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Volumn 107, Issue 428, 2008, Pages 313-332

The United States, Ghana and oil: Global and local perspectives

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEEP DRILLING; ENERGY POLICY; ENERGY RESOURCE; HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION; OIL SUPPLY;

EID: 46149092262     PISSN: 00019909     EISSN: 14682621     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/afraf/adn019     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (60)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 46149092857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • I thank all the Ghanaian politicians, officials, and friends who talked with me off the record about the subiect matter of this article. Not least, their conversation was invaluable in pointing me towards materials in the oublic domain that I profited from reading
    • I thank all the Ghanaian politicians, officials, and friends who talked with me off the record about the subiect matter of this article. Not least, their conversation was invaluable in pointing me towards materials in the oublic domain that I profited from reading.
  • 2
    • 46149099670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See S. Hanson. 'The Pentagon's new Africa Command' (paner prepared for the Council on Foreign Relations, Washington, 3 May 2007).
    • See S. Hanson. 'The Pentagon's new Africa Command' (paner prepared for the Council on Foreign Relations, Washington, 3 May 2007).
  • 3
    • 46149102791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • for the ASC briefing document see 'Africa Command: US strate6c interests and the role of the US military in Africa' (paper prepared by the Conaressional Research Service, CRS OC RL34003, 6 Tuly 2007),
    • for the ASC briefing document see 'Africa Command: US strate6c interests and the role of the US military in Africa' (paper prepared by the Conaressional Research Service, CRS OC RL34003, 6 Tuly 2007),
  • 4
    • 46149084281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • for AFRICOM see Scan McFate, 'Briefing US Africa Command: Next step or next stumble?', African Affairs 107, 426 (2008), pp. 111-10.
    • for AFRICOM see Scan McFate, 'Briefing US Africa Command: Next step or next stumble?', African Affairs 107, 426 (2008), pp. 111-10.
  • 5
    • 46149100601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United States Conaress, 'Senate Armed Services Committee nominations hearing'. held in the Hart Senate Office Building, Washington. Thursday 27 September 2007.
    • United States Conaress, 'Senate Armed Services Committee nominations hearing'. held in the Hart Senate Office Building, Washington. Thursday 27 September 2007.
  • 6
    • 46149085255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oil industrv data estimated that Nigeria exported 38.3 million barrels of oil to the United States in the first nine months of 2007, not far behind Saudi Arabia's 43.4 million barrels.
    • Oil industrv data estimated that Nigeria exported 38.3 million barrels of oil to the United States in the first nine months of 2007, not far behind Saudi Arabia's 43.4 million barrels.
  • 9
    • 46149088784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Andy Rowell, James Marriott. and Lorne Stockman, The Next Gulf: London. Washington and oil conflict in Nigeria (Constable and Robinson, London, 2005).
    • Andy Rowell, James Marriott. and Lorne Stockman, The Next Gulf: London. Washington and oil conflict in Nigeria (Constable and Robinson, London, 2005).
  • 10
    • 46149086216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See M. Klare, Bush-Cheney Energy Strategy: Procuring the rest of the world's oil (Foreign Policy in Focus, Washinaton DC and Silver City NM, 2004);
    • See M. Klare, Bush-Cheney Energy Strategy: Procuring the rest of the world's oil (Foreign Policy in Focus, Washinaton DC and Silver City NM, 2004);
  • 11
    • 46149127639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Papers detail industry's role in Cheney's energy report
    • 18 July
    • M. Abramowitz and S. Mufson, 'Papers detail industry's role in Cheney's energy report'. Washington Post, 18 July 2007.
    • (2007) Washington Post
    • Abramowitz, M.1    Mufson, S.2
  • 12
    • 46149107968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See T. Holt. 'It's the oil'. London. Review of Books 29, 20 (18 October 2007). nn. 3-4, which argues that the 2003 invasion of Iraq was designed to plant a long-term US miltary presence in that country in order to exploit its oil reserves and to end US dependence on Saudi Arabia.
    • See T. Holt. 'It's the oil'. London. Review of Books 29, 20 (18 October 2007). nn. 3-4, which argues that the 2003 invasion of Iraq was designed to plant a long-term US miltary presence in that country in order to exploit its oil reserves and to end US dependence on Saudi Arabia.
