Prelude to violence: Show trials and state power in 1930s Mongolia

American Ethnologist

Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 321-337

  Kaplonski, Christopher ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Buddhism; Mongolia; Political theater; Show trials; Socialism; State formation; Violence

Indexed keywords

EID: 45749083357     PISSN: 00940496     EISSN: 15481425     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1548-1425.2008.00038.x     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Ardyn Erh 1991 Hün tsaazalsan gazruud (The killing fields). Ardyn Erh, December 21:3.
2. Aretxaga, Begoña 1997 Shattering Silence: Women, Nationalism, and Political Subjectivity in Northern Ireland. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
3. Baabar 1999 Twentieth Century Mongolia. D. Sühjargalmaa et al. trans, Christopher Kaplonski, ed. Cambridge: White Horse Press.
4. Bawden, Charles 1989 The Modern History of Mongolia. London: Kegan Paul International.
5. Bawden, Charles 1997 Tales of an Old Lama. Tring, UK: Institute of Buddhist Studies.
6. Buyandelger, Manduhai In press Tragic Spirits: Shamanism, Socialism, and the Neo-Liberal State in Mongolia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
7. Cassiday, Julie 2000 The Enemy on Trial: Early Soviet Courts on Stage and Screen. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press.
8. Choibalsang, H. 1951a Iledkel ba ögülel boti 1: 1921-1937 (Reports and speeches vol. 1: 1921-1937). Ulaanbaatar: "Sühbaatar" Publishing.
9. Choibalsang, H. 1951b Iledkel ba ögülel boti 2: 1938-1940 (Reports and speeches vol. 2: 1938-1940). Ulaanbaatar: "Sühbaatar" Publishing.
10. Damdinsüren, S., V. N. Shepelev, and O. Batsaihan 2005 Mongolyn tuhai BHK(b)H-yn barimt bichig (1920-1952) II (VKP[b] documents about Mongolia [1920-1952]). Ulaanbaatar: Mongolian National Central Archives.
11. Daniel, E. Valentine 1996 Charred Lullabies: Chapters in an Ethnography of Violence. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
12. Das, Veena 2007 Life and Words: Violence and the Descent into the Ordinary. Berkeley: University of California Press.
13. Das, Veena, Arthur Kleinman, Mamphela Ramphele, and Pamela Reynolds, eds. 2000 Violence and Subjectivity. Berkeley: University of California Press.
14. Dashdavaa, D. 2004 Manai uls töriin helmegdegsdiin ür sadynhny hohirol (The harm to the descendents of our politically repressed). Ulaanbaatar: Uriah Erdem.
15. Dashpurev, D., and S. K. Soni 1992 Reign of Terror in Mongolia: 1920-1990. New Delhi: South Asian.
16. Dumburai, A. 1997 Zalhaan tseerlüülelt (Punishment). Ulaanbaatar: Uriah Erdem.
17. Elverskog, Johan 2006 Our Great Qing: The Mongols, Buddhism and the State in Late Imperial China. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
18. Feldman, Allen 1991 Formations of Violence: The Narrative of the Body and Political Terror in Northern Ireland. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
19. Fitzpatrick, Sheila 1993 How the Mice Buried the Cat: Scenes from the Great Purges of 1937 in the Russian Provinces. Russian Review 52:299-320.
20. Fitzpatrick, Sheila 1994 Stalin's Peasants: Resistance and Survival in the Russian Village after Collectivization. New York: Oxford University Press.
21. Fitzpatrick, Sheila 1999 Everyday Stalinism: Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times: Soviet Russia in the 1930s. New York: Oxford University Press.
22. Foucault, Michel 1979 Discipline and Punish. New York: Vintage.
23. Geertz, Clifford 1980 Negara: The Theatre State in Nineteenth-Century Bali. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
24. Geertz, Clifford 2004 What Is a State if It Is Not a Sovereign? Reflections on Politics in Complicated Places. Current Anthropology 45(5):577-593.
25. Getty, J. Arch, and Oleg Naumov 1999 The Road to Terror: Stalin and the Self-Destruction of the Bolsheviks, 1932-1939. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
26. Hansen, Thomas Blom, and Finn Stepputat 2006 Sovereignty Revisited. Annual Review of Anthropology 35:295-315.
27. Hinton, Alexander, ed. 2002 Annihilating Difference: The Anthropology of Genocide. Berkeley: University of California Press.
28. Kaplonski, Christopher 2005 The Case of the Disappearing Chinggis Khaan: Dismem- bering the Remembering. Ab Imperio 2005(4):147-173.
29. Khlevnyuk, Oleg 2003 The Objectives of the Great Terror, 1937-1938. In Stalinism. David Hoffman, ed. Pp. 87-104. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
30. Larson, Frans 1930 Larson, Duke of Mongolia. Boston: Little, Brown.
31. Lattimore, Owen, and Isono Fujiko 1982 The Diluv Khutagt: Memoirs and Autobiography of a Mongol Buddhist Reincarnation in Religion and Revolution. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
32. Lhagvasüren, I., and Yuki Konagaya 2007 XX zuuny Mongolchuud (2): Socialist Mongolyn uls töriin amd'dral (Twentieth-century Mongolians: The political life of socialist Mongolia). Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology.
