Diagnostic and prognostic impact of brain natriuretic peptide in cardiac and noncardiac diseases

Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care

Volumn 37, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 275-285

  Zakynthinos, Epaminondas ^a   Kiropoulos, Theodoros ^a   Gourgoulianis, Konstantinos ^a   Filippatos, Gerasimos ^b  

^a University Hospital of Thessaly   (Greece)

^b NATIONAL AND KAPODISTRIAN UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS   (Greece)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINO TERMINAL PRO BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; SPIRONOLACTONE;

ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; ARTICLE; BRAIN DISEASE; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DYSPNEA; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART DISEASE; HEART FAILURE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE FAILURE; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART VENTRICLE ENDDIASTOLIC PRESSURE; HEART VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY; HUMAN; HYPERTHYROIDISM; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN SYNTHESIS; SEPSIS; SEPTIC SHOCK;

BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; HEART FAILURE; HUMANS; NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE, BRAIN; PROGNOSIS; SEPSIS;

EID: 46649095837     PISSN: 01479563     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2007.05.010     Document Type: Article

References (129)

1. American Heart Association. Stroke and statistical update 2002 (2002), American Heart Association, Dallas, TX
2. Bukata R. B-natriuretic peptide and congestive heart failure. Emerg Med Acute Care Essays 2003;26.
3. Shamsham F., and Mitchell J. Essentials of the diagnosis of heart failure. Fam Physician 61 (2000) 1319-1328
4. de Lemos J.A., McGuire D.K., and Drazner M.H. B-type natriuretic peptide in cardiovascular disease. Lancet 362 (2003) 316-322
5. Silver M.A., Maisel A., Yancy C.W., et al. BNP Consensus Panel 2004: A clinical approach for the diagnostic, prognostic, screening, treatment monitoring, and therapeutic roles of natriuretic peptides in cardiovascular diseases. Congest Heart Fail 10 5 Suppl 3 (2004) S1-S30
6. Phua J., Lim T.K., and Hoe Lee K.H. B-type natriuretic peptide: issues for the intensivist and pulmonologist. Crit Care Med 33 (2005) 2094-2103
7. Lang C.C., Choy A.J., and Struthers A.D. Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides: a dual natriuretic peptide system potentially involved in circulatory homeostasis. Clin Sci 83 (1992) 519-527
8. White R. The role of brain natriuretic peptide in systolic heart failure. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 24 (2005) 171-174
9. Hama N., Itoh H., Shirakami G., Nakagawa O., et al. Rapid ventricular induction of brain natriuretic peptide gene expression in experimental acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 92 (1995) 1558-1564
10. Li N., and Wang J. Brain natriuretic peptide and optimal management of heart failure. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 6B (2005) 877-884
11. Lee D., and Vasan R. Novel markers for heart failure diagnosis and prognosis. Curr Opin Cardiol 20 (2005) 201-210
12. Grantham J.A., Borgeson D.D., and Burnett Jr. J.C. BNP: pathophysiological and potential therapeutic roles in acute congestive heart failure. Am J Physiol 272 (1997) R1077-R1083
13. Yamamoto K., Burnett Jr. J.C., and Redfield M.M. Effect of endogenous natriuretic peptide system on ventricular and coronary function in failing heart. Am J Physiol 273 (1997) H2406-H2414
14. Vanderheyden M., Bartunek J., and Goethals M. Brain and other natriuretic peptides: molecular aspects. Eur J Heart Fail 6 (2004) 261-268
15. Hunt P.J., Richards A.M., Nicholls M.G., et al. Immunoreactive amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-PROBNP): a new marker of cardiac impairment. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 47 (1997) 287-296
16. Pemberton C.J., Johnson M.L., Yandle T.G., and Espiner E.A. Deconvolution analysis of cardiac natriuretic peptides during acute volume overload. Hypertension 36 (2000) 355-359
17. Richards A.M., Crozier I.G., Holmes S.J., Espiner E.A., Yandle T.G., and Frampton C. Brain natriuretic peptide: natriuretic and endocrine effects in essential hypertension. J Hypertens 11 (1993) 163-170
