Impact of sheep grazing on nutrient budgets of dry heathlands

Applied Vegetation Science

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 391-398

  Fottner, S ^a   Hardtle W ^a   Niemeyer, M ^a   Niemeyer, T ^a   Von Oheimb, G ^a   Meyer, H ^a   Mockenhaupt, M ^a  

^a LEUPHANA UNIVERSITY OF LÜNEBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Calluna vulgaris; Deschampsia flexuosa; Heathland management; N:P ratio; Nitrogen deposition; Nutrient limitation

Indexed keywords

CALLUNA; CALLUNA VULGARIS; DESCHAMPSIA FLEXUOSA; OVIS ARIES;

EID: 46049087727     PISSN: 14022001     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2007.tb00438.x     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Aerts, R. 1993. Biomass and nutrient dynamics of dominant plant species from heathlands. In: Aerts, R. & Heil, G.W. (eds.) Heathlands: Patterns and processes in a changing environment, pp. 51-84. Kluwer, Dordrecht, NL.
2. Aerts, R., de Caluwe, H. & Beltman, B. 2003. Is the relation between nutrient supply and biodiversity co-determined by the type of nutrient limitation? Oikos 101: 489-498.
3. Alonso, I., Hartley, S.E. & Thurlow, M. 2001. Competition between heather and grasses on Scottish moorlands: Interacting effects of nutrient enrichment and grazing regime. J. Veg. Sci. 12: 249-260.
4. Armstrong, H.M., Gordon, I.J., Grant, S.A., Hutchings, N.J., Milne, J.A. & Sibbald, A.R. 1997a. A model of the grazing of hill vegetation by sheep in the UK. II. The prediction of offtake by sheep. J. Appl. Ecol. 34: 186-207.
5. Armstrong, H.M., Gordon, I.J., Grant, S.A., Hutchings, N.J., Milne, J.A. & Sibbald, A.R. 1997b. A model of the grazing of hill vegetation by sheep in the UK. I. The prediction of vegetation biomass. J. Appl. Ecol. 34: 166-185.
6. Bobbink, R., Hornung, M. & Roelofs, J.G.M. 1998. The effects of air-borne nitrogen pollutants on species diversity in natural and semi-natural European vegetation. J. Ecol. 86: 717-738.
7. Bokdam, J. 2001. Effects of browsing and grazing on cyclic succession in nutrient-limited ecosystems. J. Veg. Sci. 12: 875-886.
8. Bokdam, J. & Gleichman, J.M. 2000. Effects of grazing by free-ranging cattle on vegetation dynamics in a continental north-west European heathland. J. Appl. Ecol. 37: 415-431
9. Britton, A.J., Pearce, I.S.K. & Jones, B. 2005. Impacts of grazing on montane heath vegetation in Wales and implications for the restoration of montane areas. Biol. Conserv. 125: 515-524.
10. Bullock, J.M. & Pakeman, R.J. 1996. Grazing of lowland heath in England: Management methods and their effects on heathland vegetation. Biol. Conserv. 79: 1-13.
11. Calvo, L., Alonso, I., Marcos, E. & De Luis, E. 2007. Effects of cutting and atmospheric nitrogen deposition on vegetation biodiversity in Cantabrian heathlands. Appl. Veg. Sci. 10: 45-54.
12. Chytrý, M., Sedlaková, I. & Tichý, L. 2001. Species richness and species turnover in a successional heathland. Appl. Veg. Sci. 4: 89-96.
13. Erisman, J.W. & de Vries, W. 2000. Nitrogen deposition and effects on European forests. Environ. Rev. 8: 65-93.
14. Fottner, S., Niemeyer, T., Sieber, M. & Härdtle, W. 2004. Einfluss der Beweidung auf die Nährstoffdynamik von Sandheiden. NNA Ber. 17: 80-91.
15. Gimingham, C.H. 1994. Lowland heaths of West Europe: Management for conservation. Phytocoenologia 24: 615-626.
16. Gimingham, C.H. & Miller, G.R. 1968. Methods for the measurement of the primary production of dwarf shrub heaths. Methods for the measurement of the primary production of grassland. IBP Handbook No 6, Blackwell, Oxford, UK.
17. Grant, S.A., Barthram, G.T., Lamb, W.I.C. & Milne, J.A. 1978. Effects of season and level of grazing on the utilization of heather by sheep. 1. Responses of the sward. J. Br. Grassl. Soc. 33: 289-300.
18. Grant, S.A., Milne, J.A., Barthram, G.T. & Souter, W.G. 1982. Effects of season and level of grazing on the utilization of heather by sheep. 3. Longer-term responses and sward recovery. J. Br. Grassl. Soc. 33: 311-320.
19. Grasshoff, H., Ehrhardt, M. & Kremling, K. (eds.) 1983. Methods of seawater analysis. 2nd. ed. Verl. Chemie, Weinheim, DE.
20. Güsewell, S. 2004. N:P ratios in terrestrial plants: variation and functional significance. New Phytol. 164: 243-266.
21. Härdtle, W., Niemeyer, M., Niemeyer, T., Assmann, T. & Fottner, S. 2006. Can management compensate for atmospheric nutrient deposition in heathland ecosystems? J. Appl. Ecol. 43: 759-769.
22. Heil, G.W. & Bobbink, R. 1993. "Calluna", a simulation model for evaluation of impacts of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on dry heathlands. Ecol. Model. 68: 161-182.