  • 14
    • 46149093548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Profile Books, London, is an insider's account of these manoeuvres
    • Duncan Clarke, Empires of Oil: Corporate oil in barbarian worlds (Profile Books, London, 2007). pp. 253-6. is an insider's account of these manoeuvres.
    • (2007) Empires of Oil: Corporate oil in barbarian worlds , pp. 253-256
    • Clarke, D.1
  • 15
    • 46149108200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See H. J. Cohen, 'The United States and Africa: Non-vital interest also require attention'. American. Diplomacy: Foreign Servire Despatches and Periodic Reports on United States Foreign Policy 8 (2003);
    • See H. J. Cohen, 'The United States and Africa: Non-vital interest also require attention'. American. Diplomacy: Foreign Servire Despatches and Periodic Reports on United States Foreign Policy 8 (2003);
  • 16
    • 46149087618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AD is an electronic quarterly, published by American Diplomacy Publishers, a non-profit organization created by Foreigy Service personnel in North Carolina. Cohen's paper is also available at .
    • AD is an electronic quarterly, published by American Diplomacy Publishers, a non-profit organization created by Foreigy Service personnel in North Carolina. Cohen's paper is also available at .
  • 17
    • 46149108438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See further, paper prepared for the Center for Strategic and International Studies CSIS, Washington, 5 October
    • See further J. S. Morrison, 'AFRICOM' (paper prepared for the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Washington, 5 October 2007).
    • (2007) AFRICOM
    • Morrison, J.S.1
  • 18
    • 46149116183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For obituaries consult
    • 14 November
    • For obituaries consult The New York Times, 14 November 2004;
    • (2004) The New York Times
  • 20
    • 46149105524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The San Diezo Union-Tribune, 23 November
    • The San Diezo Union-Tribune, 23 November 2004.
    • (2004)
  • 21
    • 46149090202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maxted's Halbouty Lecture, entitled 'Exploration perspectives and paradigms: Finding oil in the future', was Oven on 19 April 2004.
    • Maxted's Halbouty Lecture, entitled 'Exploration perspectives and paradigms: Finding oil in the future', was Oven on 19 April 2004.
  • 22
    • 46149083815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For the text see AAPd Explorer Online, (Tune 2004).
    • For the text see AAPd Explorer Online, (Tune 2004).
  • 23
    • 46149110636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For licences and holdings see
    • For licences and holdings see .
  • 24
    • 46149103981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For Anadarko see the New York Times business archive at
    • For Anadarko see the New York Times business archive at
  • 26
    • 46149097967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Tullow Oil's corporate website at
    • See Tullow Oil's corporate website at
  • 27
    • 46149115708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • and see 'Ireland's Tullow Oil feasts on leftovers: The Indie ooerator is cleaning in places the majors passed over'. Business Week, 28 March 2005.
    • and see 'Ireland's Tullow Oil feasts on leftovers: The Indie ooerator is cleaning in places the majors passed over'. Business Week, 28 March 2005.
  • 28
    • 46149127442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consult here N. Smith, G. Tari, T. Manu, N. Adzei-Akpor, and D. Valasek, 'Regional-scale tectonostratigyraphic evolution and petroleum system of the Tano Basin, Ghana' (paper presented at the panel on 'New insights into the East Atlantic margin and sub-Saharan Africa'. AAPG Annual Conference, Dallas, 11-14 September 2005).
    • Consult here N. Smith, G. Tari, T. Manu, N. Adzei-Akpor, and D. Valasek, 'Regional-scale tectonostratigyraphic evolution and petroleum system of the Tano Basin, Ghana' (paper presented at the panel on 'New insights into the East Atlantic margin and sub-Saharan Africa'. AAPG Annual Conference, Dallas, 11-14 September 2005).
  • 29
    • 46149118727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Kosmos Enerav. 'Kosmos Energy's Mahogany-1 well discovers oil offshore Republic of Ghana' (news release via Business Wire, 18 June 2007);
    • See Kosmos Enerav. 'Kosmos Energy's Mahogany-1 well discovers oil offshore Republic of Ghana' (news release via Business Wire, 18 June 2007);
  • 30
    • 46149109549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Hyedua-1 well confirms Kosmos Energy's Mahogany field discoverv offshore Ghana' (ibid., 22 August 2007).
    • 'Hyedua-1 well confirms Kosmos Energy's Mahogany field discoverv offshore Ghana' (ibid., 22 August 2007).
