Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on long-term pain in calves castrated by use of an external clamping techniques following epidural anesthesia

American Journal of Veterinary Research

Volumn 69, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 744-750

  Stilwell, George ^a   Lima, Miguel S ^a   Broom, Donald M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LISBON   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARPROFEN; FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE; HYDROCORTISONE; LIDOCAINE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT;

ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ANIMAL WELFARE; ARTICLE; CALF (BOVINE); CASTRATION; CHRONIC PAIN; CLAMP; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG HALF LIFE; EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA; FEEDING; HYDROCORTISONE BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; NONHUMAN; SYMPTOM;

ANESTHESIA, EPIDURAL; ANIMAL WELFARE; ANIMALS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL; BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL; CARBAZOLES; CATTLE; CLONIXIN; HYDROCORTISONE; MALE; ORCHIECTOMY; PAIN;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 45949106518     PISSN: 00029645     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.6.744     Document Type: Article

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