23. Herrmann, M., Pust, J. & Pott, R. 2005. Leaching of nitrate and ammonium in heathland and forest ecosystems in Northwest Germany under the influence of enhanced nitrogen deposition. Plant Soil 273: 129-137.
24. Hester, A.J. & Baillie, G.J. 1998. Spatial and temporal patterns of heather use by sheep and red deer within natural heather/grass mosaics. J. Appl. Ecol. 35: 772-784.
25. Kirkham, F.W. 2001. Nitrogen uptake and nutrient limitation in six hill moorland species in relation to atmospheric nitrogen deposition in England and Wales. J. Ecol. 89: 1041-1053.
26. Lamble, K.J. & Hill, S.J. 1998. Microwave digestion procedures for environmental matrices. Analyst 123: 103-133.
27. Marcos, E., Calvo, L. & Luis-Calabuig, E. 2003. Effects of fertilisation and cutting on the chemical composition of vegetation and soils of mountain heathlands in Spain. J. Veg. Sci. 14: 417-424.
28. Milligan, A.L., Putwain, P.D., Cox, E.S., Ghorbani, J., Le Due, M.G. & Marrs, R.H. 2004. Developing an integrated land management strategy for the restoration of moorland vegetation on Molinia caerulea dominated vegetation for conservation purposes in upland Britain. Biol. Conserv. 119: 371-385.
29. Mockenhaupt, M. & Keienburg, T. 2004. Ansätze zur Untersuchung des Einflusses der Hüteschafhaltung auf die Stickstoffbilanz der Heiden im Naturschutzgebiet 'Lüneburger Heide'. NNA Ber. 17: 116-122.
30. Mohamed, A., Härdtle, W., Jirjahn, B., Niemeyer, T. & von Oheimb, G. 2007. Effects of prescribed burning on plant available nutrients in dry heathland ecosystems. Plant Ecol. 189: 279-289.
31. Moss, R., Welch, D. & Rothery, P. 1981. Effects of grazing by mountain hares and red deer on the production and chemical composition of heather. J. Appl. Ecol. 18: 487-496.
32. Mouissie, A.M., Vos, P., Verhagen, H.M.C. & Bakker, J.P. 2005. Endozoochory by free-ranging, large herbivores: Ecological correlates and perspectives for restoration. Basic Appl. Ecol. 6: 547-558.
33. Müller, J. 2004. Cost-benefit ratio and empirical examination of the acceptance of heathland maintenance in the Lüneburg Heath Nature Reserve. J. Environ. Plan. Manage. 47: 757-771.
34. Niemeyer, T., Niemeyer, M., Mohamed, A., Fottner, S. & Härdtle, W. 2005. Impact of prescribed burning on the nutrient balance of heathlands with particular reference to nitrogen and phosphorus. Appl. Veg. Sci. 8: 183-192.
35. Niemeyer, M., Niemeyer, T., Fottner, S., Härdtle, W. & Mohamed, A. 2007. Impact of sod-cutting and choppering on nutrient budgets of dry heathlands. Biol. Conserv. 134: 344-353.
36. Nilsen, L.S., Johansen, L. & Velle, L.G. 2005. Early stages of Calluna vulgaris regeneration after burning of coastal heaths on Tarva, central Norway. Appl. Veg. Sci. 8: 57-64.
37. Pakeman, R.J., Hulme, P.D., Torvell, L. & Fisher, J.M. 2003. Rehabilitation of degraded dry heather [Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull] moorland by controlled sheep grazing. Biol. Conserv. 114: 389-400.
38. Power, S.A., Ashmore, M.R., Cousins, D.A. & Ainsworth, N. 1995. Long term effects of enhanced nitrogen deposition on a lowland dry heath in Southern Britain. Water Air Soil Poll. 85: 1701-1706.
39. Power, S.A., Barker, C.G., Allchin, E.A., Ashmore, M.R. & Bell, J.N.B. 2001. Habitat management: a tool to modify ecosystem impacts of nitrogen deposition? Sci. World 1: 714-721.
40. Read, J.M., Birch, C.P.D. & Milne, J.A. 2002. HeathMod: a model of the impact of seasonal grazing by sheep on upland heaths dominated by Calluna vulgaris (heather). Biol. Conserv. 105: 279-292.
41. Roem, W.J., Klees, H. & Berendse, F. 2002. Effects of nutrient addition and acidification on plant species diversity and seed germination in heathland. J. Appl. Ecol. 39: 937-948.
42. Salt, C.A., Mayes, R.W., Colgrove, P.M. & Lamb, C.S. 1994. The effects of season and diet composition on the radio-caesium intake by sheep grazing on heather moorland. J. Appl. Ecol. 31: 125-136.
43. Sieber, M., Fottner, S., Niemeyer, T. & Härdtle, W. 2004. Einfluss maschineller Pflegeverfahren auf die Nährstoffdynamik von Sandheiden. NNA Ber. 17: 92-107.
44. Terry, A.C., Ashmore, M.R., Power, S.A., Allchin, E.A. & Heil, G.W. 2004. Modelling the impacts of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on Calluna dominated ecosystems in the UK. J. Appl. Ecol. 41: 897-909.
45. Tessier, J.T. & Raynal, D.J. 2003. Use of nitrogen to phosphorus ratios in plant tissue as an indicator of nutrient limitation and nitrogen saturation. J. Appl. Ecol. 40: 523-534.
46. Webb, N.R. 1998. The traditional management of European heathland. J. Appl. Ecol. 35: 987-990.