33. Maiskii, I. 2005 [1921] Orchin Üeiin Mongol (Contemporary Mongolia). Ulaanbaatar: Admon.
34. Mongolian National Central Archives 1937 Document from the Administrative Office of the Religion Section of the Ministry of Internal Affairs to the Central Committee's Lama Commission. F-1, D-6, H/ N-367, p. 32. Ulaanbaatar: Mongolian National Central Archives.
35. Mongolian National Central Archives N.d.a Arad-un tal-a bar (With regard to the people). F-1, D-6, H/N-376, pp. 14-17. Ulaanbaatar: Mongolian National Central Archives.
36. Mongolian National Central Archives N.d.b Gandan küriyen deki esergüü bayigulalt kereg-iig shikükü tasulaqu-yin qural-aca bayitsagaltai-i yaabugulaqu tölübeleke (Investigation plan by a court committee on the counterrevolutionary organization in Gandan monastery). F-284, D-1, H/N-680, pp. 68-73. Ulaanbaatar: Mongolian National Central Archives.
37. Mongolian National Central Archives N.d.c Letter to the heads of the Party Central Committee and the Central Control Committee. F-l, D-5, H/ N-214, pp. 1-7. Ulaanbaatar: Mongolian National Central Archives.
38. Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) Archives 1937 Monggol arad-un hubisgaltu nam-un töv qorijan-u dergedeki lamnar-un komis-un gisigüd qoraldugsan tabudugar qoral-un togtagal (Resolution of the Fifth Meeting of the Members of the Lama Commission of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party's Central Committee). F-4, D-6, H/N-120, pp. 32-33. Ulaanbaatar: Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party Archives.
39. Möngöntsetseg, Ya. 2007 36 myangan hün helmegdsen gelee (Thirty-six thousand people were said to be repressed). Ödriin Sonin, June 27: 17.
40. Mueggler, Eric 2001 The Age of Wild Ghosts: Memory, Violence and Place in Southwest China. Berkeley: University of California Press.
41. Ölziibaatar, D. 2004 Yagaad 1937 on? (Why 1937?). Ulaanbaatar: Mongolian National Central Archives.
42. Oral History o f Twentieth Century Mongolia N.d. Oral History of Twentieth Century Mongolia. Electronic document, http://www.mongolianoralhistory.org/data/translations/EN060304.xml.
43. Pandey, Gyanendra 1994 The Prose of Otherness. In Subaltern Studies VIII. David Arnold and David Hardiman, eds. Pp. 188-221. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
44. Pandey, Gyanendra 2006 Routine Violence: Nations, Fragments, Histories. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
45. Perry-Ayscough, H. G. C., and R. B. Otter-Barry 1914 With the Russians in Mongolia. London: John Lane.
46. Peters, Edward 1989 Inquisition. Berkeley: University of California Press.
47. Pürevjav, S., and D. Dashjamts 1965 BNMAU-d süm hiid, lam naryn asuudlyg shiidverlesen n': 1921-4940 on (The resolution of the question of monasteries and lamas in the Mongolian People's Republic: 1921-40). Ulaanbaatar: State Publishing Committee.
48. Rinchin, M. 1993 Uls töriin talaar helmegdegsdiin dursgal tsagaan nom (The memorial white book for victims of political repression). Ulaanbaatar: State Commission on Rehabilitation.
49. Rupen, Robert 1964 Mongols of the Twentieth-Century Mongolia, part 1. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
50. Sandag, Shagdariin, and Harry H. Kendall 2000 Poisoned Arrows: The Stalin-Choibalsan Mongolian Massacres, 1921-4941. Boulder, CO: Westview.
51. Sluka, Jeffrey, ed. 2000 Death Squad: The Anthropology of State Terror. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
52. Taussig, Michael 1984 Culture of Terror - Space of Death. Roger Casement's Putumayo Report and the Explanation of Torture. Comparative Studies in Society and History 26(3):467-497.
53. Tserendorj, G. 1976 BNMAU-d bichig üseg ül medeh yavdlyg arilgasan n' (The elimination of illiteracy in the MPR). Ulaanbaatar: Shinjleh uhaany akademiin hevleh üildver.
54. Ünen 1937a Eke oron-aca urbaju terselegsen qargis tolugoi lama nar-un esergüü bülgüm-un kereg-i ündüsü ber ilerekülün büridkejüküi (The roots of the case of the counterrevolutionary group of the traitorous reactionary head lamas who betrayed their own motherland are exposed). Ünen, October 3: 1-3.
55. Ünen 1937b Keregten eteged Jongzin Qambu-yin medekülügsen inu (The testimony of the accused Jongzin Qambu). Ünen, October 6: 1-2.
56. Ünen 1937c Olan tümen-u kücitei shagardalga door-a qubisgal-un dayisun nugud-i sönügtün (Enemies of the revolution, perish under the masses' demand). Ünen, October 6: 3-4.
57. Ünen 1937d Qubisgal-un dayisun nugud-i butacokiqu shagardalg-a (A demand to destroy the enemies of the revolution). Ünen, October 6: 4.
58. Ünen 1937e Tasulun sidgegsen eregüü kerekg-un 37 dugar togtagal (Criminal case sentence number 37). Ünen, October 8: 1-4.
59. Wood, Elizabeth 2005 Performing Justice: Agitation Trials in Early Soviet Russia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.