18. Jensen K.T., Carstens J., and Pedersen E.B. Effect of BNP on renal hemodynamics tubular function and vasoactive hormones in humans. Am J Physiol 274 1 Pt 2 (1998) F63-F72
19. Brunner-La Rocca H.P., Kaye D.M., Woods R.L., Hastings J., and Esler M.D. Effects of intravenous brain natriuretic peptide on regional sympathetic activity in patients with chronic heart failure as compared with healthy control subjects. J Am Coll Cardiol 37 (2001) 1221-1227
20. Clarkson P.B., Wheeldon N.M., MacFadyen R.J., Pringle S.D., and MacDonald T.M. Effects of brain natriuretic peptide on exercise hemodynamics and neurohormones in isolated diastolic heart failure. Circulation 93 (1996) 2037-2042
21. Cao L., and Gardner D.G. Natriuretic peptides inhibit DNA synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts. Hypertension 25 (1995) 227-234
22. Fujisaki H., Ito H., Hirata Y., et al. Natriuretic peptides inhibit angiotensin II-induced proliferation of rat cardiac fibroblasts by blocking endothelin-1 gene expression. J Clin Invest 96 (1995) 1059-1065
23. van der Zander K., Houben A.J., Kroon A.A., and de Leeuw P.W. Effects of brain natriuretic peptide on forearm vasculature: comparison with atrial natriuretic peptide. Cardiovasc Res 44 (1999) 595-600
24. van der Zander K., Houben A.J., Kroon A.A., De Mey J.G., Smits P.A., and de Leeuw P.W. Nitric oxide and potassium channels are involved in brain natriuretic peptide induced vasodilatation in man. J Hypertens 20 (2002) 493-499
25. Maisel A.S. Nesiritide: a new therapy for the treatment of heart failure. Cardiovasc Toxicol 3 (2003) 37-42
26. Packer M.P. The neurohormonal hypothesis: a theory to explain the mechanism of disease progression in heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 20 (1992) 248-254
27. Stevenson L.W. Tailored therapy to hemodynamic goals for advanced heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 1 (1999) 251-257
28. Ferguson D.W., Berg W.J., Roach P.J., Oren R.M., and Mark A.L. Effects of heart failure on baroreflex control of sympathetic neural activity. Am J Cardiol 69 (1992) 523-531
29. Grassi G., Seravalle G., Cattaneo B.M., et al. Sympathetic activation and loss of reflex sympathetic control in mild congestive heart failure. Circulation 92 (1995) 3206-3211
30. Court O., Kumar A., Parrillo J.E., et al. Clinical review: myocardial depression in sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care 6 (2002) 500-508
31. Tomaru Ki K., Arai M., Yokoyama T., et al. Transcriptional activation of the BNP gene by lipopolysaccharide is mediated through GATA elements in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 34 (2002) 649-659
32. He Q., and LaPointe M.C. Interleukin-1beta regulation of the human brain natriuretic peptide promoter involves Ras-, Rac-, and p38 kinase-dependent pathways in cardiac myocytes. Hypertension 33 (1999) 283-289
33. He Q., and LaPointe M.C. Interleukin-1beta regulates the human brain natriuretic peptide promoter via Ca(2_)-dependent protein kinase pathways. Hypertension 35 (2000) 292-296
34. Kuwahara K., Saito Y., Harada M., et al. Involvement of cardiotrophin-1 in cardiac myocyte-nonmyocyte interactions during hypertrophy of rat cardiac myocytes in vitro. Circulation 100 (1999) 1116-1124
35. Heringlake M., Heide C., Bahlmann L., et al. Effects of tilting and volume loading on plasma levels and urinary excretion of relaxin, NT-pro-ANP, and NT-pro-BNP in male volunteers. J Appl Physiol 97 (2004) 173-179
36. Vieillard-Baron A., Schmitt J.M., Augarde R., et al. Acute cor pulmonale in acute respiratory distress syndrome submitted to protective ventilation: incidence, clinical implications, and prognosis. Crit Care Med 29 (2001) 1551-1555
37. Maeder M., Fehr T.H., Rickli H., and Ammann P. Sepsis-associated myocardial dysfunction. diagnostic and prognostic impact of cardiac troponins and natriuretic peptides. Chest 129 (2006) 1349-1366
38. Jefic D., Lee J.W., Jefic D., et al. Utility of B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide in evaluation of respiratory failure in critically ill patients. Chest 128 (2005) 288-295
39. Logeart D., Thabut G., Jourdain P., et al. Predischarge B-type natriuretic peptide assay for identifying patients at high risk of re-admission after decompensated heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 43 (2004) 635-641
40. Maisel A., Krishnaswamy P., Nowak R., et al. Rapid measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure. N Engl J Med 347 (2002) 161-167
