What lies beneath? Perceptions of the ontological paradox of water

World Archaeology

Volumn 40, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 224-237

  Kamash, Zena ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Baths; Dams; Roman; Votive deposition; Water

Indexed keywords

PERCEPTION; ROMAN ERA; SYMBOLISM; WATER;

EID: 46749113065     PISSN: 00438243     EISSN: 14701375     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00438240802008551     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Anderson, E. W. (2000) The Middle East: Geography and Geopolitics, Routledge, London and New York
2. Avi-Yonah, M. (1932) Quarterly of the Department of Antiquities of Palestine 2, published for the government of Palestine by Oxford University Press, Jerusalem
3. Barth, F. (1987) Cosmologies in the Making: A Generative Approach to Cultural Variation in Inner New Guinea, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
4. Boyer, P. and Lienard, P. (2006) Why ritualized behaviour? Precaution systems and action parsing in developmental, pathological and cultural rituals. Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 29, pp. 1-19.
5. Bradley, R. (1998) The Passage of Arms: An Archaeological Analysis of Prehistoric Hoard and Votive Deposits, Oxbow Books, Oxford
6. Cunliffe, B. (1988) The Temple of Sulis Minerva at Bath, The Finds from the Sacred Spring, 22, Oxford University Committee for Archaeology, Oxford
7. Douglas, M. (1966) Purity and Danger: An Analysis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo, Routledge, London and New York
8. Dulaney, S. and Fiske, A. P. (1994) Cultural rituals and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Is there a common psychological mechanism?. Ethos, 22:3, pp. 243-283.
9. Dunbabin, K. (1989) Baiarum grata voluptas: Pleasures and dangers of the baths. Papers of the British School at Rome, 57, pp. 1-46.
10. Dvorjetski, E. (1999) Social and cultural aspects of medicinal baths in Israel according to Rabbinic sources. Roman Baths and Bathing: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Roman Baths held at Bath, England Journal of Roman Archaeology Suppl. Ser. 37, pp. 117-129. Portsmouth, RI
11. Dvorjetski, E. (2001) Thermo-mineral waters in the eastern Mediterranean basin: Historical, archaeological and medicinal aspects. ARAM, 13, pp. 487-514.
12. Eitram, S. (1915) Opferritus und Voropfer der Griechen und Römer, Kristiana
13. Eliade, M. (1958) Patterns in Comparative Religion, Sheed & Ward, London and New York
14. Fagan, G. G. (1999) Bathing in Public in the Roman World, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, MI
15. Fagan, G. G. (2000) Hygienic conditions in Roman public baths. Cura Aquarum in Sicilia: Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress on the History of Water Management and Hydraulic Engineering in the Mediterranean Region BABESCH, pp. 281-288. Leiden
16. Field, N. and Parker Pearson, M. (2003) Fiskerton: An Iron Age Timber Causeway with Iron Age and Roman Votive Offerings: The 1981 Excavations, Oxbow Books, Oxford
17. Fisher, W. B. (1971) The Middle East: A Physical, Social and Regional Geography, Methuen, London
18. Fiske, A. P. and Haslam, N. (1997) Is obsessive-compulsive disorder a pathology of the human disposition to perform socially meaningful rituals? Evidence of similar content. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 185:4, pp. 211-222.
19. Fontijn, D. R. (2002) Sacrificial Landscapes: Cultural Biographies of Persons, Objects and 'Natural' Places in the Bronze Age of the Southern Netherlands, c. 2300-600 BC, pp. 33-34. University of Leiden, Leiden
20. Giles, M. and Joy, J. (2007) Mirrors in the British Iron Age: performance, revelation and power. The Book of the Mirror: An Interdisciplinary Collection Exploring the Cultural Story of the Mirror, pp. 16-31. Cambridge Scholars Press, Cambridge
21. Gosden, C. (2005) What do objects want?. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 12:3, pp. 193-211.
22. Gosden, C. (2007) Intelligent bodies and sociable objects. Unpublished conference paper
23. Gosden, C. and Marshall, Y. (1999) The cultural biography of objects. World Archaeology, 31:2, pp. 169-178.
24. Green, J. and Tsafrir, Y. (1982) Greek inscriptions from Hammat Gader: A poem by the Empress Eudocia and two building inscriptions. Israel Exploration Journal, 32, pp. 77-96.
