Characterization and physical properties of cellulose acetates

Macromolecular Symposia

Volumn 208, Issue , 2004, Pages 81-166

  Zugenmaier, Peter ^a  

^a CLAUSTHAL UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Intrinsic viscosity; Light scattering; Properties of fibers, films, thermoplastics; Structures of solids, liquid crystals, solutions; Thermal, mechanical, viscoelastic properties

Indexed keywords

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DERIVATIVES; ESTERS; LIQUID CRYSTALS; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS; VISCOELASTICITY; VISCOSITY;

CELLULOSE TRIACETATES; SOLID STATES;

CELLULOSE;

CELLULOSE; CELLULOSE ACETATE; CELLULOSE TRIACETATE; ESTER;

AQUEOUS SOLUTION; CHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CONFERENCE PAPER; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; FLOW KINETICS; LIQUID CRYSTAL; MACROMOLECULE; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; SOLID STATE; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TENSILE STRENGTH; THERMAL ANALYSIS; VISCOELASTICITY; VISCOSITY;

CELLULOSE ACETATE; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DEGREE OF SUBSTITUTION; ESTERS; LIQUID CRYSTALS; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; VISCOELASTICITY; VISCOSITY;

EID: 4644299766     PISSN: 10221360     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1002/masy.200450407     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (139)

1. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
2. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
3. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
4. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
5. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
6. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
7. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
8. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
9. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
10. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
11. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
12. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
13. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
14. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
15. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
16. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
17. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
18. th ed., VCH, Weinheim 1986. H. F. Mark, N. G. Gaylord, N. M. Bikales, Eds., "Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology", Vol. 3, John Wiley & Sons, New York 1965. G. Becker, D. Braun, Eds., "Technische Thermoplaste", Kunststoff-Handbuch, Vol. 3, Hanser, München 1992. D. Klemm, B. Philipp, T. Heinze, U. Heinze, W. Wagenknecht, "Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 1998. H. Domininghaus, "Die Kunststoffe und ihre Eigenschaften", Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1998. W. E. Morton, J. W. S. Hearle, "Physical Properties of Textile Fibers", The Textile Institute, Manchester, 1986. H. D. Noether, Cellulose triacetate: A material for separating chiral isomers, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 217-231. K. Kamide, H. Iijima, Recent advances in cellulose membranes, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 189-206. K. J. Edgar, C. M. Buchanan, J. S. Debenham, P. A. Rundquist, B. D. Seiler, M. C. Shelton, D. Tindall, Advances in cellulose ester performances and application, Prog. Polym. Sci. 2001, 26, 1605-1688. Liquid Crystals: D. G. Gray, B. R. Harkness,. Chiral nematic mesophases of lyotropic and thermtropic cellulose derivatives, in "Liquid Crystalline and Mesomorphic Polymers", V. P. Shibaev, L. Lam, Eds., Springer Verlag, New York, 1994, 298. R. D. Gilbert, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives as Liquid Crystals, in "Agricultural and Synthetic Polymers", J. E. Glass, G. Swift, Eds., ACS Symposium Series 433, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1990, 259. J. X. Guo, D. G. Gray, Lyotropic Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 25-45. P. Zugenmaier, Polymer Solvent Interaction, in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Cellulose Derivatives in "Cellulosics Polymers", R. D. Gilbert, Ed., Hanser Publishers, Munich, 1994, 71-94. P. Zugenmaier, Cellulosic Liquid Crystals, in "Handbook of Liquid Crystals", Vol. 3, D. Demus, J. Goodby., G. W. Gray, H.-W. Spiess, V. Vill, Eds., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998, 453-482. P. Zugenmaier, Supramolecular Structure of Polysaccharides, in "Polysaccharides", S. Dumitriu, Ed., Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York 1998, 57-100.
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