메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 65, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 1266-1284

Horizontal and vertical structure of easterly waves in the Pacific ITCZ

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FILTRATION; METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS;

EID: 45849141628     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2007JAS2341.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (89)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0002559831 scopus 로고
    • The origin and structure of easterly waves in the lower troposphere of North Africa
    • Burpee, R. W., 1972: The origin and structure of easterly waves in the lower troposphere of North Africa. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 77-90.
    • (1972) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.29 , pp. 77-90
    • Burpee, R.W.1
  • 2
    • 0014718403 scopus 로고
    • Westward propagating cloud patterns in the tropical Pacific as seen from time-composite satellite photographs
    • Chang, C.-P., 1970: Westward propagating cloud patterns in the tropical Pacific as seen from time-composite satellite photographs. J. Atmos. Sci., 27, 133-138.
    • (1970) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.27 , pp. 133-138
    • Chang, C.-P.1
  • 3
    • 0030426460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eddy-mean flow interaction in the Gulf Stream at 68°W. Part I: Eddy energetics
    • Cronin, M. F., and D. R. Watts, 1996: Eddy-mean flow interaction in the Gulf Stream at 68°W. Part I: Eddy energetics. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 2107-2131.
    • (1996) J. Phys. Oceanogr , vol.26 , pp. 2107-2131
    • Cronin, M.F.1    Watts, D.R.2
  • 5
    • 33645236726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surface cloud forcing in the East Pacific stratus deck/cold tongue/ITCZ complex
    • Cronin, M. F., N. Bond, C. W. Fairall, and R. A. Weller, 2006a: Surface cloud forcing in the East Pacific stratus deck/cold tongue/ITCZ complex. J. Climate, 19, 392-409.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 392-409
    • Cronin, M.F.1    Bond, N.2    Fairall, C.W.3    Weller, R.A.4
  • 6
    • 33751101335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of buoy-derived and numerical weather prediction surface heat fluxes in the tropical Pacific
    • doi:10.1029/2005JC003324
    • Cronin, M. F., C. W. Fairall, and M. J. McPhaden, 2006b: An assessment of buoy-derived and numerical weather prediction surface heat fluxes in the tropical Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 111, C06038, doi:10.1029/2005JC003324.
    • (2006) J. Geophys. Res , vol.111
    • Cronin, M.F.1    Fairall, C.W.2    McPhaden, M.J.3
  • 7
    • 0000443515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diurnal and semidiurnal variations of the surface wind field over the tropical Pacific Ocean
    • Deser, C., and C. A. Smith, 1998: Diurnal and semidiurnal variations of the surface wind field over the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, 11, 1730-1748.
    • (1998) J. Climate , vol.11 , pp. 1730-1748
    • Deser, C.1    Smith, C.A.2
  • 8
    • 0037099092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed Rossby-gravity waves and western Pacific tropical cyclogenesis. Part I: Synoptic evolution
    • Dickinson, M., and J. Molinari, 2002: Mixed Rossby-gravity waves and western Pacific tropical cyclogenesis. Part I: Synoptic evolution. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 2183-2196.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.59 , pp. 2183-2196
    • Dickinson, M.1    Molinari, J.2
  • 9
    • 0035672525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composite patterns of easterly disturbances over West Africa and the tropical Atlantic: A climatology from the 1979-95 NCEP/NCAR reanalyses
    • Diedhiou, A., S. Janicot, A. Viltard, and P. de Félice, 2001: Composite patterns of easterly disturbances over West Africa and the tropical Atlantic: A climatology from the 1979-95 NCEP/NCAR reanalyses. Climate Dyn., 18, 241-253.
    • (2001) Climate Dyn , vol.18 , pp. 241-253
    • Diedhiou, A.1    Janicot, S.2    Viltard, A.3    de Félice, P.4
  • 10
    • 0036193294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energetics of easterly wave disturbances over West Africa and the tropical Atlantic: A climatology from the 1979-95 NCEP/NCAR reanalyses
    • Diedhiou, A., S. Janicot, A. Viltard, and P. de Félice, 2002: Energetics of easterly wave disturbances over West Africa and the tropical Atlantic: A climatology from the 1979-95 NCEP/NCAR reanalyses. Climate. Dyn., 18, 487-500.
