European liberalisms: An essay in comparative political thought

European Journal of Political Theory

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 9-30

  Freeden, Michael ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Civil society; Constitutionalism; Eastern Europe; Ideological structure; Liberalism; Markets; State; Welfare; Western Europe

Indexed keywords

EID: 46649100903     PISSN: 14748851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1474885107083401     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. For a typical statement see F.A. Hayek (1978) New Studies in Philosophy, Politics, Economics and the History of Ideas, ch. 9. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
2. See M. Freeden (2005) 'Confronting the Chimera of a "Post-Ideological" Age', Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 8: 247-62.
3. See e.g. J. Waldron (2004) 'Liberalism, Political and Comprehensive', in G.F. Gaus and C. Kukathas (eds) Handbook of Political Theory, pp. 89-99. London: SAGE.
4. Jan-Werner Müller, 'Fear and Freedom: On "Cold War Liberalism"', in this issue.
5. For a detailed explanation see M. Freeden (1996) Ideologies and Political Theory: A Conceptual Approach, ch. 2. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
6. F. Fukuyama (1992) The End of History and the Last Man. London: Hamish Hamilton.
7. R. Dworkin (1986) A Matter of Principle, ch. 8. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
8. See M. Freeden (2005) Liberal Languages: Ideological Imaginations and Twentieth Century Progressive Thought, pp. 144-72. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
9. See http://eld.europarl.eu.int
10. Freeden (n. 8), pp. 204-24.
11. J. Rawls (1999) The Law of Peoples. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
12. See Freeden (n. 5), pp. 317-83.
13. 13. See E. Bernstein (1993) The Preconditions of Socialism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. T. Blair (1996) My Britain, pp. 14-15. London: Fourth Estate.
14. J. Szacki (1995) Liberalism after Communism, pp. 119-70. Budapest: Central European University Press.
15. An interesting discussion on the distinction may be found in P. Ignazi (2003) ExtremeRight Parties in Western Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
16. R.G. Collingwood, 'Translators' Preface', in G. de Ruggiero (1927) The History of European Liberalism, p. vii. London: Oxford University Press.
17. L.T. Hobhouse (1911) Liberalism, pp. 172-3. London: Williams & Norgate. C. Rosselli (1994) Liberal Socialism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
18. See Paolo Pombeni, 'Anti-Liberalism and the Liberal Legacy in Postwar European Constitutionalism: Considerations on Some Case Studies', in this issue.
19. As distinct from Isaiah Berlin's predominant interpretation of positive liberty as imposing totalitarian models on individual rational choices.
20. See e.g. P.M.R. Stirk (2006) Twentieth-Century German Political Thought, pp. 150-4, 178-82. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
21. See J. Jennings (2003) 'Raymond Aron and the Fate of French Liberalism', European Journal of Political Theory 2: 365-71.
22. See e.g. F. Lazorthes (2005) 'Le parcours chaotique du liberalisme français', paper at a symposium on 'Liberalism in European Politics: Identity, Practices, Perspectives', European University Institute, Florence, Oct. See also S.C. Kolm (1984) Le liberalisme moderne. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.
23. W. Logue (1983) From Philosophy to Sociology: The Evolution of French Liberalism 1870-1914. Dekalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press.
24. D. Langewiesche (1988) Liberalismus in Deutschland. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
25. The recent half-hearted attempts at the reform of the House of Lords are a case in point, and even devolution has not achieved anything near the expectations invested in it.
26. See H. te Velde, 'The Organization of Liberty: Dutch Liberalism as a Case of the History of European Constitutional Liberalism', in this issue.
27. The sharp continental boundaries between liberalism and social democracy relate to a considerable extent to the terminological emergence of 'social democracy' from the Marxist family of ideas, while the more recent British references to social democracy take their literal meaning as emanating from left-liberalism or social liberalism.
28. Szacki (n. 14), p. 109.
29. See I.Z. Dénes, 'Personal Liberty and Political Freedom: Four Interpretations', in this issue.
30. See e.g. J. Harris (2003) Civil Society in British History: Ideas, Identities, Institutions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
31. 31. A. Michnik (1999) Rethinking Civil Society, p. 2. London: Centre for the Study of Global Governance, London School of Economics. See also G. Baker (1998) 'The Changing Idea of Civil Society: Models from the Polish Democratic Opposition', Journal of Political Ideologies 3: 125-45. Szacki (n. 14), pp. 98-104.
32. Michnik (n. 31), p. 7.
33. J. Keane (1998) Civil Society, passim. Cambridge: Polity Press; J.L. Cohen and A. Arato (1994) Civil Society and Political Theory, pp. 487-91. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Szacki (n. 14), pp. 140-2.
34. M.A. Weigle (2000) Russia's Liberal Project, pp. 384-5. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania State University Press.
35. 35. See e.g. Seán Hanley (1999) 'The New Right in the New Europe? Unravelling the Ideology of "Czech Thatcherism"', Journal of Political Ideologies 4: 163-89.
36. 36. See H.-G. Betz and C. Johnson (2004) 'Against the Current - Stemming the Tide: The Nostalgic Ideology of the Contemporary Radical Populist Right', Journal of Political Ideologies 9: 311-27.
37. T. Akkerman (2005) 'Anti-Immigration Parties and the Defence of Liberal Values: The Exceptional Case of the List Pim Fortuyn', Journal of Political Ideologies 10: 337-54.
38. See I.Z. Dénes (ed.) (2006) Liberty and the Search for Identity. Budapest: Central European University Press.
39. Y. Tamir (1993) Liberal Nationalism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
40. Szacki (n. 14), p. 6.
41. M. Walzer (2004) Politics and Passion. New Haven: Yale University Press. M. Freeden (2006) 'Liberal Passions: Reason and Emotion in Late and Post-Victorian Liberal Thought', in P. Ghosh and L. Goldman (eds) Politics and Culture in Victorian Britain: Essays in Memory of Colin Matthew, pp. 136-49. Oxford: Oxford University Press.