41. Morrison L., Harrison A., Krishnaswamy P., Kazanegra R., Clopton P., and Maisel A. Utility of a rapid B-natriuretic peptide assay in differentiating congestive heart failure from lung disease in patients presenting with dyspnea. J Am Coll Cardiol 39 (2002) 202-209
42. McCullough P., Hollander J., Nowak R., et al. Uncovering heart failure in patients with a history of pulmonary disease: rationale for the early use of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 10 (2003) 198-210
43. Mueller C., Scholer A., Laule-Kilian K., et al. Use of B-type natriuretic peptide in the evaluation and management of acute dyspnea. N Engl J Med 350 (2004) 647-654
44. Storrow A. Advances in the diagnosis of CHF: new markers. Mod Adv Emerg Cardiac Care (2003) 38-48
45. The Criteria Committee of the New York Heart Association. Nomenclature and criteria for diagnosis of diseases of the heart and great vessels (1979), Little, Brown, Boston
46. Januzzi Jr. J.L., Camargo C.A., Anwaruddin S., et al. The N-terminal pro-BNP investigation of dyspnea in the emergency department (PRIDE) study. Am J Cardiol 95 (2005) 48-54
47. Jaffe A.J., Babuin L., and Apple F.S. Biomarkers in acute cardiac disease. the present and the future. J Am Coll Cardiol 48 (2006) 1-11
48. Haug C., Metzele A., Kochs M., Hombach V., and Grunert A. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide and atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations correlate with left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Clin Cardiol 16 (1993) 553-557
49. Kazanegra R., Cheng V., Garcia A., et al. A rapid test for B-type natriuretic peptide correlates with falling wedge pressures in patients treated for decompensated heart failure: a pilot study. J Card Fail 7 (2001) 21-29
50. Maeda K., Tsutamoto T., Wada A., et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as a biochemical marker of high left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in patients with symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. Am Heart J 35 (1998) 825-832
51. Davis M., Espiner E., Richards G., et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide in assessment of acute dyspnoea. Lancet 343 (1994) 440-444
52. Maisel A.S., McCord J., Nowak R.M., et al., Breathing Not Properly Multinational Study Investigators. Bedside B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Results from the Breathing Not Properly Multinational StudyJ Am Coll Cardiol 41 (2003) 2010-2017
53. Teng Y.C., Tang X.W., Lin Q.D., Wu Y.X., and Song X.L. Relationship between left ventricular diastolic function and plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration during severe pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome. Chung Hua I Hsueh Tsa Chih 83 (2003) 662-665
54. Lubien E., DeMaria A., Krishnaswamy P., et al. Utility of B-natriuretic peptide in detecting diastolic dysfunction: comparison with Doppler velocity recordings. Circulation 105 (2002) 595-601
55. Sullivan D.R., West M., and Jeremy R. Utility of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurement in cardiovascular disease. Heart Lung Circ 14 (2005) 78-84
56. Yoshibayashi M., Kamiya T., Saito Y., and Matsuo H. Increased plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med 329 (1993) 433-434
57. Takemura G., Takatsu Y., Doyama K., et al. Expression of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides and their genes in hearts of patients with cardiac amyloidosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 31 (1998) 754-765
58. Maisel A., Hollander J.E., Guss D., et al. Primary results of the Rapid Emergency Department Heart Failure Outpatient Trial (REDHOT): a multicenter study of B-type natriuretic peptide levels, emergency department decision making, and outcomes in patients presenting with shortness of breath. J Am Coll Cardiol 44 (2004) 1328-1333
59. Vasan R.S., Benjamin E.J., Larson M.G., et al. Plasma natriuretic peptides for community screening for left ventricular hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction: the Framingham heart study. JAMA 288 (2002) 1252-1259
60. Redfield M.M., Rodeheffer R.J., Jacobsen S.J., et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide to detect preclinical ventricular systolic or diastolic dysfunction: a community-based study. Circulation 109 (2004) 3176-3181
61. McDonagh T.A., Robb S.D., Murdoch D.R., et al. Biochemical detection of left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Lancet 351 (1998) 9-13
