Pediatric stress-related seizures: Conceptualization, evaluation, and treatment of nonepileptic seizures in children and adolescents

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

Volumn 16, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 523-531

  Wood, Beatrice L ^a,b   Haque, Shabrin ^a   Weinstock, Arie ^c,d   Miller, Bruce D ^a,d  

^a UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^b STRONG MEMORIAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^d CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OF BUFFALO   (United States)

Author keywords

Nonepileptic; Pediatric; Pseudoseizures; Psychogenic; Seizures; Stress

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; EPILEPTIC FOCUS; EVALUATION; FAMILY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; REVIEW; SEIZURE; STRESS; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

ADOLESCENT; CHILD; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; HUMANS; PATIENT EDUCATION; PROGNOSIS; RISK FACTORS; SEIZURES; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; VIDEOTAPE RECORDING;

EID: 4644360329     PISSN: 10408703     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.mop.0000140997.24408.53     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Gudmundsson O, Prendergast M, Foreman D, Cowley S: Outcome of pseudoseizures in children and adolescents: a 6-year symptom survival analysis. Dev Med Child Neurol 2001, 43:547-551.
2. Trimble MR: Pseudoseizures [Review]. Neurol Clin 1986, 4:531-548.
3. Trimble MR: Personality disturbances in epilepsy. Neurology 1983, 33:1332-1334.
4. Stone J, Campbell K, Sharma N, et al.: What should we call pseudoseizures? The patient's perspective. Seizure 2003, 12:568-572.
5. Alvarez N: Discontinuance of antiepileptic medications in patients with developmental disability and diagnosis of epilepsy. Am J Ment Retard 1989, 93:593-599. [Published erratum appears in Am J Ment Retard 1989, 94:118.]
6. Alvarez N: Discontinuance of antiepileptic medications in patients with developmental disability and diagnosis of epilepsy. Am J Ment Retard 1989, 93:593-599. [Published erratum appears in Am J Ment Retard 1989, 94:118.]
7. Devinsky O, Thacker K: Nonepileptic seizures [Review]. Neurol Clin 1995, 13:299-319.
8. Gates JR, Ramani V, Whalen S, Loewenson R: Ictal characteristics of pseudoseizures. Arch Neurol 1985, 42:1183-1187.
9. Merskey H: Commentary: conversion fits, pseudo-attacks, or doxogenic seizures [Comment]. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1994, 16:246-247.
10. Lesser RP: Psychogenic seizures [Review]. Neurology 1996, 46:1499-1507.
11. Lancman ME, Asconape JJ, Graves S, Gibson PA: Psychogenic seizures in children: long-term analysis of 43 cases. J Child Neurol 1994, 9:404-407.
12. Sirven JI, Glosser DS: Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: theoretic and clinical considerations [Review]. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol 1998, 11:225-235.
13. Gates JR: Nonepileptic seizures: time for progress. Epilepsy & Behavior 1 [Part 1]. 2000:2-6.
14. Ercan ES, Varan A, VeznedaroGlu B: Associated features of conversion disorder in Turkish adolescents. Pediatr Int 2003, 45:150-155.
15. Krawetz P, Reisher W, Pillay N, et al.: Family functioning in subjects with pseudoseizures and epilepsy. J Nerv Ment Dis 2001, 189:38-43.
16. Pintor PL, Perez DG, Torres M, et al.: Psychiatric disorders, personality and traumatic experiences in conversive non-epileptic seizures patients [Spanish]. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2002, 30:233-239.
17. Silberstein P: Child abuse and pseudoseizures. Med J Aust 1983, 533:11-26.
18. Bowman ES, Markand ON: Psychodynamics and psychiatric diagnoses of pseudoseizure subjects. Am J Psychiatry 1996, 153:57-63.
19. Bowman ES: Etiology and clinical course of pseudoseizures. Relationship to trauma, depression, and dissociation. Psychosomatics 1993, 34:333-342.
20. Bandura A: Influence of model's reinforcement contingencies on the acquisition of imitative responses. J Pers Soc Psychol 1965, 36:589-595.
21. Goodwin J, Gross M: Pseudoseizures and incest. Am J Psychiatry 1979, 136:1231.
22. Slavney PR: Pseudoseizures, sexual abuse, and hermeneutic reasoning [Review]. Compr Psychiatry 1994, 35:471-477.
