A novel laboratory apparatus for simulating isotropic oceanic turbulence at low Reynolds number

Limnology and Oceanography: Methods

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 1-12

  Webster, Donald R ^a   Brathwaite, Aisha ^a   Yen, Jeannette ^b  

^a Georgia Institute of Technology   (United States)

^b GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 4544373907     PISSN: None     EISSN: 15415856     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4319/lom.2004.2.1     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Alldredge, A. L., T. C. Granata, C. C. Gotschalk, and T. D. Dickey. 1990. The physical strength of marine snow and its implications for particle disaggregation in the ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 35:1415-1428.
2. Atkinson, J. F., L. Damiani, and D. R. F. Harleman. 1987. A comparison of velocity measurements using a laser anemometer and a hot-film probe, with application to grid-stirring entrainment experiments. Phys. Fluids 30:3290-3292.
3. Birouk, M., C. Chauveau, B. Sarh, A. Quilgars, and I. Gokalp. 1996. Turbulence effects on the vaporization of monocomponent single droplets. Combustion Sci. Tech. 113:413-428.
4. Brumley, B. H., and G. H. Jirka. 1987. Near-surface turbulence in a grid-stirred tank. J. Fluid Mech. 183:235-263.
5. Chamorro, V. C. 2001. The effects of small scale turbulence in the feeding ecology and swimming speed of fathead minnow larvae (Pimephales promelas), inland silverside larvae (Menidia beryllina) and the lobate ctenophore (Mnemiopsis leidyi). M.S. Thesis, University of Maryland.
6. Cheng, N.-S., and A. W.-K. Law. 2001. Measurements of turbulence generated by oscillating grid. J. Hydraulic Eng. 127:201-208.
7. Cowen, E. A., and S. G. Monismith. 1997. A hybrid digital particle tracking velocimetry technique. Exp. Fluids 22:199-211.
8. De Silva, I. P. D., and H. J. S. Fernando. 1992. Some aspects of mixing in a stratified turbulent patch. J. Fluid Mech. 240:601-625.
9. De Silva, I. P. D., and H. J. S. Fernando. 1994. Oscillating grids as a source of nearly isotropic turbulence. Phys. Fluids 6:2455-2464.
10. Dickey, T. D., B. Hartman, D. Hammond, and E. Hurst. 1984. A laboratory technique for investigating the relationship between gas transfer and fluid turbulence. p. 93-100. In W. Brutsaert and G.H. Jirka [eds.], Gas transfer at water surfaces. D. Reidel.
11. Dickey, T. D., and G. L. Mellor. 1980. Decaying turbulence in neutral and stratified fluids. J. Fluid Mech. 99:13-31.
12. Doall, M. H., S. P. Colin, J. R. Strickler, and J. Yen. 1998. Locating a mate in 3D: The case of Temora longicornis. Phil. Trans. Royal Society of London 353:681-689.
13. Dohan, K., and B. R. Sutherland. 2002. Turbulence time scales in mixing box experiments. Exp. Fluids 33:709-719.
14. Dower, J. F., T. J. Miller, and W. C. Leggett. 1997. The role of microscale turbulence in the feeding ecology of larval fish. Adv. Mar. Biology 31:169-220.
15. Dower, J. F., P. Pepin, and W. C. Leggett. 1998. Enhanced gut fullness and an apparent shift in size selectivity by radiated shanny (Ulvaria subbifurcata) larvae in response to increased turbulence. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55:128-142.
16. Durbin, E. G., P. R. Garrahan, and M. C. Casas. 2000. Abundance and distribution of Calanus finmarchicus on the Georges Bank during 1995 and 1996. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 57:1664-1685.
17. Fallon, T., and C. B. Rogers. 2002. Turbulence-induced preferential concentration of solid particles in microgravity conditions. Exp. Fluids 33:233-241.
18. Fields, D. M., D. S. Shaeffer, and M. J. Weissburg. 2002. Mechanical and neural responses from the mechanosensory hairs on the antennule of Gaussia princeps. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 227:173-186.
19. Fields, D. M., and J. Yen. 1996. The escape behavior of Pleuromamma xiphias in response to a quantifiable fluid mechanical disturbance. p. 323-340. In P.H. Lenz, D.K. Hartline, J.E. Purcell, and D.L. MacMillan [eds.], Zooplankton: sensory ecology and physiology, Vol. 1. Gordon and Breach.
20. Fields, D. M., and J. Yen. 1997. The escape behavior of marine copepods in response to a quantifiable fluid mechanical disturbance. J. Plankton Res. 19:1289-1304.
21. Franks, P. J. S. 2001. Turbulence avoidance: An alternate explanation of turbulence-enhanced ingestion rates in the field. Limnol. Oceanogr. 46:959-963.
22. Glezer, A., and M. Amitay. 2002. Synthetic jets. Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 34:503-529.
23. Granata, T. C., and T. D. Dickey. 1991. The fluid-mechanics of copepod feeding in a turbulent flow: a theoretical approach. Prog. Oceanogr. 26:243-261.
24. Heath, M. R., E. W. Henderson, and D. L. Baird. 1988. Vertical distribution of herring lavae in relation to physical mixing and illumination. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 47:211-228.
25. Hill, P. S., A. R. M. Nowell, and P. A. Jumars. 1992. Encounter rate by turbulent shear of particles similar in diameter to the Kolmogorov scale. J. Marine Res. 50:643-668.
26. Hopfinger, E. J., and J. A. Toly. 1976. Spatially decaying turbulence and its relation to mixing across density interfaces. J. Fluid Mech. 78:155-175.
