Estimation of snow depth in the UK using the HUT snow emission model

International Journal of Remote Sensing

Volumn 29, Issue 14, 2008, Pages 4249-4267

  Butt, M J ^a   Kelly, R E J ^b  

^a Department of Electrical Computer Engineering   (Pakistan)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; BINARY ALLOYS; FORESTRY; FORWARD SCATTERING; LUMINANCE; MEAN SQUARE ERROR; MICROWAVE SENSORS; NUMERICAL METHODS; RADIATION EFFECTS; REMOTE SENSING; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SNOW MELTING SYSTEMS;

APPLICATION OF ALGORITHMS; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES; ELECTROMAGNETIC RESPONSE; HELSINKI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY; MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING; ROOT MEAN SQUARE ERRORS; SEMI-EMPIRICAL MODELING; SPECIAL SENSOR MICROWAVE IMAGERS;

SNOW;

ALGORITHM; BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE; DEPTH DETERMINATION; NUMERICAL MODEL; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SNOW COVER; SSM-I;

EURASIA; EUROPE; UNITED KINGDOM; WESTERN EUROPE;

EID: 46349100262     PISSN: 01431161     EISSN: 13665901     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01431160801891754     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Armstrong, R. L. (1985) Metamorphism in a subfreezing, seasonal snow cover.
2. Armstrong, R. L., Chang, A. T. C., Rango, A. and Josberger, E. (1993) Snow depth and grain size relationships with relevance for passive microwave studies. Analysis of Glaciology, 17, pp. 171-176.
3. Bahr, D. B. and Meier, M. F. (2000) Snow patch and glacier size distributions. Water Resources Research, 36, pp. 495-501.
4. Burke, H. K., Bowley, C. J. and Barnes, J. C. (1984) Determination of snow pack properties from satellite passive microwave measurements. Remote Sensing of Environment, 15, pp. 1-20.
5. Chang, A. T. C., Foster, J. L. and Hall, D. K. (1987) Nimbus-7 SMMR derived global snow cover parameters. Annals of Glaciology, 9, pp. 39-44.
6. Chang, A. T. C., Gloersen, P., Schmugge, T. J., Wiheit, T. and Zwally, H. J. (1976) Microwave emission from snow and glacier ice. Journal of Glaciology, 16, pp. 23-39.
7. Colbeck, S. C. (1982) An overview of seasonal snow metamorphism. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, 20, pp. 45-61.
8. Colbeck, S. C. (1986) Classification of seasonal snow cover crystals. Water Resources Research, 22, pp. 59S-70S.
9. Derksen, C., Brown, R. and Walker, A. (2004) Mapping conventional (1915-92) and passive microwave (1978-2002) estimates of snow extent and water equivalent over Central North America. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 5, pp. 850-861.
10. Derksen, C., LeDrew, E., Walker, A. and Goodison (2000) Influence of sensor overpass time on passive microwave-derived snow cover parameters. Remote Sensing of Environment, 71, pp. 297-308.
11. Derksen, C., Walker, A. and Goodison, B. (2003) A comparison of 18 winter seasons of in situ and passive microwave-derived snow water equivalent estimates in Western Canada. Remote Sensing of Environment, 88, pp. 271-282.
12. Derksen, C., Walker, A., LeDrew, E. and Goodison, B. (2002) Time series analysis of passive microwave derived central North American snow water equivalent imagery. Annals of Glaciology, 34, pp. 1-7.
13. Derksen, C., Walker, A., LeDrew, E. and Goodison, B. (2003) Combining SMMR and SSM/I data for time series analysis of central North American snow water equivalent. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 4, pp. 304-316.
14. Edwards, P. N. (1981) Yield Models for Forest Management,.
15. Ferguson, R. I. (1985) High densities, water equivalents, and melt rates of snow in the Cairngorm mountains, Scotland. Weather, 40, pp. 272-277.
16. Foster, J. L., Chang, A. T. C. and Hall, D. K. (1997) Comparison of snow mass estimates from a prototype passive microwave snow algorithm, a revised algorithm and a snow depth climatology. Remote Sensing of Environment, 62, pp. 132-142.
17. Foster, J. L., Hall, D. K., Chang, A. T. C., Rango, A., Wergin, W. and Erbe, E. (1999) Effects of snow crystal shape on the scattering of passive microwave radiation. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 37, pp. 1165-1168.
18. Foster, J. L., Liston, G. and Koster, R. (1996) Snow cover and snow mass intercomparison of general circulation models and remotely sensed data sets. Journal of Climatology, 9, pp. 409-426.
19. Foster, J. L., Sun, C., Walker, J. P., Kelly, R. E. J., Chang, A., Gong, J. and Powell, H. (2005) Quantifying the uncertainty in passive microwave snow water equivalent observations. Remote Sensing of Environment, 94, pp. 187-203.
20. Fuller, R. M., Groom, G. B. and Jones, A. R. (1994) The Land Cover Map of Great Britian: An automated classification of Landsat Thematic Mapper data. Photogrametric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 60, pp. 553-562.
21. Gong, G., Entekhabi, D., Cohen, J. and Robinson, D. (2004) Sensitivity of atmospheric response to modeled snow anomaly characteristics. Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, p. D06107.
22. Hallikainen, M. T., Ulaby, F. T. and Deventer, T. E. V. (1987) Extinction behaviour of dry snow in the 18-to-90 GHz range. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, pp. 737-745.