23. Cartmill A, Betts T: Seizure behaviour in a patient with post-traumatic stress disorder following rape. Notes on the aetiology of 'pseudoseizures'. Seizure 1992, 1:33-36.
24. Harden CL: Pseudoseizures and dissociative disorders: a common mechanism involving traumatic experiences. Seizure 1997, 6:151-155.
25. Wyllie E, Glazer JP, Benbadis S, et al.: Psychiatric features of children and adolescents with pseudoseizures. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1999, 153:244-248.
26. Lipowski ZJ: Somatization and depression [Review]. Psychosomatics 1990, 31:13-21.
27. Fleisher W, Staley D, Krawetz P, et al.: Comparative study of trauma-related phenomena in subjects with pseudoseizures and subjects with epilepsy. Am J Psychiatry 2002, 159:660-663.
28. Turgay A: Treatment outcome for children and adolescents with conversion disorder. Can J Psychiatry 1990, 35:585-589.
29. McEwen BS: Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators. N Engl J Med 1998, 338:171-179.
30. Griffith JL, Polles A, Griffith ME: Pseudoseizures, families, and unspeakable dilemmas. Psychosomatics 1998, 39:144-153.
31. Livingston R, Witt A, Smith GR: Families who somatize. J Dev Behav Pediatr 1995, 16:42-46.
32. Wood BL, McDaniel SH, Burchfiel K, Erba G: Factors distinguishing families of patients with psychogenic seizures from families of patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia 1998, 39:432-437.
33. Terr LC: Childhood traumas: an outline and overview [Review]. Am J Psychiatry 1991, 148:10-20.
34. Barry JJ, Sanborn K: Etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of nonepileptic seizures [Review]. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2001, 1:381-389.
35. Krumholz A: Nonepileptic seizures: diagnosis and management [review]. Neurology 1999, 53(5:suppl 2):S75-S83.
36. Gates JR, Ettinger AB: Classification of non-epileptic events. Edited by Rowan AJ, Gates JR. In Non-Epileptic Seizures. Stoneham, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1993:21-30.
37. Kotagal P, Costa M, Wyllie E, Wolgamuth B: Paroxysmal nonepileptic events in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 2002, 110:e46.
38. Weinstock A, Giglio P, Kerr SL, et al.: Hyperkinetic seizures in children. J Child Neurol 2003, 18:517-524.
39. Biraben A, Taussig D, Bernard AM, et al.: Video-EEG and ictal SPECT in three patients with both epileptic and non-epileptic seizures. Epileptic Disord 1999, 1:51-55.
40. Gulati S, Bal CS, Kalra V: Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in childhood epilepsy [Review]. Indian J Pediatr 2000, 67(suppl): Suppl-9.
41. Spanaki MV, Spencer SS, Corsi M, et al.: The role of quantitative ictal SPECT analysis in the evaluation of nonepileptic seizures. J Neuroimaging 1999, 9:210-216.
42. Laxer KD, Mullooly JP, Howell B: Prolactin changes after seizures classified by EEG monitoring. Neurology 1985, 35:31-35.
43. Singh UK, Jana UK: Plasma prolactin in epilepsy and pseudoseizures. Indian Pediatr 1994, 31:667-669.
44. Slater JD, Brown MC, Jacobs W, Ramsay RE: Induction of pseudoseizures with intravenous saline placebo. Epilepsia 1995, 36:580-585.
45. Barry JJ, Atzman O, Morrell MJ: Discriminating between epileptic and nonepileptic events: the utility of hypnotic seizure induction. Epilepsia 2000, 41:81-84.
46. LeVine WR, Ramirez C: Identifying pseudoseizures with anhydrous ammonia. Am J Psychiatry 1980, 137:995.
47. Drake ME Jr: Saline activation of pseudoepileptic seizures: clinical EEG and neuropsychiatrie observations. Clin Electroencephalogr 1985, 16:171-176.
48. Iriarte J, Parra J, Urrestarazu E, Kuyk J: Controversies in the diagnosis and management of psychogenic pseudoseizures [Review]. Epilepsy Behav 2003, 4:354-359.
49. Shen W, Bowman ES, Markand ON: Presenting the diagnosis of pseudoseizure. Neurology 1990, 40:756-759.
50. Walsh JC, Vignaendra V, Burrows S, et al.: The application of prolonged electroencephalographic monitoring and video recording to the diagnosis of epilepsy. Med J Aust 1986, 144:401-404.
51. Harden CL, Burgut FT, Kanner AM: The diagnostic significance of video-EEG monitoring findings on pseudoseizure patients differs between neurologists and psychiatrists. Epilepsia 2003, 44:453-456.