Large Waist but Low Body Mass Index: The Metabolic Syndrome in Australian Aboriginal Children

Journal of Pediatrics

Volumn 153, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 222-227

  Sellers, Elizabeth A C ^a   Singh, Gurmeet R ^b   Sayers, Susan M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANITOBA   (Canada)

^b MENZIES SCHOOL OF HEALTH RESEARCH   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABORIGINE; ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION; BODY MASS; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHOOL CHILD; SKINFOLD THICKNESS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE;

AUSTRALIA; BODY COMPOSITION; BODY MASS INDEX; BODY SIZE; CHILD; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OCEANIC ANCESTRY GROUP; PREVALENCE; SKINFOLD THICKNESS;

EID: 47049109857     PISSN: 00223476     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.02.006     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Zhao Y., Guthridge S., Magnus A., and Vos T. Burden of disease and injury in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations in the Northern Territory. Med J Aust 180 (2004) 498-502
2. Daniel M., Rowley K.G., McDermott R., and O'Dea K. Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in Aboriginal Australians: prevalence and risk. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 57 (2002) 23-33
3. Thomas D.P., Condon J.R., Anderson I.P., Li S.Q., Halpin S., Cunningham J., et al. Long-term trends in indigenous deaths from chronic diseases in the Northern Territory: a foot on the brake, a foot on the accelerator. Med J Aust 185 (2006) 145-149
4. Cunningham J., and Condon J.R. Premature mortality in Aboriginal adults in the Northern Territory, 1979-1991. Med J Aust 165 (1996) 309-312
5. Grundy S.M., Pasternak R., Greenland P., Smith Jr. S., and Fuster V. Assessment of cardiovascular risk by use of multiple-risk-factor assessment equations: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology. Circulation 100 (1999) 1481-1492
6. Isomaa B., Almgren P., Tuomi T., Forsen B., Lahti K., Nissen M., et al. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Care 24 (2001) 683-689
7. Malik S., Wong N.D., Franklin S.S., Kamath T.V., L'Italien G.J., Pio J.R., et al. Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults. Circulation 110 (2004) 1245-1250
8. Reaven G. Metabolic syndrome: pathophysiology and implications for management of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 106 (2002) 286-288
9. O'Dea K., and Rowley K.G. Macrovascular disease risk factors and insulin resistance in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. J Diabetes Complications 16 (2002) 9-16
10. Carr D.B., Utzschneider K.M., Hull R.L., Kodama K., Retzlaff B.M., Brunzell J.D., et al. Intra-abdominal fat is a major determinant of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes 53 (2004) 2087-2094
11. Schutte A.E., Shemesh T., Rowley K., Best J.D., McDermott R., and O'Dea K. The metabolic syndrome and changing relationship between blood pressure and insulin with age, as observed in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. Diabetes Med 22 (2005) 1589-1597
12. Cook S., Weitzman M., Auinger P., Nguyen M., and Dietz W.H. Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 157 (2003) 821-827
13. Smith Jr. S.C. Multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Am J Med 120 3 Suppl 1 (2007) S3-S11
14. Bao W., Srinivasan S.R., Wattigney W.A., and Berenson G.S. Persistence of multiple cardiovascular risk clustering related to syndrome X from childhood to young adulthood. The Bogalusa Heart Study. Arch Intern Med 154 (1994) 1842-1847
15. Sayers S.M., Mackerras D., Singh G., Bucens I., Flynn K., and Reid A. An Australian Aboriginal birth cohort: a unique resource for a life course study of an indigenous population. A study protocol. BMC Int Health Human Rights 3 (2003) 1
16. Marshall W.A., and Tanner J.M. Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Child 45 (1970) 13-23
17. Marshall W.A., and Tanner J.M. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child 44 (1969) 291-303
18. Matthews D.R., Hosker J.P., Rudenski A.S., Naylor B.A., Treacher D.F., and Turner R.C. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28 (1985) 412-419
19. Genuth S., Alberti K.G., Bennett P., Buse J., Defronzo R., Kahn R., et al. Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 26 (2003) 3160-3167
20. Kuczmarski R.J., Ogden C.L., Grummer-Strawn L.M., Flegal K.M., Guo S.S., Wei R., et al. CDC growth charts: United States. Adv Data (2000) 1-27
21. McCarthy H.D., Jarrett K.V., and Crawley H.F. The development of waist circumference percentiles in British children aged 5.0-16.9 y. Eur J Clin Nutr 55 (2001) 902-907
22. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 114 2 Suppl 4th Report (2004) 555-576
23. Retnakaran R., Zinman B., Connelly P.W., Harris S.B., and Hanley A.J. Nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors in pediatric metabolic syndrome. J Pediatr 148 (2006) 176-182
24. Kaler S.N., Ralph-Campbell K., Pohar S., King M., Laboucan C.R., and Toth E.L. High rates of the metabolic syndrome in a First Nations community in western Canada: prevalence and determinants in adults and children. Int J Circumpolar Health 65 (2006) 389-402
25. Young T.K., Dean H.J., Flett B., and Wood-Steiman P. Childhood obesity in a population at high risk for type 2 diabetes. J Pediatr 136 (2000) 365-369
26. Ruderman N., Chisholm D., Pi-Sunyer X., and Schneider S. The metabolically obese, normal-weight individual revisited. Diabetes 47 (1998) 699-713
27. Daniel M., Rowley K.G., McDermott R., Mylvaganam A., and O'Dea K. Diabetes incidence in an Australian Aboriginal population: an 8-year follow-up study. Diabetes Care 22 (1999) 1993-1998
28. Freedman D.S., Serdula M.K., Srinivasan S.R., and Berenson G.S. Relation of circumferences and skinfold thicknesses to lipid and insulin concentrations in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr 69 (1999) 308-317
29. Tong J., Boyko E.J., Utzschneider K.M., McNeely M.J., Hayashi T., Carr D.B., et al. Intra-abdominal fat accumulation predicts the development of the metabolic syndrome in non-diabetic Japanese-Americans. Diabetologia (2007)
30. Daniels S.R., Khoury P.R., and Morrison J.A. Utility of different measures of body fat distribution in children and adolescents. Am J Epidemiol 152 (2000) 1179-1184
31. Wang Z., and Hoy W.E. Body size measurements as predictors of type 2 diabetes in aboriginal people. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 28 (2004) 1580-1584
32. Norgan N.G. Interpretation of low body mass indices: Australian aborigines. Am J Phys Anthropol 94 (1994) 229-237
33. Mackerras D.E., Reid A., Sayers S.M., Singh G.R., Bucens I.K., and Flynn K.A. Growth and morbidity in children in the Aboriginal Birth Cohort Study: the urban-remote differential. Med J Aust 178 (2003) 56-60
34. Barker D.J., and Osmond C. Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales. Lancet 1 8489 (1986) 1077-1081
35. Ravelli A.C., van der Meulen J.H., Michels R.P., Osmond C., Barker D.J., Hales C.N., et al. Glucose tolerance in adults after prenatal exposure to famine. Lancet 351 (1998) 173-177
36. Jones K.L. The dilemma of the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: disease or distraction?. Pediatr Diabetes 7 (2006) 311-321