62. Tateishi J., Masutani M., Ohyanagi M., and Iwasaki T. Transient increase in plasma brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Clin Cardiol 23 (2000) 776-780
63. Kyriakides Z.S., Markianos M., Michalis L., Antoniadis A., Nikolaou N.I., and Kremastinos D.T. Brain natriuretic peptide increases acutely and much more prominently than atrial natriuretic peptide during coronary angioplasty. Clin Cardiol 23 (2000) 285-288
64. Kikuta K., Yasue H., Yoshimura M., et al. Increased plasma levels of B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with unstable angina. Am Heart J 132 1 Pt 1 (1996) 101-107
65. Nagaya N., Nishikimi T., Okano Y., et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels increase in proportion to the extent of right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 31 (1998) 202-208
66. Gan C.T., McCann G.P., Marcus J.T., et al. Nt-proBNP reflects right ventricular structure and function in pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 28 (2006) 1190-1194
67. Kucher N., and Goldhaber S.Z. Cardiac biomarkers for risk stratification of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Circulation 108 (2003) 2191-2194
68. Kruger S., Graf J., Merx M.W., et al. Brain natriuretic peptide predicts right heart failure in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Am Heart J 147 (2004) 60-65
69. Kucher N., Printzen G., and Goldhaber S.Z. Prognostic role of brain natriuretic peptide in acute pulmonary embolism. Circulation 107 (2003) 2545-2547
70. Kucher N., Printzen G., Doernhoefer T., et al. Low pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels predict benign clinical outcome in acute pulmonary embolism. Circulation 107 (2003) 1576-1578
71. Incalzi R.A., Fuso L., Serra M., et al. Exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a frequently unrecognized condition. J Intern Med 252 (2002) 48-55
72. Gan S.C., Beaver S.K., Houck P.M., et al. Treatment of acute myocardial infarction and 30-day mortality among women and men. N Engl J Med 343 (2000) 8-15
73. Cabanes L., Richaud-Thiriez B., Fulla Y., et al. Brain natriuretic peptide blood levels in the differential diagnosis of dyspnea. Chest 120 (2001) 2047-2050
74. Kita H., Ohi M., Chin K., et al. The nocturnal secretion of cardiac natriuretic peptides during obstructive sleep apnoea and its response to therapy with nasal continuous positive airway pressure. J Sleep Res 7 (1998) 199-207
75. Kaditis A., Alexopoulos E., Hatzi F., et al. Overnight change in brain natriuretic peptide levels in children with sleep-disordered breathing. Chest 130 (2006) 1377-1384
76. Brookes C.I., Kemp M.W., Hooper J., Oldershaw P.J., and Moat N.E. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentrations in patients with chronic mitral regurgitation. J Heart Valve Dis 6 (1997) 608-612
77. Tharaux P.L., Dussaule J.C., Hubert-Brierre J., et al. Plasma atrial and brain natriuretic peptides in mitral stenosis treated by valvulotomy. Clin Sci (Colch) 87 (1994) 671-677
78. Gerber I.L., Stewart R.A., Legget M.E., et al. Increased plasma natriuretic peptide levels reflect symptom onset in aortic stenosis. Circulation 107 (2003) 1884-1890
79. Suda K., Matsumura M., and Matsumoto M. Clinical implication of plasma natriuretic peptides in children with ventricular septal defect. Pediatr Int 45 (2003) 249-254
80. Ribeiro A.L., dos Reis A.M., Barros M.V., et al. Brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular dysfunction in Chagas' disease. Lancet 360 (2002) 461-462
81. Kawamura T., and Wago M. Brain natriuretic peptide can be a useful biochemical marker for myocarditis in patients with Kawasaki disease. Cardiol Young 12 (2002) 153-158
82. Nakao K. Natriuretic peptide family. Nippon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi 68 (1992) 134-142 [in Japanese]
83. Adachi K., Kawai H., Saito M., et al. Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide as an index for evaluation of cardiac function in female gene carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Intern Med 36 (1997) 497-500
84. Hayakawa H., Komada Y., Hirayama M., Hori H., Ito M., and Sakurai M. Plasma levels of natriuretic peptides in relation to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and cardiac function in children with cancer. Med Pediatr Oncol 37 (2001) 4-9
85. Niwa N., Watanabe E., Hamaguchi M., et al. Early and late elevation of plasma atrial and brain natriuretic peptides in patients after bone marrow transplantation. Ann Hematol 80 (2001) 460-465