23. Hiltbrunner, D. and Matzler, C. (1997) Land surface temperature retrieval and snow discrimination using SSM/I data. Proceedings of the EARSeL Workshop on Remote Sensing of Land Ice and Snow, pp. 87-94. University of Freiburg, Germany
24. Hsu, M. -L. and Robinson, A. H. (1970) The Fidelity of Isopleth Maps-An Experimental Study, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis
25. Kelly, R. E. J. and Chang, A. T. C. (2003) Development of a passive microwave global snow depth retrieval algorithm for Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E) data. Radio Science, 38
26. Kelly, R. E. J., Chang, A. T. C., Tsang, L. and Foster, J. L. (2003) A prototype AMSR-E global snow area and snow depth algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 41, pp. 230-242.
27. Kurvonen, L. and Hallikainen, M. (1997) Influence of land cover category on brightness temperature of snow. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 35, pp. 367-377.
28. Matzler, C. and Standley, A. (2000) Technical note: Relief effects for passive microwave remote sensing. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 21, pp. 2403-2412.
29. Poe, G. A. (1990) Optimum interpolation of imaging microwave radiometer data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 28, pp. 800-810.
30. Pulliainen, J., Karna, J. -P. and Hallikainen, M. T. (1993) Development of geophysical retrieval algorithms for the MIMR. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 31, pp. 268-277.
31. Pulliainen, J. T., Grandell, J. and Hallikainen, M. T. (1997) Retrieval of surface temperature in boreal forest zone from SSM/I data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 35, pp. 1188-1200.
32. Pulliainen, J. T., Grandell, J. and Hallikainen, M. T. (1999) HUT snow emission model and its applicability to snow water equivalent retrieval. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 37, pp. 1378-1390.
33. Pulliainen, J. T. and Hallikainen, M. T. (2001) Retrieval of regional snow water equivalent from space-borne passive microwave observations. Remote Sensing of Environment, 75, pp. 76-85.
34. Rango, A., Chang, A. T. C. and Foster, J. L. (1979) The utilization of spaceborne microwave radiometers for monitoring snow pack properties. Nordic Hydrology, 10, pp. 25-40.
35. Sturm, M., Holmgren, J. and Liston, G. (1995) A seasonal snow cover classification system for local to global applications. Journal of Climate, 8, pp. 1261-1283.
36. Tedesco, M. and Edward, J. K. (2006) Intercomparison of Electromagnetic Models for Passive Microwave Remote Sensing of Snow. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44, pp. 2654-2666.
37. Tedesco, M. and Kim, E. J. (2006) Retrieval of dry snow parameters from microwave radiometric data using a dense-medium model and genetic algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44, pp. 2143-2151.
38. Tedesco, M. and Kim, E. J. (2006) Intercomparison of electromagnetic models for passive microwave remote sensing of snow. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 44, pp. 2654-2666.
39. Tedesco, M., Pulliainen, J. T., Pampaloni, P. and Hallikainen, M. T. (2004) Artificial neural network based techniques for the retrieval of SWE and snow depth from SSM/I data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 90, pp. 76-85.
40. Tsang, L., Chen, C., Chang, A. T. C., Guo, J. and Ding, K. (2000) Dense media radiative transfer theory based on quasicrystalline approximation with applications to passive microwave remote sensing of snow. Radio Science, 35, pp. 731-749.
41. Ulaby, F. T. and Stiles, W. H. (1980) The active and passive microwave response to snow parameters. Part II: Water equivalent of dry snow. Journal of Geophysical Research, 83, pp. 1045-1049.
42. Varotsos, C. (2005) Power-law correlations in column ozone over Antarctica. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 26, pp. 3333-3342.
43. Varotsos, C. (2005) Modern computational techniques for environmental data: Application to the global ozone layer. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 3516, pp. 504-510.
44. 2 concentration at Mauna Loa. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7, pp. 629-634.
45. Varotsos, C. and Kirk-Davidoff, D. (2006) Long-memory processes in ozone and temperature variations at the region 60°S-60°N. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6, pp. 4093-4100.
46. Varotsos, C., Ondov, J. and Efstathiou, M. (2005) Scaling properties of air pollution in Athens, Greece and Baltimore, Maryland. Atmospheric Environment, 39, pp. 4041-4047.
47. Varotsos, C. A., Ondov, J. M., Cracknell, A. P., Efstathiou, M. N. and Assimakopoulos, M. N. (2006) Long-range persistence in global aerosol index dynamics. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 27, pp. 3593-3603.
48. Walker, A. and Silis, A. (2002) Snow cover variations over the Mackenzie River basin from SSM/I passive microwave satellite data. Annals of Glaciology, 34, pp. 8-14.
49. Wegmuller, U. and Matzler, C. (1999) Rough bare soil reflectivity model. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 37, pp. 1391-1395.