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Volumn 46, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 779-815

Miracles and the counter-reformation mission to England

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EID: 45149117025     PISSN: 0018246X     EISSN: 14695103     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0018246X03003303     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (62)

References (352)
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    • The trends evident in the English-language scholarship reflect similar developments in French, German, Italian, and Spanish research. See, ' (PhD dissertation, Cambridge)
    • The trends evident in the English-language scholarship reflect similar developments in French, German, Italian, and Spanish research. See Trevor Johnson, 'The recatholicisation of the Upper Palatinate (c. 1621-c. 1700)' (PhD dissertation, Cambridge, 1991).
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    • Blood, tears and Xavier-water: Jesuit missionaries and popular religion in the eighteenth-century Upper Palatinate
    • Bob Scribner and Trevor Johnson, eds., (Basingstoke)
    • Trevor Johnson, idem, 'Blood, tears and Xavier-water: Jesuit missionaries and popular religion in the eighteenth-century Upper Palatinate', in Bob Scribner and Trevor Johnson, eds., Popular religion in Germany and central Europe, 1400-1800 (Basingstoke, 1996), pp. 183-202.
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    • Traditional practices: Catholic missionaries and Protestant religious practice in Transylvania
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    • "Adapt yourselves to the people's capabilities": Missionary strategies, methods and impact in the kingdom of Naples, 1600-1800
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    • The sacred space of Julien Maunoir: The re-Christianising of the landscape in seventeenth-century Britanny
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    • Merely intensified and vulgarised their use
    • remarks that in Catalonia the Church cultivated aspects of traditional piety in a way which, (New Haven)
    • Henry Kamen remarks that in Catalonia the Church cultivated aspects of traditional piety in a way which 'merely intensified and vulgarised their use': The phoenix and the flame: Catalonia and the Counter Reformation (New Haven, 1993), pp. 136-7.
    • (1993) The Phoenix and the Flame: Catalonia and the Counter Reformation , pp. 136-137
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    • (Basingstoke), esp. ch. 5. It may be commented that the historiography of early modern Protestantism has traced a parallel path of reinterpretation
    • Robert Bireley, The refashioning of Catholicism, 1450-1700: a reassessment of the Counter Reformation (Basingstoke, 1999), esp. ch. 5. It may be commented that the historiography of early modern Protestantism has traced a parallel path of reinterpretation.
    • (1999) The Refashioning of Catholicism, 1450-1700: A Reassessment of the Counter Reformation
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    • For the size and expansion of the mission, see, (London), ch. 10
    • For the size and expansion of the mission, see John Bossy, The English Catholic community, 1570-1850 (London, 1975), ch. 10.
    • (1975) The English Catholic Community, 1570-1850
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  • 28
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    • La function du miracle dans une minorité catholique: Les Provinces-Unies au XVIIe siècle
    • Willem Frijhoff, 'La function du miracle dans une minorité catholique: les Provinces-Unies au XVIIe siècle', Revue d'histoire de la spiritualité, 48 (1972), pp. 151-78.
    • (1972) Revue d'Histoire de la Spiritualité , vol.48 , pp. 151-178
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    • Priest and layman in a minority church: The Roman Catholic Church in the northern Netherlands, 1592-1686
    • W.J. Sheils and Diana Wood, eds. The ministry: clerical and lay, (Oxford)
    • Mathieu G. Spiertz, 'Priest and layman in a minority church: The Roman Catholic Church in the northern Netherlands, 1592-1686', in W.J. Sheils and Diana Wood, eds., The ministry: clerical and lay, Studies in Church History 26 (Oxford, 1989), pp. 287-301.
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    • Miracles and the peregrinations of the holy in France during the Wars of Religion
    • The situation in France was more ambiguous, but many similarities are apparent: see, José Pedro Paiva, ed., (Coimbra
    • The situation in France was more ambiguous, but many similarities are apparent: see Mark Greengrass, 'Miracles and the peregrinations of the holy in France during the Wars of Religion', in José Pedro Paiva, ed., Religious ceremonials and images: power and social meaning (1400-1750) (Coimbra, 2002), pp. 389-414.