    • (2002) Climate. Dyn , vol.18 , pp. 487-500
    • Diedhiou, A.1    Janicot, S.2    Viltard, A.3    de Félice, P.4
  • 11
    • 0029472729 scopus 로고
    • Observation of 3-6-day meridional wind oscillations over the tropical Pacific, 1973-1992: Horizontal structure and propagation
    • Dunkerton, T. J., and M. P. Baldwin, 1995: Observation of 3-6-day meridional wind oscillations over the tropical Pacific, 1973-1992: Horizontal structure and propagation. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 1585-1601.
    • (1995) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.52 , pp. 1585-1601
    • Dunkerton, T.J.1    Baldwin, M.P.2
  • 12
    • 0029505185 scopus 로고
    • Eastward propagating ∼ 2- to 15-day equatorial convection and its relation to the tropical intraseasonal oscillation
    • Dunkerton, T. J., and F. X. Crum, 1995: Eastward propagating ∼ 2- to 15-day equatorial convection and its relation to the tropical intraseasonal oscillation. J. Geophys., Res., 100, 25 781-25 790.
    • (1995) J. Geophys., Res , vol.100
    • Dunkerton, T.J.1    Crum, F.X.2
  • 13
    • 0031452507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barotropic aspects of ITCZ breakdown
    • Ferreira, R. N., and W. H. Schubert, 1997: Barotropic aspects of ITCZ breakdown. J. Atmos. Sci., 54, 261-285.
    • (1997) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.54 , pp. 261-285
    • Ferreira, R.N.1    Schubert, W.H.2
  • 14
    • 0036327008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Westward-propagating synoptic-scale disturbances and the ITCZ
    • Gu, G., and C. Zhang, 2002: Westward-propagating synoptic-scale disturbances and the ITCZ. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1062-1075.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.59 , pp. 1062-1075
    • Gu, G.1    Zhang, C.2
  • 15
    • 11144289069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of 2-day equatorial waves
    • Haertel, P. T., and G. N. Kiladis, 2004: Dynamics of 2-day equatorial waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 2707-2721.
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.61 , pp. 2707-2721
    • Haertel, P.T.1    Kiladis, G.N.2
  • 16
    • 33749235194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional structure and dynamics of African easterly waves. Part II: Dynamical modes
    • Hall, N. M. J., G. N. Kiladis, and C. D. Thorncroft, 2006: Three-dimensional structure and dynamics of African easterly waves. Part II: Dynamical modes. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2231-2245.
    • (2006) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.63 , pp. 2231-2245
    • Hall, N.M.J.1    Kiladis, G.N.2    Thorncroft, C.D.3
  • 17
    • 0000603310 scopus 로고
    • A theory of large-scale equatorial waves generated by condensation heat and accelerating the zonal wind
    • Hayashi, Y., 1970: A theory of large-scale equatorial waves generated by condensation heat and accelerating the zonal wind. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 48, 140-160.
    • (1970) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.48 , pp. 140-160
    • Hayashi, Y.1
  • 18
    • 0141906313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of recent reanalysis datasets using objective feature tracking: Storm tracks and tropical easterly waves
    • Hodges, K. I., B. J. Hoskins, J. Boyle, and C. Thorncroft, 2003: A comparison of recent reanalysis datasets using objective feature tracking: Storm tracks and tropical easterly waves. Mon. Wea. Rev., 131, 2012-2037.
    • (2003) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.131 , pp. 2012-2037
    • Hodges, K.I.1    Hoskins, B.J.2    Boyle, J.3    Thorncroft, C.4
  • 19
    • 21844512711 scopus 로고
    • Scale interaction in the western Pacific monsoon
    • Holland, G. J., 1995: Scale interaction in the western Pacific monsoon. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 56, 57-79.