86. Bordenave L., Georges A., Bareille R., Conrad V., Villars F., and Amedee J. Human bone marrow endothelial cells: a new identified source of B-type natriuretic peptide. Peptides 23 (2002) 935-940
87. Wang T.J., Larson M.G., Levy D., et al. Plasma natriuretic peptide levels and the risk of cardiovascular events and death. N Engl J Med 350 (2004) 655-663
88. Nakamura M., Endo H., Nasu M., et al. Value of plasma B type natriuretic peptide measurement for heart disease screening in a Japanese population. Heart 87 (2002) 131-135
89. Bettencourt P., Azevedo A., Pimenta J., Frioes F., Ferreira S., and Ferreira A. N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide predicts outcome after hospital discharge in heart failure patients. Circulation 110 (2004) 2168-2174
90. Peacock W.F., and Freda B.J. Heart failure part I. Emerg Med Rep 3 (2003) 89-92
91. Conklin B. B-type natriuretic peptide: a new measurement to distinguish cardiac from pulmonary causes of acute dyspnea. J Emerg Nurs 31 (2005) 73-75
92. Hartmann F., Packer M., Coats A.J., et al. Prognostic impact of plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in severe chronic congestive heart failure: a substudy of the Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) trial. Circulation 110 (2004) 1780-1786
93. Gardner R.S., Ozalp F., Murday A.J., et al. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide: a new gold standard in predicting mortality in patients with advanced heart failure. Eur Heart J 24 (2003) 1735-1743
94. de Groote P., Dagorn J., Soudan B., et al. B-type natriuretic peptide and peak exercise oxygen consumption provide independent information for risk stratification in patients with stable congestive heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 43 (2004) 1584-1589
95. Hamada Y., Tanaka N., Murata K., et al. Significance of predischarge BNP on one-year outcome in decompensated heart failure-comparative study with echo-Doppler indexes. J Card Fail 11 (2005) 43-49
96. Miller W.L., Hartman K.A., Burritt M.F., Borgeson D.D., Burnett Jr. J.C., and Jaffe A.S. Biomarker responses during and after treatment with nesiritide infusion in patients with decompensated chronic heart failure. Clin Chem 51 (2005) 569-577
97. Troughton R.W., Frampton C.M., Yandle T.G., Espiner E.A., Nicholls M.G., and Richards A.M. Treatment of heart failure guided by plasma aminoterminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) concentrations. Lancet 355 (2000) 1126-1130
98. Abdulla J., Kober L., and Torp-Pedersen C. Methods of assessing the functional status of patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction in interventional studies: can brain natriuretic peptide measurement be used as surrogate for the traditional methods?. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 18 (2004) 219-224
99. Maeder M., Ammann P., Kiowski W., et al. B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with sepsis and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. Eur J Heart Fail 7 (2005) 1164-1167
100. Chua G., and Kang-Hoe L. Marked elevations in N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide levels in septic shock. Crit Care 8 (2004) R248-R250
101. Tung R.H., Garcia C., Morss A.M., et al. Utility of B-type natriuretic peptide for the evaluation of intensive care unit shock. Crit Care Med 32 (2004) 1643-1647
102. Forfia P.R., Watkins S.P., Rame J.E., et al. Relationship between B-type natriuretic peptides and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in the intensive care unit. J Am Coll Cardiol 45 (2005) 1667-1671
103. Charpentier J., Luyt C.E., Fulla Y., et al. Brain natriuretic peptide: a marker of myocardial dysfunction and prognosis during severe sepsis. Crit Care Med 32 (2004) 660-665
104. Ueda S., Nishio K., Akai Y., et al. Prognostic value of increased plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in patients with septic shock. Shock 26 (2006) 134-139
105. Cuthbertson B.H., Patel R.R., Croal B.L., et al. B-type natriuretic peptide and the prediction of outcome in patients admitted to intensive care. Anaesthesia 60 (2005) 16-21
106. Henriksen J.H., Gotze J.P., Fuglsang S., et al. Increased circulating pro-brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with cirrhosis: relation to cardiovascular dysfunction and severity of disease. Gut 52 (2003) 1511-1517
