How to obtain a precise and representative estimate for parameters in LCA: A case study for the functional unit

International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 265-277

  Ciroth, Andreas ^a   Srocka, Michael ^a  

^a GreenDeltaTC GmbH   (Germany)

Author keywords

Berlin; Empirical data sampling; Functional unit; Representativeness; Sampling design; Statistical sampling; Stratified sampling; Uncertainty; Yoghurt cups

Indexed keywords

YOGHURT;

ACCURACY; ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS; ARTICLE; CASE STUDY; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; CONTAINER; EMPIRICAL RESEARCH; FOOD; GERMANY; LEADERSHIP; LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT; MARKET; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZATION; SAMPLING; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; UNCERTAINTY; WEIGHT;

EID: 45349106925     PISSN: 09483349     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1065/lca2007.06.345     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. http://www.meinestadt.de/berlin/branchenbuch, website August 2006
2. http://maps.google.de/, website August 2006
3. The R Project for Statistical Computing, http://www.r-project.org/
4. http://portalu.de/ website August 2006
5. von Bahr B, Steen B: Reducing epistemological uncertainty in life cycle inventory, Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 12, Number 4, May 2004, pp 369-388(20)
6. Boustead, I: Eco-Profiles of the European plastics industry, Methodology, A report for APME, Brussels, July 2003
7. Weidema B, Masoni M, Cappellaro F, Carlson R, Notten P, Pålsson A, Patyk A, Regalini E, Sacchetto F, Scalbi S: Procedural guideline for collection, treatment, and quality documentation of LCA data; Task 2.3 of the Cascade project on Standards or Modelling LCA data, EU Contract No G7RT-CT-2001-05045
8. Ciroth A: Fehlerrechnung in Ökobilanzen, Dissertation TU Berlin 2001
9. Ciroth A, Fleischer G, Steinbach J: Uncertainty Calculation in Life Cycle Assessments - A Combined Model of Simulation and Approximation, Int J LCA 9(4) 216-226 (2004)
10. Ciroth, A, Srocka, M: Uncertainty quantification for the functional unit, poster, Setac Annual Meeting, Den Haag 2006
11. Cochran WG: Sampling Techniques, 3rd edition, John Wiley, New York 1977
12. Cooper JS: Specifying Functional Units and Reference Flows for Comparable Alternatives, 8 LCA (6) 337-349 (2003)
13. Edwards PN: Global climate science, uncertainty and politics: Data-laden models, model-filtered data: Science as Culture, vol 8, no 4, pp 437-472, 1999
14. FEFCO (Europ. Federation of Corrugated Board Manufacturers), Groupement Ondulé, European Containerboard Organisation (edts): European Database for Corrugated Board Life Cycle Studies, 2003
15. Fitzroy PT: Analytical methods for marketing management, McGraw-Hill, London 1976
16. Gross AC, Banting PM, Meredith LN, Ford ID: Business Marketing, Houghton Mifflin, Boston 1993
17. Hischier R, Reichart I: Multifunctional Electronic Media - Traditional Media. The Problem of an Adequate Functional Unit: A case study of a printed newspaper, an internet newspaper and a TV broadcast, 8 LCA (4) 201-208 (2003)
18. Huijbregts MAJ: Uncertainty and variability in environmental life-cycle assessment, academisch proefschrift, University of Amsterdam, 2001
19. International Aluminium Institute (IAI): Life Cycle Assessment of Aluminium: Inventory Data for the Worldwide Primary Aluminium Industry, Mach 2003
20. IFEU GmbH: Ökobilanz Kunststoffbecher für Milchmischgeträ nke, Andreas Detzel, personal communication, 2003
21. IFEU GmbH: Life Cycle Assessment of Polylactide (PLA), Heidelberg, 2006
22. Itsubo N, Inaba A: A New LCIA Method: LIME has been completed, Int J LCA 8(5) 305 (2003)
23. Kauermann G: Stichprobenverfahren; VL Skript, Universität Bielefeld, 05/02/2006
24. Keoleian GA, Brachfeld D, Dritz T, Kodama S, Phipps A, Steiner E: Life Cycle Assessment of the Stonyfield Farm Product Delivery System, The Center for Sustainable Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2001
25. Kim S, Dale B: Ethanol Fuels: E10 or E85 - Life Cycle Perspectives, 11 LCA (2) 117-121 (2006)
26. Petcore, Brüssel: Ökobilanz für PET-Einwegsysteme unter Berücksichtigung der Sekundärprodukte, Endbericht, August 2004
27. Sachs, Angewandte Statistik, Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1992
28. Schwarz H. Stichprobenverfahren, Oldenbourg, München 1975
29. Shannon CE: A Mathematical Theory of Communication, The Bell System Technical Journal, Vol. 27, pp. 379-423, 623-656, July and October 1948
30. Sudman S: Applied Sampling, Academic Press, New York 1976
31. Sugiyama H, Fukushima Y, Hirao M, Hellweg St, Hungerbühler K: Using Standard Statistics to Consider Uncertainty in Industry-Based Life Cycle Inventory Databases, 10 LCA (6) 399-405 (2005)
32. Tabachnik BG, Fidell LS: Using Multivariate Statistics, Allyn & Bacon, Boston 2006
33. Thompson St K: Sampling, Wiley, New York 2002
34. Weinrauch JD: The Marketing Problem Solver, Wiley, New York 1987
35. Wolter KM: Introduction to Variance Estimation, Springer, New York 1985