    • (1995) Meteor. Atmos. Phys , vol.56 , pp. 57-79
    • Holland, G.J.1
  • 20
    • 0014999639 scopus 로고
    • A diagnostic model for equatorial wave disturbances: The role of vertical shear of the mean zonal wind
    • Holton, J. R., 1971: A diagnostic model for equatorial wave disturbances: The role of vertical shear of the mean zonal wind. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 55-64.
    • (1971) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.28 , pp. 55-64
    • Holton, J.R.1
  • 21
    • 20444471586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of African easterly wave disturbances: Relationship to the African easterly jet
    • Hsieh, J.-S., and K. H. Cook, 2005: Generation of African easterly wave disturbances: Relationship to the African easterly jet. Mon. Wea. Rev., 133, 1311-1327.
    • (2005) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.133 , pp. 1311-1327
    • Hsieh, J.-S.1    Cook, K.H.2
  • 22
    • 33847359394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of the energetics of African easterly waves using a regional climate model
    • Hsieh, J.-S., and K. H. Cook, 2007: A study of the energetics of African easterly waves using a regional climate model. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 421-440.
    • (2007) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.64 , pp. 421-440
    • Hsieh, J.-S.1    Cook, K.H.2
  • 23
    • 27744465642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a hybrid satellite- and NWP-based turbulent heat flux product using Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean (TAO) buoys
    • doi:10.1029/2004JC002824
    • Jiang, C., M. F. Cronin, K. A. Kelly, and L. Thompson, 2005: Evaluation of a hybrid satellite- and NWP-based turbulent heat flux product using Tropical Atmosphere-Ocean (TAO) buoys. J. Geophys. Res., 110, C09007, doi:10.1029/2004JC002824.
    • (2005) J. Geophys. Res , vol.110
    • Jiang, C.1    Cronin, M.F.2    Kelly, K.A.3    Thompson, L.4
  • 24
    • 0029479697 scopus 로고
    • Horizontal and vertical structure of observed tropospheric equatorial Rossby waves
    • Kiladis, G.N., and M. Wheeler, 1995: Horizontal and vertical structure of observed tropospheric equatorial Rossby waves. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 22 981-22 998.
    • (1995) J. Geophys. Res , vol.100
    • Kiladis, G.N.1    Wheeler, M.2
  • 25
    • 33749247645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional structure and dynamics of African easterly waves. Part I: Observations
    • Kiladis, G.N., C. D. Thorncroft, and N. M. J. Hall, 2006: Three-dimensional structure and dynamics of African easterly waves. Part I: Observations, J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2212-2230.
    • (2006) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.63 , pp. 2212-2230
    • Kiladis, G.N.1    Thorncroft, C.D.2    Hall, N.M.J.3
  • 26
    • 0025658955 scopus 로고
    • Observed structure and propagation characteristics of tropical summertime synoptic scale disturbances
    • Lau, K.-H., and N.-C. Lau, 1990: Observed structure and propagation characteristics of tropical summertime synoptic scale disturbances. Mon. Wea Rev., 118, 1888-1913.
    • (1990) Mon. Wea Rev , vol.118 , pp. 1888-1913
    • Lau, K.-H.1    Lau, N.-C.2
  • 27
    • 0027060655 scopus 로고
    • The energetics and propagation dynamics of tropical summertime synoptic-scale disturbances
    • Lau, K.-H., and N.-C. Lau, 1992: The energetics and propagation dynamics of tropical summertime synoptic-scale disturbances. Mon. Wea. Rev., 120, 2523-2539.
    • (1992) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.120 , pp. 2523-2539
    • Lau, K.-H.1    Lau, N.-C.2
  • 28
    • 0025676820 scopus 로고
    • Synoptic-scale disturbances near the equator
    • Liebmann, B., and H. H. Hendon, 1990: Synoptic-scale disturbances near the equator. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1463-1479.
    • (1990) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.47 , pp. 1463-1479
    • Liebmann, B.1    Hendon, H.H.2
  • 29
    • 0000433525 scopus 로고
    • Available potential energy and the maintenance of the general circulation
    • Lorenz, E. N., 1955: Available potential energy and the maintenance of the general circulation. Tellus, 7, 157-167.