    • (2002) Religious Ceremonials and Images: Power and Social Meaning (1400-1750) , pp. 389-414
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    • London, In this article, I deliberately evade the issue of whether or not such miracles were indeed faked and feigned: such allegations complicate rather than invalidate the information these tracts contain
    • Richard Sheldon, Surrey of the miracles of the Church of Rome (London, 1616). In this article, I deliberately evade the issue of whether or not such miracles were indeed faked and feigned: such allegations complicate rather than invalidate the information these tracts contain.
    • (1616) Surrey of the Miracles of the Church of Rome
    • Sheldon, R.1
  • 36
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    • "Domme preachers? Post-reformation English Catholicism and the culture of print
    • See my
    • See my '"Domme preachers? Post-Reformation English Catholicism and the culture of print', Past and Present, 168 (2000), pp. 72-123.
    • (2000) Past and Present , vol.168 , pp. 72-123
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    • Grene's martyrological Collectanea are preserved at Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, and St Mary's College, Oscott, Sutton Coldfield., (1741-2). All subsequent references are to the edition prepared by J. H. Pollen (London)
    • Grene's martyrological Collectanea are preserved at Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, and St Mary's College, Oscott, Sutton Coldfield. Richard Challoner, Memoirs of missionary priests (1741-2). All subsequent references are to the edition prepared by J. H. Pollen (London, 1924).
    • (1924) Memoirs of Missionary Priests
    • Challoner, R.1
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    • Nineteenth-century editions of these scattered documents were no less martyrological in character. The very title of, (, London, ) betrays its sectarian intentions
    • Nineteenth-century editions of these scattered documents were no less martyrological in character. The very title of John Morris's Troubles of our Catholic forefathers (3 vols., London, 1872-7) betrays its sectarian intentions.
    • (1872) Troubles of our Catholic Forefathers , vol.3
    • Morris's, J.1
  • 40
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    • J. H. Pollen's Unpublished documents relating to the English martyrs, 1: 1584-1603, Catholic Record Society 5 (London, 1908) must be situated within the same canon of sacred commemorative literature. The latter was linked with the postulation for the beatification of the martyrs. Ironically, the apologetic purpose of these later works may have militated against the inclusion of even more material regarding the miraculous. Their editors were often distinctly uncomfortable about incorporating accounts of supernatural phenomena which might appear 'quaint', 'absurd', and 'ridiculous' to the readers of an age which prided itself on its liberal, humanist values and coolly rationalist outlook
    • J. H. Pollen's Unpublished documents relating to the English martyrs, 1: 1584-1603, Catholic Record Society 5 (London, 1908) must be situated within the same canon of sacred commemorative literature. The latter was linked with the postulation for the beatification of the martyrs. Ironically, the apologetic purpose of these later works may have militated against the inclusion of even more material regarding the miraculous. Their editors were often distinctly uncomfortable about incorporating accounts of supernatural phenomena which might appear 'quaint', 'absurd', and 'ridiculous' to the readers of an age which prided itself on its liberal, humanist values and coolly rationalist outlook.
  • 41
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    • The 'nauseous subject' of exorcism was a source of particular embarrassment. See, e.g., VII, p. vii
    • The 'nauseous subject' of exorcism was a source of particular embarrassment. See, e.g., Foley, Records, V, p. vi, VII, pt 2, p. vii.
    • Records , vol.5 , Issue.PART 2
    • Foley1
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    • An observation of certayne aparent judgments
    • ed. J. H. Pollen, in, (London)
    • Robert Persons, 'An observation of certayne aparent judgments', ed. J. H. Pollen, in Miscellanea 11, Catholic Record Society 2 (London, 1906), p. 202.
    • (1906) Miscellanea 11, Catholic Record Society , vol.2 , pp. 202
    • Persons, R.1
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    • That legend is removed and history remains
    • so, (London)
    • so 'that legend is removed and history remains': The Elizabethan Jesuits (London, 1981), p. x.
