Hemodilution during cardiopulmonary bypass increases cerebral infarct volume after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats

Anesthesia and Analgesia

Volumn 99, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 974-981

  Homi, H Mayumi ^a   Yang, Hong ^a   Pearlstein, Robert D ^a   Grocott, Hilary P ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BRAIN INFARCTION SIZE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; CONTROLLED STUDY; HEMODILUTION; HYPOTHERMIA; MALE; MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY OCCLUSION; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZATION; RAT; SCORING SYSTEM;

ANIMALS; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; BRAIN; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; HEMODILUTION; HEMODYNAMIC PROCESSES; HEMOGLOBINS; HYPOTHERMIA, INDUCED; INFARCTION, MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY; MALE; RATS; RATS, WISTAR;

EID: 4644220009     PISSN: 00032999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000131504.90754.D0     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Wolman R, Nussmeier N, Aggarwal A, et al. Cerebral injury after cardiac surgery: identification of a group at extraordinary risk - Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia Research Group (McSPI) and the Ischemia Research Education Foundation (IREF) Investigators. Stroke 1999;30:514-22.
2. Newman M, Kirchner J, Phillips-Bute B, et al. Longitudinal assessment of neurocognitive function after coronary artery bypass surgery. N Engl J Med 2001;344:395-402.
3. Heltne JK, Koller ME, Lund T, et al. Dynamic evaluation of fluid shirts during normothermic and hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in piglets. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2000;44:1220-5.
4. Duebener LF, Sakamoto T, Hatsuoka S, et al. Effects of hematocrit on cerebral microcirculation and tissue oxygenation during deep hypothermic bypass. Circulation 2001;104(Suppl 1):1260-4.
5. Sekaran P, Ehrlich MP, Hagl C, et al. A comparison of complete blood replacement with varying hematocrit levels on neurological recovery in a porcine model of profound hypothermic (<5°C) circulatory arrest. Anesth Analg 2001;92:329-34.
6. Sakamoto T, Zurakowski D, Duebener LF, et al. Combination of alpha-stat strategy and hemodilution exacerbates neurologic injury in a survival piglet model with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Ann Thorac Surg 2002;73:180-90.
7. Schell RM, Cole DJ, Schultz RL, Osborne TN. Temporary cerebral ischemia: effects of pentastarch or albumin on reperfusion injury. Anesthesiology 1992;77:86-92.
8. Yanaka K, Camarata PJ, Spellman SR, et al. Optimal timing of hemodilution for brain protection in a canine model of focal cerebral ischemia. Stroke 1996;27:906-12.
9. Chileuitt L, Leber K, McCalden T, Weinstein PR. Induced hypertension during ischemia reduces infarct area after temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Surg Neurol 1996;26:229-34.
10. Cole DJ, Drummond JC, Osborne TN, Matsumura J. Hypertension and hemodilution during cerebral ischemia reduce brain injury and edema. Am J Physiol 1990;259:H211-7.
11. Cole DJ, Drummond JC, Patel PM, Reynolds LR. Hypervolemic-hemodilution during cerebral ischemia in rats: effect of diaspirin cross-linked hemoglobin (DCLHb) on neurologic outcome and infarct volume. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 1997;9:44-50.
12. Cole DJ, Drummond JC, Shapiro HM, et al. The effect of hypervolemic hemodilution with and without hypertension on cerebral blood flow following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats anesthetized with isoflurane. Anesthesiology 1989;71:580-5.
13. Hall TS. The pathophysiology of cardiopulmonary bypass: the risks and benefits of hemodilution. Chest 1995;107:1125-33.
14. Cook DJ, Orszulak TA, Daly RC. Minimum hematocrit at differing cardiopulmonary bypass temperatures in dogs. Circulation 1998;98(19 Suppl):II170-4.
15. Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals (publication No. 86-23). Bethesda, MD: Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, 1996.
16. Dietrich W, Busto R, Valdes I, Loor Y. Effects of normothermic versus mild hyperthermic forebrain ischemia in rats. Stroke 1990;21:1318-25.
