning, M., and Bröcker, M., 2005, A record of multi-phase Proterozoic and Palaeozoic magmatism in the Central Sudetes, N Bohemian massif, revealed by SHRIMP zircon dating: Mineralogical Society of Poland - Special Papers, no. 26, p. 274-277.
120. Türkecan, A., and Yurtsever, A., 2002, Geological map of Turkey. Istanbul: Ankara, Turkey, General Derectorate of Mineral Researc and Exploration.
121. Unrug, R., 1997, Rodinia to Gondwana: The geodynamic map of Gondwana supercontinent assembly: GSA Today, v. 7, p. 1-6.
122. Unrug, R., Haranczyk, C., and Chocyk-Jaminska, M., 1999, Easternmost Avalonian and Armorican-Caledonian terranes of Central Europe and Caledonian-Variscan evolution of the polyde-formed Krakow mobile belt: Geological constraints: Tectonopbysics, v. 302, p. 133-157.
123. Ustaömer, P. A., Mundil, R., and Renne, P. R., 2005, U/Pb and Pb/Pb zircon ages for arc-related intrusions of the Bolu Massif (W Pontides, NW Turkey): Evidence for Late Precambrian (Cadomian) age: Terra Nova, v. 17, p. 215-223.
124. van der Voo, R., 1979, Paleozoic assembly of Pangea: A new plate tectonic model for the Taconic, Caledonian, and Hercynian orogenies: EOS (Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, v. 60, p. 241.
125. Vernikovsky, V. A., Vernikovskaya, A. E., Salnikova, E. B., Kotov, A. B., and Kovach, V. P., 2003, Neoproterozoic accretion-collisional events on the western margin of the Siberian craton: New geological and geochronological evidence from the Yenisey Ridge: Tectonophysics, v. 375, nos. 1-4, p. 147-168.
126. von Quadt, A., and Peytcheva, I., 2004, Magmatic evolution of the Cretaceous rocks within the Panagyurishte district (Central Srednegorie, Bulgaria) based on U-Pb and Hf-zircon, Nd and Sr whole rock data, in Bulgarian Geological Society, Annual Scientific Conference, Geology, December 16-17, p. 60-62.
127. von Raumer, J. F., 1998, The Palaeozoic evolution in the Alps: From Gondwana to Pangea: Geologische Rundschau, v. 87, p. 407-435.
128. von Raumer, J. F., Stampfli, G. M., and Bussy, F., 2003, Gondwana-derived microcontinents - the constituents of the Variscan and Alpine collisional orogens: Tectonophysics, v. 365, p. 7-22.
129. Whitney, D. L., Teyssiera, C., Fayona, A. K., Hamilton, M. A., and Heizler, M., 2003, Tectonic controls on metamorphism, partial melting, and intrusion: Timing and duration of regional metamorphism and magmatism in the Niǧde massif, Turkey: Tectonophysics, v. 376, p. 37-60.
130. Wiszniewska, J., 2002, Wiek i geneza rud Fe-Ti-V i skał towarzyszacych w suwalskim masywie anortozytowym (północno-wschodnia Polska): Biulletin PIG, no. 401, 96 p.
131. Wiszniewska, J., Claesson, S., Stein, H., Vander Auwera, J., and Duchesne, J. C., 2002: The north-eastern Polish anorthosite massifs: Petrological, geochemical, and isotopic evidence for a crustal derivation: Terra Nova, v. 14, p. 451-460.
132. Wiszniewska, J., and Krzeminska, E., 2005, Precambrian crystalline basement of northeastern Poland - new approach: Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, no. 26, p. 97-104.
133. Wiszniewska, J., Krzemińska, E., and Williams, I., 2004, Metavolcanic rocks from Łornia, NE Poland: Geochemistry, age and geotectonic interpretation: Mineralogical Society of Poland, Special Papers, no. 24, p. 397-400.
134. Yanev, S., 2000, Palaeozoic terranes of the Balkan Peninsula in the framework of Pangea assembly: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 161, p. 151-177.
135. Yanev, S., Göncüoǧlu, M. C., Boncheva, I., Gedik, I., Lakova, I., Maliakov, Y., Özgül, N., Sachanski, V., Saǧlam, G., and Timur, E., 2004, Correlation of the Paleozoic terranes in Bulgaria and NW Turkey: Preliminary results, in 5th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology, Thessaloniki, Greece, April, 14-20, p. 5-12.
136. Yiǧitbas, E., Kerrich, R., Yilmaz, Y., Elmas, A., and Qianli, X., 2004, Characteristics and geochemistry of Precambrian ophiolites from the Western Pontides, Turkey: Following the missing chain of the Precambrian South European suture zone to the east: Precambrian Research, v. 132, nos. 1-2, p. 179-206.
137. Ziegler, P., 1989, Evolution of Laurussia - a study in late Palaeozoic plate tectonics: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer, 102 p.