    • (1981) The Elizabethan Jesuits
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    • For discussions of medieval miracle literature in these terms and attempts to resolve the difficult methodological issues, see, trans. J. H. Bak and P. A. Hollingsworth (Cambridge and Paris), and passim
    • For discussions of medieval miracle literature in these terms and attempts to resolve the difficult methodological issues, see Aron Gurcvich, Medieval popular culture: problems of belief and perception, trans. J. H. Bak and P. A. Hollingsworth (Cambridge and Paris, 1988), p. 5 and passim.
    • (1988) Medieval Popular Culture: Problems of Belief and Perception , pp. 5
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    • Oral and written: Saints, miracles and relics in Brittany, c. 850-c. 1250
    • Julia H. M. Smith, 'Oral and written: saints, miracles and relics in Brittany, c. 850-c. 1250', Speculum, 65 (1990), pp. 309-43.
    • (1990) Speculum , vol.65 , pp. 309-343
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    • Sin, penance and purgatory in the Anglo-Norman realm: The evidence of visions and ghost stories
    • C. S. Watkins, 'Sin, penance and purgatory in the Anglo-Norman realm: The evidence of visions and ghost stories', Past and Present, 175 (2002), pp. 3-33.
    • (2002) Past and Present , vol.175 , pp. 3-33
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    • Ritual and popular belief in Catholic Germany at the time of the Reformation
    • Cosmic order and daily life: sacred and secular in pre-industrial German society, and, both repr. in his, (London and Ronceverte), 17-47
    • R. W. Scribner, ' Cosmic order and daily life: sacred and secular in pre-industrial German society', and 'Ritual and popular belief in Catholic Germany at the time of the Reformation', both repr. in his Popular culture and popular movements in Reformation Germany (London and Ronceverte, 1987), pp. 1-16, 17-47.
    • (1987) Popular Culture and Popular Movements in Reformation Germany , pp. 1-16
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    • See 'The shipwreck', 'The apparition' and 'The religious pilgrimage', trans. Nathan Bailey (London)
    • See 'The shipwreck', 'The apparition' and 'The religious pilgrimage', in The Whole Familiar Colloquies of Desiderius Erasmus, trans. Nathan Bailey (London, 1877).
    • (1877) The Whole Familiar Colloquies of Desiderius Erasmus
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    • The dialogue concerning heresies
    • and 2, ed. Thomas M. C. Lawler et al. (New Haven and London, ), bk 1, chs. 14-15
    • The dialogue concerning heresies, in The complete works of St Thomas More, VI, pts 1 and 2, ed. Thomas M. C. Lawler et al. (New Haven and London, 1981), bk 1, chs. 14-15.
    • (1981) The Complete Works of St Thomas More , vol.6 , Issue.PARTS 1
  • 59
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    • The rood of Boxley, the blood of Hailes and the defence of the Henrician Church
    • On the Rood of Boxley, see
    • On the Rood of Boxley, see Peter Marshall, 'The Rood of Boxley, the Blood of Hailes and the defence of the Henrician Church', Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 46 (1995), pp. 689-96.
    • (1995) Journal of Ecclesiastical History , vol.46 , pp. 689-696
    • Marshall, P.1
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    • for the simulated bleeding host, see, (London)
    • for the simulated bleeding host, see H. G., A gagge for the pope (London, 1624), p. 50.
    • (1624) A Gagge for the Pope , pp. 50
    • G, H.1
  • 61
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    • for the Berne incident, 627
    • for the Berne incident, More, Works, VI, pp. 88-9, 627.
    • Works , vol.6 , pp. 88-89
    • More1
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    • Forgery and miracles in the reign of Henry VIII
    • For a fuller discussion, see
    • For a fuller discussion, see Peter Marshall, 'Forgery and miracles in the reign of Henry VIII', Past and Present, 178 (2003), pp. 39-73.