    • (1955) Tellus , vol.7 , pp. 157-167
    • Lorenz, E.N.1
  • 30
    • 0028571920 scopus 로고
    • Observations of the 40-50-day tropical oscillation - A review
    • Madden, R. A., and P. R. Julian, 1994: Observations of the 40-50-day tropical oscillation - A review. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 814-837.
    • (1994) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.122 , pp. 814-837
    • Madden, R.A.1    Julian, P.R.2
  • 31
    • 0034123714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of eastern North Pacific hurricanes by the Madden-Julian oscillation
    • Maloney, E. D., and D. L. Hartmann, 2000: Modulation of eastern North Pacific hurricanes by the Madden-Julian oscillation. J. Climate, 13, 1451-1460.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 1451-1460
    • Maloney, E.D.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 32
    • 0035441479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Madden-Julian oscillation, barotropic dynamics, and North Pacific tropical cyclone formation. Part I: Observations
    • Maloney, E. D., and D. L. Hartmann, 2001: The Madden-Julian oscillation, barotropic dynamics, and North Pacific tropical cyclone formation. Part I: Observations. J. Atmos. Sci., 58, 2545-2558.
    • (2001) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.58 , pp. 2545-2558
    • Maloney, E.D.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 33
    • 0000101471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere observing system: A decade of progress
    • McPhaden, M. J., and Coauthors, 1998: The Tropical Ocean-Global Atmosphere observing system: A decade of progress. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14 169-14 240.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res , vol.103
    • McPhaden, M.J.1
  • 34
    • 0027042704 scopus 로고
    • The annual cycle in equatorial convection and sea surface temperature
    • Mitchell, T. P., and J. M. Wallace, 1992: The annual cycle in equatorial convection and sea surface temperature. J. Climate, 5, 1140-1156.
    • (1992) J. Climate , vol.5 , pp. 1140-1156
    • Mitchell, T.P.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 35
    • 0033745340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Planetary- and synoptic-scale influences on eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis
    • Molinari, J., and D. Vollaro, 2000: Planetary- and synoptic-scale influences on eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3296-3307.
    • (2000) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.128 , pp. 3296-3307
    • Molinari, J.1    Vollaro, D.2
  • 36
    • 7044245952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential vorticity, easterly waves, and eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis
    • Molinari, J., D. Knight, M. Dickinson, D. Vollaro, and S. Skubis, 1997: Potential vorticity, easterly waves, and eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis. Mon. Wea. Rev., 125, 2699-2708.
    • (1997) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.125 , pp. 2699-2708
    • Molinari, J.1    Knight, D.2    Dickinson, M.3    Vollaro, D.4    Skubis, S.5
  • 37
    • 0034063381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origins and mechanisms of eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis: A case study
    • Molinari, J., D. Vollaro, S. Skubis, and M. Dickinson, 2000: Origins and mechanisms of eastern Pacific tropical cyclogenesis: A case study. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 125-139.
    • (2000) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.128 , pp. 125-139
    • Molinari, J.1    Vollaro, D.2    Skubis, S.3    Dickinson, M.4
  • 38
    • 34247524305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the dominant mode of convectively coupled Kelvin waves in the West African monsoon
    • Mounier, F., G. N. Kiladis, and S. Janicot, 2007: Analysis of the dominant mode of convectively coupled Kelvin waves in the West African monsoon. J. Climate, 20, 1487-1503.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 1487-1503
    • Mounier, F.1    Kiladis, G.N.2    Janicot, S.3
  • 39
    • 0000669203 scopus 로고
    • Global analysis of the lower tropospheric disturbances in the tropics during the northern summer of the FGGE year. Part I: Global features of the disturbances
    • Nitta, T., Y. Nakagomi, A. Kadokura, Y. Suzuki, and N. Hasegawa, 1985: Global analysis of the lower tropospheric disturbances in the tropics during the northern summer of the FGGE year. Part I: Global features of the disturbances. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 63, 1-19.
