The new populism in Poland: The usual suspects?

Problems of Post-Communism

Volumn 55, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 7-25

  Jasiewicz, Krzysztof ^a  

^a WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 45549107873     PISSN: 10758216     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2753/PPC1075-8216550302     Document Type: Review

References (51)

1. Richard Bernstein, "Poland's Governing Party Joins with Populists," New York Times (April 29. 2006): sec. A, pp. 1, 8 (www.nytimes.com/2006/04/29/world/europe/29poland.html).
2. Paul Taggart, Populism (Philadelphia: Open University Press, 2000), pp. 1-22.
3. Available at the State Electoral Commission official Web site, http://wybory2007.pkw.gov.pl.
4. Piotr Pacewicz, "Ska̧d sie wziȩło tylu wyborców?" (Where Did All These Voters Come From?), Gazeta Wyborcza (October 24, 2007), http://serwisy.gazeta.pl/wybory2007/1,85407, 4607185.html; Mariusz Janicki and Wiesław Władyka, "Dwie Polski" (Two Polands), Polityka (November 3, 2007), www.polityka.pl/polityka/index.jsp?place=Lead30&news_cat_id=933&news_id= 234755&layout=18&page=text/.
5. Krzysztof Jasiewicz, "The Political-Party Landscape," Journal of Democracy 18, no. 4 (October 2007): 26-33; idem, "Poland: Party System by Default," in Party Politics in New Democracies, ed. Paul Webb and Stephen White (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 85-118.
6. Taggart, Populism, p. 3.
7. See Krzysztof Jasiewicz, "Knocking on Europe's Door: Voting Behavior in the EU Accession Referendum in Poland," Problems of Post-Communism 51, no. 5 (September/October 2004): 34-44.
8. Peter Učěň, "Parties, Populism, and Anti-Establishment Politics in East Central Europe" SAIS Review 27, no. 1 (winter/spring 2007): 40-62.
9. Exit poll data cited by Pacewicz in "Ska̧d sie wziȩło tylu wyborców?"
10. Ibid.
11. Edward Shils, The Torment of Secrecy: The Background and Consequences of American Security Policies (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1956).
12. Radosław Markowski, "Populizm i demokracja: ujȩcia, dylematy, kontrowersje" (Populism and Democracy: Approaches, Dilemmas, Controversies), in Populizm a Demokracja, ed. Radosław Markowski (Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 2004).
13. Učeň, "Parties, Populism, and Anti-Establishment Politics."
14. Ivan Krastev, "The Strange Death of the Liberal Consensus," Journal of Democracy 18, no. 4 (October 2007): 56-65 (www. journalofdemocracy.org/articles/gratis/Krastev-18-4.pdf).
15. Yves Mény and Yves Surel, ed., Democracies and the Populist Challenge (New York: Palgrave, 2002).
16. Herbert Kitschelt, "Popular Dissatisfaction with Democracy: Populism and Party Systems," pp. 179-96.
17. Paul Taggart "Populism and the Pathology of Representative Politics," pp. 62-80.
18. Yves Mény and Yves Surel, "The Constitutive Ambiguity of Populism," pp. 1-21.
19. Peter Mair, "Populist Democracy vs. Party Democracy," pp. 81-98.
20. Zygmunt Bauman, "Handlarze strachu" (Peddlers of Fear), Krytyka Polityczna 2, no. 4 (2003).
21. Ewa Nalewajko, "Populizm w demokracji" (Populism in Democracy), in Markowski, Populizm a Demokracja, pp. 33-67.
22. Margaret Canovan, "Taking Politics to the People: Populism as the Ideology of Democracy," in Mény and Surel, ed., Democracies and the Populist Challenge, pp. 25-44.
23. Wybory 2005: Partie i ich programy (Elections 2005: Parties and Their Programs) (Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 2006), pp. 122-136.
24. Wybory prezydenckie 2005: Programy kandydatów (Presidential Election 2005: Programs of Candidates) (Warsaw: Instytut Studiów Politycznych PAN, 2006), pp. 103-12.
25. Ibid., pp. 166-200.
26. Wybory prezydenckie 2005, pp. 121-29.
27. Wybory 2005, pp. 293-94.
28. Ibid., pp. 146-54.
29. Ibid., pp. 66-76.
30. Ibid., p. 66.
31. Margaret Canovan, Populism (New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1981).
32. Stephen Fischer-Galati, "Conclusions," in Populism in Eastern Europe: Racism, Nationalism, and Society, ed. Joseph Held (Boulder, CO: Eastern European Monographs, 1996), p. 246.
33. Cas Mudde, "In the Name of the Peasantry, the Proletariat, and the People: Populisms in Eastern Europe," in Mény and Surel, ed., Democracies and the Populist Challenge, pp. 214-32.
34. Wybory 2005, pp. 222-32.
35. Ibid., p. 217.
36. Pawel Grzelak, "Populism w modelu głosowania ekonomicznego w Polsce w 2001 roku" (Populism in the Economic Voting Model in Poland, 2001), in Markowski, ed., Populizm a Demokracja, pp. 203-38.
37. Items have been selected from among several indicators of a given attitude (such as assessment of representative politics or economic populism) on the basis of factor analysis and reliability analysis. In general, items with the highest factor loading have been chosen.
38. I have chosen this relatively simple way to present the data (as opposed to composite scales or regression models) to preserve the clarity of the presentation and for the benefit of readers unaccustomed to reading statistics. Suffice it to say here that all the relationships demonstrated are statistically significant at the .001 level.
39. Urszula Jakubowska, "Zainteresowanie polityka̧ i postrzeganie własnej sytuacji życiowej a postawy populistyczne" (Interest in Politics and Perception of One's Life Situation as Factors in Populist Attitudes), in Markowski, ed., Populizm a Demokracja, pp. 173-202.
40. The new Polish zloty, Poland's national currency.
41. Krzysztof Jasiewicz, "The Polish Voter - Ten Years after August 1980," in From the Polish Underground: Selections from "Krytyka", 1978-1993, ed. Michael Bernhard and Henryk Szlajfer (University Park: Penn State University Press, 1995), pp. 143-67.
42. Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996), p. 272.
43. Padraic Kenney, A Carnival of Revolution: Central Europe 1989 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002), p. 15.
44. See contributions by Jacques Rupnik (www.journalofdemocracy.org/ articles/gratis/Rupnik-18-4.pdf), Vladimir Tismaneanu, and Ivan Krastev in the special issue "Is East-Central Europe Backsliding?" Journal of Democracy 18, no. 4 (October 2007).
45. Mény and Surel, Democracies and the Populist Challenge, pp. 25-44, 62-80, 179-196.
46. See Jasiewicz, "Poland: Party System by Default," p. 97.
47. Jasiewicz, "Knocking on Europe's Door," p. 44.
48. Jacques Rupnik, "From Democracy Fatigue to Populist Backlash" Journal of Democracy 18, no. 4 (October 2007): 18 (www. journalofdemocracy. org/articles/gratis/Rupnik-18-4.pdf).
49. Ivan Krastev, "The Strange Death of the Liberal Consensus," Journal of Democracy 18, no. 4 (October 2007): 57 (www. journalofdemocracy.org/ articles/gratis/Krastev-18-4.pdf).
50. Vladimir Tismaneanu, "Leninist Legacies, Pluralist Dilemmas," Journal of Democracy 18, no. 4 (October 2007): 34.
51. Eurobarometer 65: Public Opinion in the European Union (Brussels: European Commission, January 2007), p. 45 (http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/ archives/eb/eb65/eb65_en.htm).