  • 31
    • 46149122151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See CITAC Consultants, 'Cote d'Ivoire - oil and aas: Crude petroleum and natural gas' (briefing paper. Paris, 2007).
    • See CITAC Consultants, 'Cote d'Ivoire - oil and aas: Crude petroleum and natural gas' (briefing paper. Paris, 2007).
  • 32
    • 46149119737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • At the same time AGIP and its partner ENU built three more refineries on the Tema model in Coruzo-Zaire, Tanzania and Zambia
    • At the same time AGIP and its partner ENU built three more refineries on the Tema model in Coruzo-Zaire, Tanzania and Zambia.
  • 34
    • 46149090440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. C. McCaskie and L. Brydon, interviews with John Elliot Paa Kwesi Hagan, Accra, 1983.
    • T. C. McCaskie and L. Brydon, interviews with John Elliot Paa Kwesi Hagan, Accra, 1983.
  • 36
    • 46149089504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BBC, 'Ghana will be an African Tiger' (news release, London, 19 June 2007).
    • BBC, 'Ghana "will be an African Tiger"' (news release, London, 19 June 2007).
  • 37
    • 46149102335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See , General News, Trez aspirants pay C10m to speak', 8 October 2007.
    • See , General News, Trez aspirants pay C10m to speak', 8 October 2007.
  • 38
  • 39
    • 46149127443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For an extreme example see Ghana Review International, Gri News (Politics and National Development), 'Your view point', message from 'George in Norway', 19 June 2007.
    • For an extreme example see Ghana Review International, Gri News (Politics and National Development), 'Your view point', message from 'George in Norway', 19 June 2007.
  • 40
    • 46149089031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See 'Ghana has huge oil potential - GNPC', , Business News (3 July 2007).
    • See 'Ghana has huge oil potential - GNPC', , Business News (3 July 2007).
  • 42
    • 46149116184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See Jubilation over oil discoverv'. . General News (19 Tune 2007).
    • See Jubilation over oil discoverv'. . General News (19 Tune 2007).
  • 43
    • 46149124426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consult T. C. McCaskie, 'Asante, Apagyafie and President Kufuor of Ghana: A historical interpretation' in T. Falola (ed..), The Changing Worlds of Atlantic Africa: Essays in honor of Robin Law (Carolina Academic Press, Durham, NC, in press).
    • Consult T. C. McCaskie, 'Asante, Apagyafie and President Kufuor of Ghana: A historical interpretation' in T. Falola (ed..), The Changing Worlds of Atlantic Africa: Essays in honor of Robin Law (Carolina Academic Press, Durham, NC, in press).
  • 44
    • 46149096325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See 'Minister storms Parliament with dirty oil', , General News (20 Tune 2007.)
    • See 'Minister storms Parliament with "dirty oil"', , General News (20 Tune 2007.)
  • 45
    • 46149095843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ibid., 'Minority commends oil find, but says it's 37 years old' (19 Tune 2007).
    • ibid., 'Minority commends oil find, but says it's 37 years old' (19 Tune 2007).
  • 46
    • 46149118519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See ibid., 'Oil war: Minority debunks government claims' (21 Tune 2007).
    • See ibid., 'Oil war: Minority debunks government claims' (21 Tune 2007).
  • 47
    • 46149125379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tullow plumbs depths, finds "elephant
    • September
    • 'Tullow plumbs depths, finds "elephant"', Scandinavian Oil-Gas Magazine, September 2007.
    • (2007) Scandinavian Oil-Gas Magazine
  • 48
    • 46149113342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See 'GNPC rejects 800 in barrel oil discoverv', , General News (29 August 2007).
    • See 'GNPC "rejects" 800 in barrel oil discoverv', , General News (29 August 2007).
  • 49
    • 46149110637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consult most recently James Kiernan (ed.), The Power of the Occult in Modern Africa: Continuity and innovation in the renewal of African cosmologies (Lit Verlag, Berlin. 2006).
    • Consult most recently James Kiernan (ed.), The Power of the Occult in Modern Africa: Continuity and innovation in the renewal of African cosmologies (Lit Verlag, Berlin. 2006).
