Lack of type 1 sensitization to laundry detergent enzymes among consumers in the Philippines: Results of a 2-year study in atopic subjects

Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology

Volumn 92, Issue 5, 2004, Pages 549-557

  Cormier, Ethel M ^a   Sarlo, Katherine ^a   Scott, Laurie A ^a   MacKenzie, David P ^a   Payne, Nicholas S ^a   Carr, Gregory J ^a   Smith, Laurence A ^a   Cua Lim, Felicidad ^b   Bunag, Filipino C ^c   Vasunia, Kersi ^a  

^a PROCTER AND GAMBLE COMPANY   (United States)

^b Institute of Urology   (Philippines)

^c Procter and Gamble Company Far East ^*

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOGLOBULIN E; AMYLASE; DETERGENT; PROTEINASE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATOPY; CLEANING; CONTROLLED STUDY; EVALUATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; LAUNDRY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PHILIPPINES; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKIN SENSITIZATION; SKIN TEST; CHEMISTRY; IMMEDIATE TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; IMMUNOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; SKIN ALLERGY;

ADULT; AMYLASES; DERMATITIS, ALLERGIC CONTACT; DETERGENTS; ENDOPEPTIDASES; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE; MIDDLE AGED; PHILIPPINES; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SKIN TESTS;

EID: 4544324817     PISSN: 10811206     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)61763-2     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Pepys J, Wells ID, D'Souza MF, Greenberg M. Clinical and immunological responses to enzymes on Bacillus subtilis in factory workers and consumers. Clin Allergy. 1973;3:143-160.
2. Gilson JC, Juniper CP, Martin RB, Weill H. Biological effects of proteolytic enzyme detergents. Thorax. 1976;31:621-634.
3. National Research Council Report of ad hoc Committee on Enzyme Detergents. Enzyme-Containing Laundering Compounds and Consumer Health. Washington, DC: National Technical Information Service; 1971:1-28.
4. Rothgeb TM, Goodlander BD, Garrison PH, Smith LA. The raw material, finished product and dust pad analyses of detergent proteases using a small synthetic substrate. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 1988;65:806-810.
5. Gaines WG. Occupational health experience manufacturing multiple enzyme detergents and methods to control enzyme exposures. Toxicol Forum 1994:143-147.
6. deGuzman CG, Agbayani BF. Survey by skin tests of common respiratory allergens encountered at the allergy clinic, UP-PGH Medical Center. Phil J Intern Med. 1989;27:221-231.
7. Pepys J. Skin testing. Br J Hosp Med. 1975;14:412-415.
8. Kelling CK, Bartolo RG, Ertel KD, Smith LA, Watson DD, Sarlo K. Safety assessment of enzyme-containing personal cleansing products: exposure characterization and development of IgE antibody to enzymes after a 6-month use test. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998;101:179-187.
9. Poulsen LK, Johnsen CR, Lovborg U, et al. A system for in vitro monitoring of occupational sensitization in bioindustrial plants. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1995;95:207.
10. Carter RO, Griffith JF. Experimental bases for the realistic assessment of safety of topical agents. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1965;7:60-73.
11. Miller LS, Bhullar BS, Moore VS, et al. A robotic immunoassay system for detergent enzymes. Lab Inf Manag. 1994;26:79-87.
12. Langley R. Practical Statistics Simply Explained. Revised ed. New York, NY: Dover Publications, Inc; 1971:160-165, 285-291.
13. Agresti A. Categorical Data Analysis. New York, NY: Wiley; 1990:234-235, 283-284.
14. Hendricks MH. Measurement of enzyme laundry product dust levels and characteristics in consumer use. J Am Oil Chem Soc. 1970;47:207-211.
15. Philippine Statistical Yearbook. National Statistics Coordination Board: Makati City, Philippines; 1997.
16. Zetterstrom O, Wide L. IgE antibodies and skin test reactions to a detergent enzyme in Swedish consumers. Clin Allergy. 1974; 4:273-280.
17. Zetterstrom O. Challenge and exposure test reactions to enzyme detergents in subjects sensitized to subtilisin. Clin Allergy. 1977;7:355-363.
18. Sarlo K, Kirchner DB, Parker R, Troyano E, Rodriguez C, Stachlewitz R. Exposure to enzymes in detergents does not lead to the development of IgE antibody among consumers. Toxicol Lett. 2003;144(Suppl):S32.
19. Schweigert MK, Mackenzie DP, Sarlo K. Occupational allergy and asthma associated with the use of enzymes in the detergent industry: a review of the epidemiology, toxicology and methods of prevention. Clin Exp Allergy. 2000;30:1511-1518.
20. Griffith JF, Weaver JE, Whitehouse HS, Poole RL, Newmann EA, Nixon GA. Safety evaluation of enzyme detergents. Oral and cutaneous toxicity, irritancy and skin sensitization studies. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1969;7:581-593.
21. Loomans ME, Hannon DP. An electron microscopic study of the effects of subtilisin and detergents on human stratum corneum. J Invest Dermatol. 1970;55:101-114.
22. Bolam RM, Hepworth R, Bowerman LT. In-use evaluation of safety to skin of enzyme-containing washing products. BMJ. 1971;2:499-501.
23. Andersen PH, Bindslev-Jensen C, Mosbech H, Zachariae H, Andersen KE. Skin symptoms in patients with atopic dermatitis using enzyme-containing detergents: a placebo controlled study. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh). 1998;78:60-62.