17. Belayev L, Alonso OF, Busto R, et al. Middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat by intraluminal suture: neurological and pathological evaluation of an improved model. Stroke 1996;27:1616-23.
18. Yang H, Homi HM, Smith BE, Grocott HP. Cardiopulmonary bypass reduces the MAC of isoflurane in the rat. Anesth Analg 2003;96:SCA35.
19. Garcia JH, Liu K-F, Ho K-L. Neuronal necrosis after middle cerebral artery occlusion in Wistar rats progresses at different time intervals in the caudoputamen and the cortex. Stroke 1995;26:636-43.
20. Cole DJ, Drummond JC, Ghazal EA, Shapiro HM. A reversible component of cerebral injury as identified by the histochemical stain 2,3,5- triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). Acta Neuropathol 1990;80:152-5.
21. Stump D, Rogers A, Hammon J, et al. Cerebral emboli and cognitive outcome after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996;10:113-9.
22. Pugsley W, Klinger L, Paschalis C, et al. The impact of microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass on neuropsychological functioning. Stroke 1994;25:1393-9.
23. Mutch WA, Ryner LN, Kozlowski P, et al. Cerebral hypoxia during cardiopulmonary bypass: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Ann Thorac Surg 1997;64:695-701.
24. Murkin J. Cardiopulmonary bypass and the inflammatory response: a role for serine protease inhibitors? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1997;11:19-23.
25. Hindman BJ, Moore SA, Cutkomp J, et al. Brain expression of inducible cyclooxygenase 2 messenger RNA in rats undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology 2001;95:1380-8.
26. Harris D, Oatridge A, Dob D, et al. Cerebral swelling after normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesthesiology 1998;88:340-5.
27. Grocott HP, Mackensen GB, Grigore AM, et al. Postoperative hyperthermia is associated with cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Stroke 2002;33:537-41.
28. Tardiff B, Newman M, Saunders A, et al. Preliminary report of a genetic basis for cognitive decline after cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 1997;64:715-20.
29. Mathew JP, Rinder CS, Howe JG, et al. Platelet P1A2 polymorphism enhances risk of neurocognitive decline after cardiopulmonary bypass: Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group. Ann Thorac Surg 2001;71:663-6.
30. Taylor KM. Central nervous system effects of cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg 1998;66:S20-4.
31. Sungurtekin H, Cook DJ, Orszulak TA, et al. Cerebral response to hemodilution during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in adults. Anesth Analg 1999;89:1078-83.
32. Groom RC. High or low hematocrits during cardiopulmonary bypass for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery? An evidence-based approach to the question. Perfusion 2001;16:339-43.
33. Liam B-L, Plochl W, Cook DJ, et al. Hemodilution and whole body oxygen balance during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998;115:1203-8.
34. Martineau RJ. Pro: a hematocrit of 20% is adequate to wean a patient from cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996;10:291-3.
35. Mossad E, Estafanous F. A hematocrit of 20% is not adequate for separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 1996;10:294-5.
36. DeFoe GR, Ross CS, Olmstead EM, et al. Lowest hematocrit on bypass and adverse outcomes associated with coronary artery bypass grafting: Northern New England Cardiovascular Disease Study Group. Ann Thorac Surg 2001;71:769-76.
37. Kee DB, Wood JH. Rheology of the cerebral circulation. Neurosurgery 1984;15:125-31.
38. Lee SH, Heros RC, Mullan JC, Korosue K. Optimum degree of hemodilution for brain protection in a canine model of focal cerebral ischemia. J Neurosurg 1994;80:469-75.
39. Ohtaki M, Tranmer BI. Role of hypervolemic hemodilution in focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Surg Neurol 1993;40:196-206.
40. Wainwright MS, Sheng H, Sato Y, et al. Pharmacological correction of hypothermic P50 shift does not alter outcome from focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2002;282:H1863-70.
41. Mackensen GB, Sato Y, Nellgard B, et al. Cardiopulmonary bypass induces neurologic and neurocognitive dysfunction in the rat. Anesthesiology 2001;95:1485-91.