Let them eat cyberspace: Africa, the G8 and the digital divide

Millennium: Journal of International Studies

Volumn 32, Issue 3, 2003, Pages 457-476

  Alden, Chris ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 4644313102     PISSN: 03058298     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/03058298030320030601     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Third World Network, 'A defining moment for the South', 15 April 2000, http://www.twnside.org.sg/title/havana.htm.
2. UNDP, Human Development Report 1997, cited in,'The Internet and Poverty: Real Help or Real Hype?', briefing paper no. 28, 3, http://www.oneworld.net/panos/briefing/interpov.htm.
3. Internet World Statistics based upon Nielson/Netratings and International Telecommunications Union data, http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm.
4. Mike Jensen, 'The African Internet: a Status Report', July 2002, http://www3.sn.apc.org.
5. Opening address by Nelson Mandela, Telecom95 Conference, Geneva, 3 October 1995. http://www.msha.fr/msha/publi/engne/Netafriq/education/Mandela95.htm
6. World Bank, World Development Report 1998/1999, Summary Report (Washington, DC: IBRD 1999), 1.
7. Agence France Presse, 18 January 2001, http://www.irin.ocha.org.
8. Department for International Development, 'The Impact of the New Economy on Poor People and Developing Countries', report submitted 7 July 2000, 2.7.
9. Makane Faye, 'Challenges and Opportunities of Electronic Commercer for Africa', Business-Government Forum on Electronic Commerce, Economic Commission for Africa, Dubai, 17 January 2001, p. 16.
10. http://irin.ocha.union.org.
11. Development Assistance Committee, Shaping the 21st Century: The Contribution of Development Co-operation (Paris: OECD, 1996).
12. Alan Thomas, 'Poverty and the End of Development', in Poverty and Development into the 21st Century, eds. Tim Allen and Alan Thomas (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), 5.
13. World Bank, The East Asian Miracle: Economic Growth and Public Policy (Washington, DC: IBRD, 1993).
14. Hami Kharas and Hisanobu Sheshido, 'The Transition From Aid to Private Capital Flow' in,Transitions in Development: The Role of Aid and Commercial Flows, eds Uma Lele and Ijaz Nabi (San Francisco, CA: International Centre for Economic Growth, CA, 1991).
15. Chris Alden, 'From Neglect to Virtual Engagement: the United States and its New Paradigm for Africa', African Affairs 99, no. 396 (2000).
16. Nancy Bearg Dyke, ed., The International Poverty Gap: Investing in People and Technology to Build Sustainable Pathways Out (Washington, DC: Aspen Institute, 2000), 6.
17. IDRC, 'The Acacia Initiative: Communities and the Information Society in Africa', http://www.idrc.ca/unganisha/document/connect/projects.html.
18. USAID's webpage on the Leland Initiative, http://www.usaid.gov/leland;
19. World Summit on Information Society, 'The Leland Initiative', conference held in Geneva 2003, http://www.itu.int/osg/spu/wsis-themes/ict§ories/Leland.html;
20. Abdurahman Aden, 'No Connection Under this Number: Africa and the Internet', Deutsche Stiftung für internationale Entwicklung, http://www.dse.de/zeitschr/de500-5.htm.
21. Global Business Dialogue on Electronic Commerce, 'Digital Bridges Task Force', 26 September 2000, http://www.gbd.org.
22. 'Telkom - Changing the African Telcoms Landscape', Corporate Africa, 16, no. 1, edition 888 (2000), 41.
23. Peter Benjamin, 'Focus on Gasaleka', Community Information Network for Southern Africa, http://www.cinsa.info/portal.
24. Jensen, 'The African Internet' http://www3.sn.apc.org.
25. Anthony Trowbridge, 'Information and Ownership: the Case of Kaugutsawne in Limpopo', http://www.cinsa.info/portal/index.php?option=articles&task=viewarticle&artid=87&Itemid=52.
26. World Bank's African Virtual University site, http://www.avu.org/section/about/index.htm.
27. The Commonwealth of Learning, 'Perspectives on Distance Education: Telecentres - case studies', 142-43, http://www.col.org/telecentres.
28. 'SA must import IT skills, says govt', http://www.netassets.co.za.
29. Economic Commission on Africa, 'Globalization, Regionalism and Africa's Development', paper presented at the UNCTAD X, 12-19 February 2000, Bangkok, Thailand, http://www.unctad-10.org.
30. UNDP/SARDC, Mozambique: National Human Development Report 1999 (Maputo: UNDP/SARDC, 2000), 42.
31. 'Senegal Secures Satellite System', Corporate Africa, 16, no.1, edition 888 (2000), 47.
32. World Bank, African Development Indicators 2001, http://www.worldbank.org/html/extrdr.
33. Daniel Pare, 'B2B E-Commerce Services and Developing Countries: Disentangling Myth from Reality', paper prepared for Association of Internet Researchers International Conference, Maastricht, 13-16 October 2002, 2.
34. The Commonwealth of Learning, 'Perspectives on Distance Education: Telecentres - case studies', 99. http://www.col.org/telecentres.
35. 'Ideas for Dot.force G-8', UK documents, Digital Opportunity Task Force, http://www.oneworld.org.
36. 'Okinawa Charter on the Global Information Society', http://www.g8kyushu-okinawa.go.jp/e/documents/it1.html.
37. 'First Meeting of Digital Opportunity Taskforce' 30 November 2000, http://www.g8kyushu-okinawa.go.jp/e/genoa/it1.html
38. Commission on Global Governance, Our Global Neighbourhood (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), 3-4.
39. Peter Hajnal, The G7/G8 System: Evolution, Role and Documentation (Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 1999).
40. Andrea De Guttry cited in Hajnal, The G7/G8 System, 45.
41. Kwesi Owusu, John Garrett and Stuart Croft, 'Eye of the Needle: the Africa Debt Report', Jubilee 2000, November 2000, http://www.jubilee2000uk.org.
42. Catherine Mann, 'Electronic Commerce in Developing Countries: Issues for Domestic Policy and WTO Negotiations', Institute for International Economics, March 2000, 12.
43. 'SA may have to pay R40m for .com name', Independent On-Line (South Africa) (29 January 2001), http://www.iol.co.za.
44. Robert Wade, 'Bridging the Digital Divide: New Route to Development or Form of Dependency?', Global Governance, 8, no.4 (2002): 78.
45. Arthur Manhica, 'An Internet Boom in Mozambique', Issue No. 42, AITEC, http://www.balancingact-africa.com/news/back/balancing-act42.html, no date.
46. UNDP, 'Mozambique: Education and Human Development - Trajectory, Lessons and Challenges for the 21st century' (Maputo: UNDP, 2000), 20, 67.
47. Duncan Pruett and James Deane, 'The Internet and Poverty: Real Help or Real Hype?', Briefing No. 28, 1 June 1998, http://www.panos.org.uk/resources/reportdetails.asp?id=1049.
48. BBC Online, 'Bridging the Digital Divide in Namibia', 18 November 2001, http://www.news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech.
49. Mike Jensen, 'African Internet Connectivity', http://www3.sn.apc.org/africa/partial.html.
50. IRIN, 23 January 2001, http://www.irin.ocha.org.
51. BBC, 'Africa Calling: the Mobile Revolution', Focus on Africa (January-March 2004), 19-25.
52. Southscan, Monthly Regional Bulletin, November 2000, 3.