    • (2003) Past and Present , vol.178 , pp. 39-73
    • Marshall, P.1
  • 64
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    • How to become a Counter Reformation saint
    • See, in Kaspar von Greyerz, ed., (London)
    • See Peter Burke, 'How to become a Counter Reformation saint', in Kaspar von Greyerz, ed., Religion and society in early modern Europe, 1500-1800 (London, 1984), pp. 45-55.
    • (1984) Religion and Society in Early Modern Europe, 1500-1800 , pp. 45-55
    • Burke, P.1
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    • La santità e il culto dei santi fra universalità e particolarismi
    • (forthcoming). I am grateful to the author for allowing me to read this in advance of publication
    • Ditchfield, Liturgy, sanctity and history, idem, 'La santità e il culto dei santi fra universalità e particolarismi' (forthcoming). I am grateful to the author for allowing me to read this in advance of publication.
    • Liturgy, Sanctity and History
    • Ditchfield1
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    • Rules for thinking with the Church
    • See also the endorsement of these practices in the Jesuit, in John C. Olin, ed., (New York)
    • See also the endorsement of these practices in the Jesuit 'Rules for thinking with the Church', in John C. Olin, ed., The Catholic Reformation: Savonarola to Ignatius Loyola (New York, 1992).
    • (1992) The Catholic Reformation: Savonarola to Ignatius Loyola
  • 71
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    • For reasoned faith or embattled creed ? Religion for the people in early modern Europe
    • 6th ser
    • Euan Cameron, ' For reasoned faith or embattled creed ? Religion for the people in early modern Europe', Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 6th ser., 8 (1998), pp. 165-87.
    • (1998) Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , vol.8 , pp. 165-187
    • Cameron, E.1
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    • George Abbot spoke of the continuing presence of miracles as 'baggage rotten stuffe' and 'dunghill ragges'. See also, (Douai, ), a Jesuit-revised collection of exempla
    • George Abbot spoke of the continuing presence of miracles as 'baggage rotten stuffe' and 'dunghill ragges'. See also Joannis Majoris, Magnum speculum exemplorum (Douai, 1605), a Jesuit-revised collection of exempla.
    • (1605) Magnum Speculum Exemplorum
    • Majoris, J.1
  • 76
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    • As William Crashaw remarked in, 1607 (London), this too retained many 'impious and ridiculous Legends' and 'impossible tales', Feb. xiiij 1607
    • As William Crashaw remarked in The sermon preached at the Crosse, Feb. xiiij 1607 (London, 1608), pp. 155-6, this too retained many 'impious and ridiculous Legends' and 'impossible tales'.
    • (1608) The Sermon Preached at the Crosse, Feb. , pp. 155-156
  • 80
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    • See also his preface to, (Antwerp), in which he turns the charge or fabrication back against the Protestants, pouring scorn on the 'miserable miracles' which filled the pages of Foxe's 'Book of Martyrs'
    • See also his preface to The historie of the Churche of Englande: compiled by Venerable Bede (Antwerp, 1565), pp. 4-8.
    • (1565) The Historie of the Churche of Englande: Compiled by Venerable Bede , pp. 4-8
  • 81
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    • As Peter Marshall notes, in the early Elizabethan period there was a similar wariness about citing ghosts as proof of the existence of purgatory:, (Oxford)
    • As Peter Marshall notes, in the early Elizabethan period there was a similar wariness about citing ghosts as proof of the existence of purgatory: Beliefs and the dead in Reformation England (Oxford, 2002), p. 242.
    • (2002) Beliefs and the Dead in Reformation England , pp. 242
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    • The cessation of miracles
    • For further discussion of the controversy over miracles, see, in Ingrid Merkel and Allen G. Debus, eds., (Washington, London, and Toronto)
    • For further discussion of the controversy over miracles, see D. P. Walker, 'The cessation of miracles', in Ingrid Merkel and Allen G. Debus, eds., Hermeticism and the Renaissance: intellectual history and the occult in early modern Europe (Washington, London, and Toronto, 1988), pp. 111-24.