    • (1985) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.63 , pp. 1-19
    • Nitta, T.1    Nakagomi, Y.2    Kadokura, A.3    Suzuki, Y.4    Hasegawa, N.5
  • 40
    • 0001069612 scopus 로고
    • The energetics of African wave disturbances as observed during Phase III of GATE
    • Norquist, D. C., E. E. Recker, and R. J. Reed, 1977: The energetics of African wave disturbances as observed during Phase III of GATE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 334-342.
    • (1977) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.105 , pp. 334-342
    • Norquist, D.C.1    Recker, E.E.2    Reed, R.J.3
  • 41
    • 0141573282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convection and easterly wave structures observed in the eastern Pacific warm pool during EPIC-2001
    • Petersen, W. A., R. Cifelli, D. J. Boccippio, S. A. Rutledge, and C. Fairall, 2003: Convection and easterly wave structures observed in the eastern Pacific warm pool during EPIC-2001. J. Atmos. Sci., 60, 1754-1773.
    • (2003) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.60 , pp. 1754-1773
    • Petersen, W.A.1    Cifelli, R.2    Boccippio, D.J.3    Rutledge, S.A.4    Fairall, C.5
  • 42
    • 0020968179 scopus 로고
    • A new look at the energy cycle
    • Plumb, R. A., 1983: A new look at the energy cycle. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1669-1688.
    • (1983) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.40 , pp. 1669-1688
    • Plumb, R.A.1
  • 43
    • 0001741567 scopus 로고
    • Structure and properties of synoptic-scale wave disturbances in the equatorial western Pacific
    • Reed, R. J., and E. E. Recker, 1971: Structure and properties of synoptic-scale wave disturbances in the equatorial western Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 1117-1133.
    • (1971) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.28 , pp. 1117-1133
    • Reed, R.J.1    Recker, E.E.2
  • 44
    • 0001069613 scopus 로고
    • The structure and properties of African wave disturbances as observed during Phase III of GATE
    • Reed, R. J., D. C. Norquist, and E. E. Recker, 1977: The structure and properties of African wave disturbances as observed during Phase III of GATE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 317-333.
    • (1977) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.105 , pp. 317-333
    • Reed, R.J.1    Norquist, D.C.2    Recker, E.E.3
  • 45
    • 0024199241 scopus 로고
    • The structure and characteristics of African easterly wave disturbances as determined from the ECMWF operational analysis/forecast system
    • Reed, R. J., E. Klinker, and A. Hollingsworth, 1988: The structure and characteristics of African easterly wave disturbances as determined from the ECMWF operational analysis/forecast system. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 38, 22-33.
    • (1988) Meteor. Atmos. Phys , vol.38 , pp. 22-33
    • Reed, R.J.1    Klinker, E.2    Hollingsworth, A.3
  • 46
    • 4844228204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A climatology of waves in the equatorial region
    • Roundy, P. E., and W. M. Frank, 2004: A climatology of waves in the equatorial region. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 2105-2132.
    • (2004) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.61 , pp. 2105-2132
    • Roundy, P.E.1    Frank, W.M.2
  • 47
    • 0037094864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of variability on synoptic timescales in the east Pacific ITCZ
    • Serra, Y. L., and R. A. Houze Jr., 2002: Observations of variability on synoptic timescales in the east Pacific ITCZ. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 1723-1743.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.59 , pp. 1723-1743
    • Serra, Y.L.1    Houze Jr., R.A.2
  • 48
    • 38849168817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-seasonal variance of surface meteorological parameters in buoy observations and reanalyses
    • doi:10.1029/ 2007GL029506
    • Serra, Y. L., M. F. Cronin, and G. N. Kiladis, 2007: Sub-seasonal variance of surface meteorological parameters in buoy observations and reanalyses. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L12708, doi:10.1029/ 2007GL029506.
