Hardiness and the concept of courage

Consulting Psychology Journal

Volumn 56, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 173-185

  Woodard, Cooper R ^a,b  

^a Fielding Graduate Institute   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 4644295208     PISSN: 10614087     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/1065-9293.56.3.0     Document Type: Review

References (24)

1. Adler, A. (1979). Superiority and social interest: A collection of later writings. New York: W. W. Norton.
2. Beck, A. T., Emery, G., & Greenberg, R. L. (1985). Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective. New York: Basic Books.
3. Brookings, J., & Bolton, B. (1997). A longitudinal, structural equation analysis of stress, hardiness, social support, depression, and illness. Multivariate Experimental Research, 11(3), 109-120.
4. Clark, L., & Hartman, M. (1996). Effects of hardiness and appraisal on the psychological distress and physical health of caregivers. Research on Aging, 18(4), 379-401.
5. Crowne, D. P., & Marlowe, D. (1960). A new scale of social desirability independent of psychopathology. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24, 349-354.
6. DeVellis, R. F. (1991). Scale development: Theory and applications. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
7. Finfgeld, D. L. (1995). Becoming and being courageous in the chronically ill elderly. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 16(1), 1-11.
8. Finfgeld, D. L. (1999). Courage as a process of pushing beyond the struggle. Qualitative Health Resources, 9(6), 803-814.
9. Florian, V., Mikulincer, M., & Taubman, O. (1995). Does hardiness contribute to mental heath during a stressful real-life situation? The roles of appraisal and coping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 687-695.
10. Kobasa, S. (1977). Stress, personality, and health: A study of an overlooked possibility. Dissertation Abstracts International, 38(5), 2430B.
11. Kobasa, S., Maddi, S. R., & Kahn, S. (1982). Hardiness and health: A prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 42, 168-177.
12. Kobasa, S., Maddi, S. R., & Puccetti, M. C. (1982). Personality and exercise as buffers in the stress-illness relationship. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 5(4), 391-404.
13. Maddi, S. (1990). Issues and interventions in 1 stress mastery. In H. S. Friedman (Ed.), Personality and disease (pp. 121-154). New York: Wiley.
14. Maddi, S. (1998a). Creating meaning through making decisions. In T. P. Wong & P. S. Fry (Eds.), The human quest for meaning (pp. 9-26). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
15. Maddi, S. (1998b). The effectiveness of hardiness training. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research, 50, 78-86.
16. Maddi, S., & Khoshaba, D. M. (2000). PVSIIIR test development and online instruction manual. Newport Beach, CA: The Hardiness Institute.
17. Putnam, D. (1997). Psychological courage. Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology, 4(1), 1-11.
18. Rabkin, J. G., & Struening, E. L. (1976). Life events, stress, and illness. Science, 194, 1013-1020.
19. Schmidt, N. B., & Koselka, M. (2000). Gender differences in patients with panic disorder: Evaluating cognitive mediation of phobic avoidance. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24(5), 531-548.
20. Stewart, A. L., Hays, R. D., & Ware, J. E. (1992). Methods of constructing health measures. In A. L. Stewart & J. E. Ware (Eds.), Measuring functioning and well-being (pp. 67-85). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
21. Szagun, G. (1992). Age-related changes in children's understanding of courage. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 153(4), 405-420.
22. Tillich, P. (1952). The courage to be. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
23. Webster's new collegiate dictionary. (1999). Springfield, MA: Merriam.
24. Wyler, A. R., Masuda, M., & Holmes, T. H. (1968). Seriousness of Illness Rating Scale. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 11, 363-375.