    • (1988) Hermeticism and the Renaissance: Intellectual History and the Occult in Early Modern Europe , pp. 111-124
    • Walker, D.P.1
  • 96
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    • British Library, Cotton MS Vespasian A-xxv, fos. 41r-42v, at fo. 41V
    • British Library, Cotton MS Vespasian A-xxv, fos. 41r-42v, at fo. 41V.
  • 97
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    • British Library, Lansdowne MS 42, fo. 174r
    • British Library, Lansdowne MS 42, fo. 174r.
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    • Foley, Records, IV, p. 293.
    • Records , vol.4 , pp. 293
    • Foley1
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    • trans. Thomas Price ([St Omer]), esp. bk 1, chs. 15, 17, bk 2, chs. 1, 2, 7, 10, bk 3, chs. 13-18, 24-33, bk 4, chs. 4-12, 17-21, 26-30
    • Orazio Torsellino, The history of our B. Lady of Loreto, trans. Thomas Price ([St Omer], 1608), esp. bk 1, chs. 15, 17, bk 2, chs. 1, 2, 7, 10, bk 3, chs. 13-18, 24-33, bk 4, chs. 4-12, 17-21, 26-30.
    • (1608) The History of Our B. Lady of Loreto
    • Torsellino, O.1
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    • trans. William Lee ([St Omer]). This included 'A briefe Relation' of miracles worked by Ignatius at Munebrega in Spain
    • The theater of Japonia's constancy, trans. William Lee ([St Omer], 1624). This included 'A briefe Relation' of miracles worked by Ignatius at Munebrega in Spain.
    • (1624) The Theater of Japonia's Constancy
  • 106
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    • trans. Thomas Fitzherbert (Paris [St Omer]), esp. bk 2, chs. 7, 16, bk 3, ch. 7, bk 4, ch. 3, bk 6, chs. 1-4
    • Orazio Torsellino, The admirable life of S. Francis Xavier, trans. Thomas Fitzherbert (Paris [St Omer], 1632), esp. bk 2, chs. 7, 16, bk 3, ch. 7, bk 4, ch. 3, bk 6, chs. 1-4.
    • (1632) The Admirable Life of S. Francis Xavier
    • Torsellino, O.1
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    • This latter tract was intended primarily for the Irish market
    • Archdekin, Treatise of miracles. This latter tract was intended primarily for the Irish market.
    • Treatise of Miracles
    • Archdekin1
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    • ed. T. H. B. M. Harmsen (Nijmegen)
    • Gee, Foot out of the snare, ed. T. H. B. M. Harmsen (Nijmegen, 1992), p. 136.
    • (1992) Foot Out of the Snare , pp. 136
    • Gee1
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    • British Library, Stowe MS 176, fo. 207r
    • British Library, Stowe MS 176, fo. 207r.
  • 111
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    • Manuscript transmission and the Catholic martyrdom account in early modern England
    • On manuscript accounts of the martyrs, see also, in idem and Michael D. Bristol, eds., (Columbus, OH), esp. 187-90
    • On manuscript accounts of the martyrs, see also Arthur F. Marotti, 'Manuscript transmission and the Catholic martyrdom account in early modern England', in idem and Michael D. Bristol, eds., Print, manuscript, and performance: The changing relations of the media in early modern England (Columbus, OH, 2000), pp. 172-99, esp. 187-90.
    • (2000) Print, Manuscript, and Performance: The Changing Relations of the Media in Early Modern England , pp. 172-199
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    • In his printed account of the execution of Everard Hanse, ([Rheims])
    • In his printed account of the execution of Everard Hanse, The copie of a double letter ([Rheims, 1581]).
    • (1581) The Copie of a Double Letter
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    • Robert Persons, for instance, declared 'we neede no miracles to trye Martyrs' (p. 5)
    • Robert Persons, for instance, declared 'we neede no miracles to trye Martyrs' (p. 5).
  • 114
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    • See the similar conclusions of Marshall
    • See the similar conclusions of Marshall, Beliefs and the dead, pp. 242-5.
    • Beliefs and the Dead , pp. 242-245
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    • Foley, Records, IV, p. 367.