  • 50
    • 46149095604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consult 'God Will Durge Parliament, bishop, 21 October
    • Consult 'God Will Durge Parliament - bishop'. , General News (21 October 2007)
    • (2007) General News
  • 51
    • 46149089753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Only 10% of Ghana's gold has been discovered - preacher'. (18 October 2007).
    • Only 10% of Ghana's gold has been discovered - preacher'. (18 October 2007).
  • 52
    • 46149094489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For some discussion see T. C. McCaskie, 'Water wars in Kumasi, Ghana'in Paul Nugent and Francesca Locatelli (eds), African Cities: Competing claims on urban space (Brill, Leiden. in press);
    • For some discussion see T. C. McCaskie, 'Water wars in Kumasi, Ghana'in Paul Nugent and Francesca Locatelli (eds), African Cities: Competing claims on urban space (Brill, Leiden. in press);
  • 53
    • 46149114733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • the EIU's Ghana Report (May 2007) is available by subscription from .
    • the EIU's Ghana Report (May 2007) is available by subscription from .
  • 54
    • 46149101860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See 'NPP lacks coherent energy policy - EIU', , General News (24 July 2007).
    • See 'NPP lacks coherent energy policy - EIU', , General News (24 July 2007).
  • 55
    • 46149104214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • trillion to solve energy crisis, 14 September
    • Ibid., 'Govt spent C2 trillion to solve energy crisis' (14 September 2007).
    • (2007) Govt spent , Issue.C2
  • 57
    • 46149106450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ibid., 'Floods hit Accra' (27 March 2007). 'Floods destroy properties in Kumasi' (27 April 2007); 'Five dead, property destroyed in Accra floods'(3 June 2007).
    • Ibid., 'Floods hit Accra' (27 March 2007). 'Floods destroy properties in Kumasi' (27 April 2007); 'Five dead, property destroyed in Accra floods'(3 June 2007).
  • 59
    • 46149108439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Ghana Red Cross - almost 400,00 have lost their homes' (14 September 2007);
    • 'Ghana Red Cross - almost 400,00 have lost their homes' (14 September 2007);
  • 60
    • 46149109550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Floods: UN sends disaster assessment team' (15 September 2007);
    • 'Floods: UN sends disaster assessment team' (15 September 2007);
  • 61
    • 46149085489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • '56 deaths reported in flood disaster' (28 September 2007).
    • '56 deaths reported in flood disaster' (28 September 2007).
  • 62
    • 46149087860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See, Ghana: Floods bail out power suppyly problem, 26 September
    • See Oxford Analytica, 'Ghana: Floods bail out power suppyly problem' (26 September 2007).
    • (2007) Oxford Analytica
  • 63
    • 46149121831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See the website of the West African Gas Pipeline Company Ltd
    • See the website of the West African Gas Pipeline Company Ltd, .
  • 64
    • 46149101063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For a critical view see Friends ofthe Earth International, The Myths of the West African Gas Pipeline (FOEL London, 2006);
    • For a critical view see Friends ofthe Earth International, The Myths of the West African Gas Pipeline (FOEL London, 2006);
  • 65
    • 46149109343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • for delays see 'Progress on aas pipeline to be evaluated', . General News (3 Auaust 2007).
    • for delays see 'Progress on aas pipeline to be evaluated', . General News (3 Auaust 2007).
  • 66
    • 46149092352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For protests see 'Courting mega-disaster: Bui Dam may cause havoc' (briefing paper prepared for the UN Environmental Programme, Global 500 Forum, 1999);
    • For protests see 'Courting mega-disaster: Bui Dam may cause havoc' (briefing paper prepared for the UN Environmental Programme, Global 500 Forum, 1999);
  • 68
    • 46149124194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Rainforest Movement, 'Ghana: A dam at the cost of the trees' (Bulletin 102, 2006).
    • World Rainforest Movement, 'Ghana: A dam at the cost of the trees' (Bulletin 102, 2006).
  • 69
    • 46149103748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For Chinese participation see 'China to back $600 m Bui Dam project', , News from The Statesman (Accra) (4 November 2006).
    • For Chinese participation see 'China to back $600 m Bui Dam project', , News from The Statesman (Accra) (4 November 2006).
  • 72
    • 46149124870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'US military base in Africa: Will it be in Ghana?'. . General News (24 Aoril 2007)
    • 'US military base in Africa: Will it be in Ghana?'. . General News (24 Aoril 2007)


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