    • (2007) Geophys. Res. Lett , vol.34
    • Serra, Y.L.1    Cronin, M.F.2    Kiladis, G.N.3
  • 49
    • 0033392023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of synoptic-scale disturbances over the summertime tropical northwest Pacific
    • Sobel, A. H., and C. S. Bretherton, 1999: Development of synoptic-scale disturbances over the summertime tropical northwest Pacific. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 3106-3127.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.56 , pp. 3106-3127
    • Sobel, A.H.1    Bretherton, C.S.2
  • 50
    • 0036328409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of a convectively coupled Kelvin wave in the eastern Pacific ITCZ
    • Straub, K. H., and G. N. Kiladis, 2002: Observations of a convectively coupled Kelvin wave in the eastern Pacific ITCZ. J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 30-53.
    • (2002) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.59 , pp. 30-53
    • Straub, K.H.1    Kiladis, G.N.2
  • 51
    • 0037645917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation and higher-frequency tropical wave activity
    • Straub, K. H., and G. N, Kiladis, 2003: Interactions between the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation and higher-frequency tropical wave activity. Mon Wea. Rev. 131, 945-960.
    • (2003) Mon Wea. Rev , vol.131 , pp. 945-960
    • Straub, K.H.1    Kiladis, G.N.2
  • 52
    • 0023466441 scopus 로고
    • An observational study of easterly waves over the eastern Pacific in the northern summer using FGGE data
    • Tai, K.-S., and Y. Ogura, 1987: An observational study of easterly waves over the eastern Pacific in the northern summer using FGGE data. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 339-361.
    • (1987) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.44 , pp. 339-361
    • Tai, K.-S.1    Ogura, Y.2
  • 53
    • 0001257207 scopus 로고
    • The structure of super cloud clusters observed in 1-20 June 1986 and their relationship to easterly weves
    • Takayabu, Y. N., and M. Murakami, 1991: The structure of super cloud clusters observed in 1-20 June 1986 and their relationship to easterly weves. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 69, 105-125.
    • (1991) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.69 , pp. 105-125
    • Takayabu, Y.N.1    Murakami, M.2
  • 54
    • 0001483858 scopus 로고
    • 3-5 day-period disturbances coupled with convection over the tropical Pacific Ocean
    • Takayabu, Y. N., and T. Nitta 1993: 3-5 day-period disturbances coupled with convection over the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 71, 221-246.
    • (1993) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.71 , pp. 221-246
    • Takayabu, Y.N.1    Nitta, T.2
  • 55
    • 0041088731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observation of a quasi-2-day wave during TOGA COARE
    • Takayabu, Y. N., K.-M. Lau, and C.-H. Sui, 1996: Observation of a quasi-2-day wave during TOGA COARE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 124, 1892-1913.
    • (1996) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.124 , pp. 1892-1913
    • Takayabu, Y.N.1    Lau, K.-M.2    Sui, C.-H.3
  • 56
    • 33645975153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin and dispersion characteristics of the observed tropical summertime synoptic-scale waves over the western Pacific
    • Tam, C.-Y., and T. Li, 2006. The origin and dispersion characteristics of the observed tropical summertime synoptic-scale waves over the western Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 1630-1646.
    • (2006) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.134 , pp. 1630-1646
    • Tam, C.-Y.1    Li, T.2
  • 57
    • 0003128435 scopus 로고
    • Structure and properties of synoptic-scale wave disturbances in the intertropical convergence zone of the eastern Atlantic
    • Thompson, R. M., Jr., S. W. Payne, E. E. Recker, and R. J. Reed, 1979: Structure and properties of synoptic-scale wave disturbances in the intertropical convergence zone of the eastern Atlantic. J. Atmos. Sci., 36, 53-72.
    • (1979) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.36 , pp. 53-72
    • Thompson Jr., R.M.1    Payne, S.W.2    Recker, E.E.3    Reed, R.J.4
  • 58
    • 0028594682 scopus 로고
    • An idealized study of African easterly waves. I: A linear view
    • Thorncroft, C. D., and B. J. Hoskins, 1994a: An idealized study of African easterly waves. I: A linear view. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120 953-982.
    • (1994) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc , vol.120 , pp. 953-982
    • Thorncroft, C.D.1    Hoskins, B.J.2
  • 59
    • 0028582470 scopus 로고
    • An idealized study of African easterly waves. II: A nonlinear view
    • Thorncroft, C. D., and B. J. Hoskins, 1994b: An idealized study of African easterly waves. II: A nonlinear view. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 983-1015.