107. Iwao T., Oho K., Nakano R., et al. High plasma cardiac natriuretic peptides associated with enhanced cyclic guanosine monophosphate production in preascitic cirrhosis. J Hepatol 32 (2000) 426-433
108. Makikallio A.M., Makikallio T.H., Korpelainen J.T., et al. Natriuretic peptides and mortality after stroke. Stroke 36 (2005) 1016-1020
109. Berendes E., Walter M., Cullen P., et al. Secretion of brain natriuretic peptide in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Lancet 349 (1997) 245-249
110. Espiner E.A., Leikis R., Ferch R.D., et al. The neuro-cardio-endocrine response to acute subarachnoid haemorrhage. Clin Endocrinol 56 (2002) 629-635
111. Fukui S., Katoh H., Tsuzuki N., et al. Focal brain edema and natriuretic peptides in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Clin Neurosci 11 (2004) 507-511
112. Sviri G.E., Feinsod M., and Soustiel J.F. Brain natriuretic peptide and cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage. Clinical and TCD correlations. Stroke 31 (2000) 118-122
113. McGirt M.J., Blessing R., Nimjee S.M., et al. Correlation of serum brain natriuretic peptide with hyponatremia and delayed ischemic neurological deficits after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 54 (2004) 1369-1373
114. Liang F., Webb P., Marimuthu A., et al. Triiodothyronine increases brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) gene transcription and amplifies endothelin-dependent BNP gene transcription and hypertrophy in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. J Biol Chem 278 (2003) 15073-15083
115. Schultz M., Faber J., Kistorp C., et al. Nterminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) in different thyroid function states. Clin Endocrinol 60 (2004) 54-59
116. Knudsen CW, Vik-Mo H, Omland T. Blood haemoglobin is an independent predictor of B-type natriuretic peptide levels. Clin Sci (Lord) Epub 2005,109:69-74.
117. Redfield M.M., Rodeheffer R.J., Jacobsen S.J., et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration: impact of age and gender. J Am Coll Cardiol 40 (2002) 976-982
118. McCullough P.A., Duc P., Omland T., et al. B-type natriuretic peptide and renal function in the diagnosis of heart failure: an analysis from the Breathing Not Properly Multinational Study. Am J Kidney Dis 41 (2003) 571-579
119. McLean A.S., Huang S.J., Nalos M., Tang B., and Stewart D.E. The confounding effects of age, gender, serum creatinine, and electrolyte concentrations on plasma B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 31 (2003) 2611-2618
120. Maffei S., Del Ry S., Prontera C., and Clerico A. Increase in circulating levels of cardiac natriuretic peptides after hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Clin Sci (Colch) 101 (2001) 447-453
121. Onuoha G.N., Nicholls D.P., Patterson A., and Beringer T. Neuropeptide secretion in exercise. Neuropeptides 32 (1998) 319-325
122. Ohba H., Takada H., Musha H., et al. Effects of prolonged strenuous exercise on plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide in healthy men. Am Heart J 141 (2001) 751-758
123. Almeida S.S., Azevedo A., Castro A., et al. B-type natriuretic peptide is related to left ventricular mass in hypertensive patients but not in athletes. Cardiology 98 (2002) 113-115
124. Lang C.C., Choy A.M., Henderson I.S., Coutie W.J., and Struthers A.D. Effect of haemodialysis on plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in patients with chronic renal failure. Clin Sci (Colch) 82 (1992) 127-131
125. Mueller C., Laule-Kilian K., Scholer A., et al. B-type natriuretic peptide for acute dyspnea in patients with kidney disease. Kidney Int 67 (2005) 278-284
126. McCord J., Mundy B.J., Hudson M.P., et al. Relationship between obesity and B-type natriuretic peptide levels. Arch Intern Med 164 (2004) 2247-2252
127. Mehra M.R., Uber P.A., Park M.H., et al. Obesity and suppressed B-type natriuretic peptide levels in heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 43 (2004) 1590-1595
128. Silver M.A., Maisel A., Yancy C.W., et al. BNP consensus panel 2004: a clinical approach for the diagnostic, prognostic, screening, treatment monitoring, and therapeutic roles of natriuretic peptides in cardiovascular diseases. Congest Heart Fail 10 (2004) 1-30
129. Tabbibizar R., and Maisel A. The impact of B-type natriuretic peptide levels on the diagnosis and management of congestive heart failure. Curr Opin Cardiol 17 (2002) 340-345