The bipolar diathesis of treatment-resistant major depressive disorder

International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 142-146

  Woo, Young Sup ^a   Chae, Jeong Ho ^a   Jun, Tae Youn ^a   Kim, Kwang Soo ^a   Bahk, Won Myong ^a  

^a The Catholic University of Korea   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Bipolar spectrum disorder; Bipolarity; Treatment resistant depression

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; COMORBIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; FEMALE; HOSPITAL DISCHARGE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RATING SCALE; SCORING SYSTEM; UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;

EID: 45849103101     PISSN: 13651501     EISSN: 14711788     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13651500701749867     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Amsterdam JD, Hornig-Rohan M. Treatment algorithms in treatment-resistant depression. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1996;19:371-86.
2. Fawcett J. Progress in treatment-resistant depression and treatment-refractory depression: we still have a long way to go. Psychiatr Ann 1994;24:214-6.
3. Fava M, Davidson KG. Definition and epidemiology of treatment-resistant depression. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1996;19:179-200.
4. Crown WH, Finkelstein S, Berndt ER, et al. The impact of treatment-resistant depression on health care utilization and costs. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63:963-71.
5. Kornstein SG, Schneider RK. Clinical features of tretment-resistant depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62(Suppl 16):18-25.
6. Castaneda R, Sussman N, Westreich L, Levy R, O'Malley M. A review of the effects of moderate alcohol intake on the treatment of anxiety and mood disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 1996;57:207-12.
7. McLeod JD, Kessler RC, Landis KR. Speed of recovery from major depressive episodes in a community sample of married men and women. J Abnorm Psychol 1992;101:277-86.
8. Kornstein SG, Schneider RK. Clinical features of treatment-resistant depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2001;62(Suppl 16):18-25.
9. Benazzi F. Should mood reactivity be included in the DSM-IV atypical specifier? Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2002;252:135-40.
10. Manning JS, Haykal RF, Connor PD, Akiskal HS. On the nature of depressive and anxious states in a family practice setting: the high prevalence of bipolar II and related disorders in a cohort followed longitudinally. Compr Psychiatry 1997;38:102-8.
11. Hirschfeld RM, Lewis L, Vornik LA. Perceptions and impact of bipolar disorder: how far have we really come? Results of the National Depressive and Manic-Depressive Association 2000 survey of individuals with bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2003;64:161-74.
12. Wehr TA, Goodwin FK. Can antidepressants cause mania and worsen the course of affective illness? Am J Psychiatry 1987;144:1403-11.
13. Goldberg JF, Ernst CL. Features associated with the delayed initiation of mood stabilizers at illness onset in bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63:985-91.
14. Frankle WG, Perlis RH, Deckersbach T, et al. Bipolar depression: relationship between episode length and antidepressant treatment. Psychol Med 2002;32:1417-23.
15. Akiskal HS, Mallya G. Criteria for the "soft" bipolar spectrum: treatment implications. Psychopharmacol Bull 1987;23:68-73.
16. Sharma V. Loss of response to antidepressants and subsequent refractoriness: diagnostic and treatment issues. J Affect Disord 2001;64:99-106.
17. Nierenberg AA, Amsterdam JD. Treatment-resistant depression: definition and treatment approaches. J Clin Psychiatry 1990;51((Suppl)):39-47.
18. Angst J, Delini-Stula A, Stabl M, Stassen HH. Is a cut-off score a suitable measure of treatment outcome in short-term trials in depression? A methodological meta-analysis. Hum Psychopharmacol 1993;8:311-7.
19. Ghaemi SN, Ko JY, Goodwin FK. Cade's disease" and beyond: misdiagnosis, antidepressant use, and a proposed definition for bipolar spectrum disorder. Can J Psychiatry 2002;47:125-34.
20. Dunner DL, Gershon ES, Goodwin FK. Heritable factors in the severity of affective illness. Sci Pro Am Psychiatric Assn 1970;123:187-8.
21. Klerman GL. The spectrum of mania. Compr Psychiatry 1981;22:11-20.
22. Akiskal HS. The prevalent clinical spectrum of bipolar disorders: beyond DSM-IV. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1996;16(Suppl 1):4-14S.
23. Goodwin FK, Ghaemi SN. The difficult-to-treat patient with bipolar disorder. In: Dewan MJ, Pies RW, editors. The under-recognized bipolar spectrum disorder difficult-to-treat psychiatric patient. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 2001. p 7-39.
24. Hantouche EG, Akiskal HS, Lancrenon S, et al. Systematic clinical methodology for validating bipolar-II disorder: data in mid-stream from a French national multi-site study (EPIDEP). J Affect Disord 1998;50:163-73.
25. Dunner DL. Clinical consequences of under-recognized bipolar spectrum disorder. Bipolar Disord 2003;5:456-63.
26. Akiskal HS, Downs J, Jordan P, Watson S, Daugherty D, Pruitt DB. Affective disorders in referred children and younger siblings of manic-depressives: Mode of onset and prospective course. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985;42:996-1003.
27. Sharma V, Khan M, Smith A. A closer look at treatment resistant depression: is it due to a bipolar diathesis? J Affect Disord 2005;84:251-7.