    • (1994) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc , vol.120 , pp. 983-1015
    • Thorncroft, C.D.1    Hoskins, B.J.2
  • 60
    • 20444480126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ITCZ breakdown in three-dimensional flows
    • Wang, C.-C., and G. Magnusdottir, 2005: ITCZ breakdown in three-dimensional flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 1497-1512.
    • (2005) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.62 , pp. 1497-1512
    • Wang, C.-C.1    Magnusdottir, G.2
  • 61
    • 0024220712 scopus 로고
    • Equatorial energy accumulation and emanation regions: Impacts of a zonally varying basic state
    • Webster, P. J., and H.-R. Chang, 1988: Equatorial energy accumulation and emanation regions: Impacts of a zonally varying basic state. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 803-829.
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.45 , pp. 803-829
    • Webster, P.J.1    Chang, H.-R.2
  • 62
    • 0033077602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convectively coupled equatorial waves: Analysis of clouds and temperature in the wave-number frequency domain
    • Wheeler, M., and G. N. Kiladis, 1999: Convectively coupled equatorial waves: Analysis of clouds and temperature in the wave-number frequency domain. J. Atmos. Sci., 56, 374-399.
    • (1999) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.56 , pp. 374-399
    • Wheeler, M.1    Kiladis, G.N.2
  • 63
    • 0034162615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale dynamical fields associated with convectively coupled equatorial waves
    • Wheeler, M., G. N. Kiladis, and P. J. Webster, 2000: Large-scale dynamical fields associated with convectively coupled equatorial waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 57, 613-640.
    • (2000) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.57 , pp. 613-640
    • Wheeler, M.1    Kiladis, G.N.2    Webster, P.J.3
  • 64
    • 0001115229 scopus 로고
    • Power spectra of large-scale disturbances over the tropical Pacific
    • Yanai, M., T. Maruyama, T. Nitta, and Y. Hayashi, 1968: Power spectra of large-scale disturbances over the tropical Pacific. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 46, 308-323.
    • (1968) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.46 , pp. 308-323
    • Yanai, M.1    Maruyama, T.2    Nitta, T.3    Hayashi, Y.4
  • 65
    • 0026287072 scopus 로고
    • The interaction of planetary-scale tropical easterly waves with topography: A mechanism for the initiation of tropical cyclone
    • Zehnder, J. A., 1991: The interaction of planetary-scale tropical easterly waves with topography: A mechanism for the initiation of tropical cyclone. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1217-1230.
    • (1991) J. Atmos. Sci , vol.48 , pp. 1217-1230
    • Zehnder, J.A.1
  • 66
    • 0032759770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interaction of easterly waves, orography, and the intertropical convergence zone in the genesis of eastern Pacific tropical cyclones
    • Zehnder, J. A., D. M. Powell, and D. L. Ropp, 1999: The interaction of easterly waves, orography, and the intertropical convergence zone in the genesis of eastern Pacific tropical cyclones. Mon. Wea. Rev., 127, 1556-1585.
    • (1999) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.127 , pp. 1556-1585
    • Zehnder, J.A.1    Powell, D.M.2    Ropp, D.L.3
  • 67
    • 23644435616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Madden-Jalian Oscillation
    • RG2003, doi:l0.1029/2004RG000158
    • Zhang, C., 2005: Madden-Jalian Oscillation. Rev. Geophys., 43, RG2003, doi:l0.1029/2004RG000158.
    • (2005) Rev. Geophys , vol.43
    • Zhang, C.1
  • 68
    • 0000177924 scopus 로고
    • Mesoscale and convective-scale downdrafts as distinct components of squall-line structure
    • Zipser, E. J., 1977: Mesoscale and convective-scale downdrafts as distinct components of squall-line structure. Mon. Wea. Rev., 105, 1568-1589.
    • (1977) Mon. Wea. Rev , vol.105 , pp. 1568-1589
    • Zipser, E.J.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.