27. Hwang, W., and J. K. Eaton. 2004. Creating homogeneous and isotropic turbulence without a mean flow. Exp. Fluids. 36(2).
28. Incze, L. S., D. Hebert, N. Wolff, N. Oakey, and D. Dye. 2001. Changes in copepod distributions associated with increases turbulence from wind stress. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 213:229-240.
29. Jiménez, J. 1997. Oceanic turbulence at millimeter scales. Scientia Marina 61:47-56.
30. Kiørboe, T., and E. Saiz. 1995. Planktivorous feeding in calm and turbulent environments, with emphasis on copepods. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 122:135-145.
31. Kiørboe, T., E. Saiz., and A. Visser. 1999. Hydrodynamic signal perception in the copepod Acartia tonsa. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 179:97-111.
32. Lagadeuc, Y., M. Boule, and J. J. Dodson. 1997. Effect of vertical mixing on the vertical distribution of copepods in coastal waters. J. Plankton Res. 19:1183-1204.
33. Landry, F., T. J. Miller, and W. C. Leggett. 1995. The effects of small-scale turbulence on the ingestion rate of fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52:1714-1719.
34. Liu, S., J. Katz, and C. Meneveau. 1999. Evolution and modelling of subgrid scales during rapid straining of turbulence. J. Fluid Mech. 387:281-320.
35. Mackas, D. L., H. Sefton, C. B. Miller, and A. Raich. 1993. Vertical habitat partitioning by large calanoid copepods in the oceanic sub-arctic Pacific during spring. Prog. Oceanogr. 32:259-294.
36. Marrasé, C., J. H. Costello, T. Granata, and J. R. Strickler. 1990. Grazing in a turbulent environment: energy dissipation, encounter rates, and efficacy of feeding currents in Centropages hamatus. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87:1653-1657.
37. MacKenzie, B. R., and T. Kiørboe. 1995. Encounter rate and swimming behavior of pause travel and cruise larval fish predators in calm and turbulent environments. Limnol. Oceanogr. 40:1278-1289.
38. MacKenzie, B. R., and T. Kiørboe. 2000. Larval fish feeding and turbulence: A case for the downside. Limnol. Oceanogr. 45:1-10.
39. McDougall, T. J. 1979. Measurements of turbulence in a zeromean-shear mixed layer. J. Fluid Mech. 94:409-431.
40. Pope, S. B. 2000. Turbulent flows. Cambridge University Press.
41. Raffel, M., C. E. Willert, and J. Kompenhans. 1998. Particle image velocimetry: a practical guide. Springer-Verlag.
42. Rothschild, B. J., and T. R. Osborn. 1988. Small-scale turbulence and plankton contact rates. J. Plankton Res. 10:465-474.
43. Saarenrinne, P., and M. Piirto. 2000. Turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate estimation from PIV velocity vector fields. Exp. Fluids 29 Suppl.: S300-S307.
44. Saiz, E., and M. Alcaraz. 1992. Free-swimming behavior of Acartia clausi (Copepoda: Calanoida). Under turbulent water movement. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 80:229-236.
45. Saiz, E., and T. Kiørboe. 1995. Predatory and suspension feeding of the copepod Acartia tonsa in turbulent environments. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 122:147-158.
46. Semenov, E. S. 1965. Measurement of turbulence characteristics in a closed volume with artificial turbulence. Combust. Explos. Shock Waves 1:57-62.
47. Smith, B. L., and A. Glezer. 1998. The formation and evolution of synthetic jets. Phys. Fluids 10:2281-2297.
48. Srdic, A., H. J. S. Fernando, and L. Montenegro. 1996. Generation of nearly isotropic turbulence using two oscillating grids. Exp. Fluids 20:395-397.
49. Titelman, J. 2001. Swimming and escape behavior of copepod nauplii: implications for predator-prey interactions among copepods. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 213:203-213.
50. Titelman, J., and T. Kiørboe. 2003. Predator avoidance by nauplii. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 247:137-149.
51. Thompson, S. M., and J. S. Turner. 1975. Mixing across an interface due to turbulence generated by an oscillating grid. J. Fluid Mech. 67:349-368.
52. Viitasalo, M., T. Kiorboe, J. Flinkman, L.W. Pedersen, and A.W. Visser. 1998. Predation vulnerability of planktonic copepods: consequences of predator foraging strategies and prey sensory abilities. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 175:129-142.
53. Webster, D. R., P. J. W. Roberts, and L. Ra'ad. 2001. Simultaneous DPTV/PLIF measurements of a turbulent jet. Exp. Fluids 30:65-72.
54. Yamazaki, H., D. L. Mackas, and K. L. Denman. 2002. Coupling small-scale physical processes with biology. p. 51-112. In A. R. Robinson, and K. D. Squires. 1996. Comparison of oceanic turbulence and copepod swimming. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 144:299-301.
55. Yen, J. 1988. Directionality and swimming speeds in predatorprey and male-female interactions of Euchaeta rimana, a subtropical marine copepod. Bull. Mar. Sci. 43:395-403.
56. Yen, J., and D. M. Fields. 1992. Escape responses of Acartia hudsonica nauplii from the flow field of Temora longicornis. Archiv für Hydrobiologie Beiheft 36:123-134.
57. Yeung, P. K. 2001. Lagrangian characteristics of turbulence and scalar transport in direct numerical simulations. J. Fluid Mech. 427:241-274.