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note
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One of these covalent 20S proteasome inhibitors, bortezomib (Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), was approved in May 2003 by the FDA for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.
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21
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0039730001
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How an inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease modulates proteasome activity
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21c,d), have been reported to inhibit the proteasome in a noncovalent manner, (a) Schmidtke, G.; Holzhutter, H.-G.; Bogyo, M.; Kairies, N.; Groll, M.; De Giuli, R.; Emch, S.; Groettrup, M. How an inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease modulates proteasome activity. J. Biol. Chem. 1999, 274, 35734-35740.
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Groettrup, M.8
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Crystal structure of the 20S proteasome: TMC-95A complex: A non-covalent proteasome inhibitor
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(b) Groll, M.; Koguchi, Y.; Huber, R.; Kohno, J. Crystal structure of the 20S proteasome: TMC-95A complex: a non-covalent proteasome inhibitor. J. Mol. Biol. 2001, 311, 543-548.
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(c) Kaiser, M.; Milbradt, A. G.; Siciliano, C.; Assfalg-Machleidt, I.; Machleidt, W.; Groll, M.; Renner, C.; Moroder, L. TMC-95A analogues with endocyclic biphenyl ether group as proteasome inhibitors. Chem. Biodiversity 2004, 1, 161-173.
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(d) Kaiser, M.; Groll, M.; Renner, C.; Huber, R.; Moroder, L. The core structure of TMC-95A is a promising lead for reversible proteasome inhibition. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 780-783.
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A new structural class of selective and non-covalent inhibitors of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome
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Garcia-Echeverria, C.; Imbach, P.; France, D.; Fürst, P.; Lang, M.; Noorani, M.; Scholz, D.; Zimmermann, J.; Furet, P. A new structural class of selective and non-covalent inhibitors of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001, 11, 1317-1319.
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Noorani, M.6
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Furet, P.9
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26
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0035927192
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Modeling of the binding mode of a non-covalent inhibitor of the 20S proteasome. Application to structure-based analogue design
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Furet, P.; Imbach, P.; Fürst, P.; Lang, M.; Noorani, M.; Zimmermann, J.; Garcia-Echeverria, C. Modeling of the binding mode of a non-covalent inhibitor of the 20S proteasome. Application to structure-based analogue design. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001, 11, 1321-1324.
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0037140857
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Structure-based optimization of 2-aminobenzylstatine derivatives: Potent and selective inhibitors of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the human 20S proteasome
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Furet, P.; Imbach, P.; Fuerst, P.; Lang, M.; Noorani, M.; Zimmermann, J.; Garcia-Echeverria, C. Structure-based optimization of 2-aminobenzylstatine derivatives: potent and selective inhibitors of the chymotrypsin-like activity of the human 20S proteasome. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2002, 12, 1331-1334.
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For the nomenclature of the 20S proteasome subunits, see the following. Groettrup, M.; Schmidtke, G. Selective proteasome inhibitors: modulation of antigen presentation? Drug Discovery Today 1999, 4, 63-71.
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0030897031
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Structure of 20S proteasome from yeast at 2.4 A resolution
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Groll, M.; Ditzel, L.; Löwe, J.; Stock, D.; Bochtler, M.; Bartunik, H. D.; Huber, R. Structure of 20S proteasome from yeast at 2.4 A resolution. Nature 1997, 386, 463-471.
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33845278462
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The tunichromes. A class of reducing blood pigments from sea squirts: Isolation, structures, and vanadium chemistry
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N-Acetyl-3,4,5-trimethoxy-L,D-phenylalanine was prepared from commercially available 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde and N-acetylglycine according to a literature procedure (Oltz, E. M.; Bruening, R. C.; Smith, M. J.; Kustin, K.; Nakanishi, K. The Tunichromes. A Class of Reducing Blood Pigments from Sea Squirts: Isolation, Structures, and Vanadium Chemistry. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988,110, 6162-6172). Alternatively, the N-acetyl-3,4,5-trimethoxy-L,D- phenylalanine methyl ester was obtained from 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde and malonic acid dimethyl ester following known protocols (see experimental section).
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31
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0019989669
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Synthesis and biological activity of some very hydrophobic superagonist analogues of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
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The resolution of the racemic N-acetyl-3,4,5-trimethoxy-L,D-phenylalanine methyl ester was performed by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of the L-ester using Alcalase (Novo Nordisk) as described in the literature. Nestor, J. J., Jr.; Ho, T. L.; Simpson, R. A.; Horner, B. L.; Jones, G. H.; McRae, G. I.; Vickery, B. H. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Very Hydrophobic Superagonist Analogues of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone. J. Med. Chem. 1982, 25, 795-801. Tyagi, O. D.; Boll, P. M. Synthesis of (S)-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and unnatural α-amino acids via enzymatic resolution using alcalase. Indian J. Chem. 1992, 851-854.
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Nestor Jr., J.J.1
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Vickery, B.H.7
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32
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0019989669
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Synthesis of (S)-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and unnatural α-amino acids via enzymatic resolution using alcalase
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The resolution of the racemic N-acetyl-3,4,5-trimethoxy-L,D-phenylalanine methyl ester was performed by enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of the L-ester using Alcalase (Novo Nordisk) as described in the literature. Nestor, J. J., Jr.; Ho, T. L.; Simpson, R. A.; Horner, B. L.; Jones, G. H.; McRae, G. I.; Vickery, B. H. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Some Very Hydrophobic Superagonist Analogues of Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone. J. Med. Chem. 1982, 25, 795-801. Tyagi, O. D.; Boll, P. M. Synthesis of (S)-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and unnatural α-amino acids via enzymatic resolution using alcalase. Indian J. Chem. 1992, 851-854.
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Tyagi, O.D.1
Boll, P.M.2
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33
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4544366384
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note
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This residue can be Tyr 135 or Ser 157 of subunit HC5. See ref 24.
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