25. Hamilton (trans), H. C. (1912) The Geography of Strabo, G Bell and Sons, London
26. Harper, R. P. and Wilkinson, T. (1975) Excavations at Dibsi Faraj, northern Syria 1972-1974: A preliminary note on the site and its monuments. Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 29, pp. 319-338.
27. Henig, M. (1984) Religion in Roman Britain, Batsford, London
28. Henig, M. and Whiting, M. (1987) Engraved Gems from Gadara in Jordan: The Sa'd Collection of Intaglios and Cameos, Oxford University Committee for Archaeology, Oxford
29. Hentze, C. (1932) Mythes et Symboles Lunaires, Editions de 'Sikkel', Antwerp
30. Hornblower, S. and Spawforth, A. (1996) The Oxford Classical Dictionary, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York
31. Hoss, S. (2005) Baths and Bathing: The Culture of Bathing and the Baths and Thermae in Palestine from the Hasmoneans to the Moslem Conquest; With an Appendix on Jewish Ritual Baths (Miqva'ot), Archaeopress, Oxford
32. Jalabert, L. (1955) Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie IV, Librairie orientaliste P. Geuthner, Paris
33. Jansen, G. C. M. (2000) Studying Roman hygiene: The battle between the optimists and the pessimists. Cura Aquarum in Sicilia: Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress on the History of Water Management and Hydraulic Engineering in the Mediterranean Region BABESCH, pp. 275-280. Leiden
34. Kamash, Z. (2006) Recent research on dams in the Roman Near East: Some dating issues. Cura Aquarum in Ephesus: Proceedings of the Twelfth International Congress on the History of Water Management and Hydraulic Engineering in the Mediterranean Region (Ephesus/Selcuk Turkey Peeters, pp. 219-224. Leuven
35. Kamash, Z. (2006)
36. Kamash, Z., Gosden, C. and Lock, G. Continuity and performance in Roman Britain: The case of the rural religious complex at Marcham/Frilford, Oxfordshire. Britannia
37. Lehmann, C. H. and Holum, K. G. (2000) The Greek and Latin Inscriptions of Caesarea Maritima, American Schools of Oriental Research, Boston, MA
38. Lindsay, W. M. Sexti Pompei Festi de Verborum Significatu quae Supersunt cum Pauli Epitome, Lipsiae
39. Lux, U. (1966) Der Mosaikfussboden eines spätantiken Bades in Umm Qes. Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina Vereins, 82, pp. 64-73.
40. Merrifield, R. (1987) The Archaeology of Ritual and Magic, Batsford, London
41. Penn, W. S. (1961) Springhead: Temples III and IV. Archaeologia Cantiana, 74, pp. 113-140.
42. Prentice, W. (1922) Publications of the Princeton University Archaeological Expedition to Syria in 1904-5 and 1909, Vol. III, Greek and Latin Inscriptions B, North Syria, Century, New York
43. Richards, C. (1996) Henges and water: Towards an elemental understanding of monumentality and landscape in late Neolithic Britain. Journal of Material Culture, 1:3, pp. 313-336.
44. Robinson, O. F. (1992) Ancient Rome: City Planning and Administration, Routledge, London
45. Scheinberg, S. (1979) The Bee Maidens of the Homeric Hymn to Hermes. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, 83, pp. 1-28.
46. Schmemann, A. (1974) Of Water and the Spirit: A Liturgical Study of Baptism, St Vladimir's Seminary Press, Crestwood, NY
47. Smith, A. (2001) The Differential Use of Constructed Space in Southern Britain from the Late Iron Age to the 4th Century AD, Archaeopress, Oxford
48. Smith, K. P. (2002) Through a clouded mirror: Africa at the Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo Museum of Science.
49. Stager, L. E. (1991) Eroticism and infanticide at Ashkelon. Biblical Archaeology Review, 17:4, pp. 34-54.
50. Stillwell, R. (1941) Antioch-on-the-Orontes III, Princeton Department of Art and Archaeology, Princeton, NJ
51. Strang, V. (2004) The Meaning of Water, Berg, Oxford and New York
52. Wedlake, W. J. (1982) The Excavation of the Shrine of Apollo at Nettleton, Wiltshire, 1956-1971, Society of Antiquaries of London, London
53. Wigley, T. M. L. and Framer, G. (1982) Climate of the eastern Mediterranean and Near East. Palaeoclimates, Palaeoenvironments and Human Communities in the Eastern Mediterranean Region in Later Prehistory, pp. 3-37. BAR International Series 133, Oxford
54. Willis, S. (2007) Sea, coast, estuary, land and culture in Iron Age Britain. The Later Iron Age in Britain and Beyond, pp. 107-129. Oxbow Books, Oxford