    • Records , vol.4 , pp. 367
    • Foley1
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    • Foley, Records, I, p. 375.
    • Records , vol.1 , pp. 375
    • Foley1
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    • 77950074347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'An ancient editor's notebook'
    • 'An ancient editor's notebook', in Morris, Troubles, III, p. 52.
    • Troubles , vol.3 , pp. 52
    • Morris1
  • 123
    • 77950095234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, I, p. 326.
    • Records , vol.1 , pp. 326
    • Foley1
  • 124
    • 77950067352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, III, p. 623.
    • Records , vol.3 , pp. 623
    • Foley1
  • 125
    • 77950094525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollen, ed. Unpublished documents, p. 231
    • Pollen, ed., Unpublished documents, p. 231.
  • 128
    • 77950086576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, IV, p. 125.
    • Records , vol.4 , pp. 125
    • Foley1
  • 129
    • 77950078697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, MS A. IV. 7, no. 5
    • Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, MS A. IV. 7, no. 5.
  • 130
    • 77950068068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, MS Anglia vii, n. 26, printed in Pollen, cd. Unpublished documents, p. 291
    • Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, MS Anglia vii, n. 26, printed in Pollen, cd., Unpublished documents, p. 291.
  • 134
    • 77950076463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surprisingly few Counter Reformation martyrs were canonized in the seventeenth or eighteenth centuries, as Burke notes
    • Surprisingly few Counter Reformation martyrs were canonized in the seventeenth or eighteenth centuries, as Burke notes, 'How to become a Counter-Reformation saint', p. 139.
    • How to Become a Counter-Reformation Saint , pp. 139
  • 135
    • 66849122800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • suggests that martyrs were ill-suited to the self-image of a Church which sought to present itself as triumphant and militant. In the context of England, the canonization of convicted traitors would also have been politically insensitive, not to say provocative
    • Hsia, World, p. 125, suggests that martyrs were ill-suited to the self-image of a Church which sought to present itself as triumphant and militant. In the context of England, the canonization of convicted traitors would also have been politically insensitive, not to say provocative.
    • World , pp. 125
    • Hsia1
  • 136
    • 1442335802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See my, (Oxford), ch. 2, for this tradition
    • See my Providence in early modern England (Oxford, 1999), ch. 2, for this tradition.
    • (1999) Providence in Early Modern England
  • 138
    • 77950082205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arrowsmith
    • Foley, Records, II, p. 53 (Arrowsmith).
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 53
    • Foley1
  • 140
    • 77950090982 scopus 로고
    • A true report of the life and martyrdom of Mr Richard White, schoolmaster
    • 3rd ser., (White)
    • Richard Simpson, 'A true report of the life and martyrdom of Mr Richard White, schoolmaster', The Rambler, 3rd ser., 3 (1860), p. 239 (White).
    • (1860) The Rambler , vol.3 , pp. 239
    • Simpson, R.1
  • 141
  • 142
  • 143
    • 77950076992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For, see the account in my, and the references cited therein
    • For Jenkes, see the account in my Providence, pp. 234-5, and the references cited therein.
    • Providence , pp. 234-235
    • Jenkes1
  • 144
    • 84872528751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For Cornelius, see
    • For Cornelius, see Challoner, Memoirs, pp. 198-201.
    • Memoirs , pp. 198-201
    • Challoner1
  • 145
    • 77950081180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'An ancient editor's notebook'
    • 'An ancient editor's notebook', in Morris, Troubles, III, p. 59.
    • Troubles , vol.3 , pp. 59
    • Morris1
  • 146
    • 77950067521 scopus 로고
    • This is probably a reference to Edward Button, mayor of Chester in 1616: see Lawrence M. Clopper, ed., (Manchester)
    • This is probably a reference to Edward Button, mayor of Chester in 1616: see Lawrence M. Clopper, ed., Records of early English drama: Chester (Manchester, 1979), pp. 306, 526.
    • (1979) Records of Early English Drama: Chester , pp. 306-526
  • 148
    • 77950086398 scopus 로고
    • For another version of this story, see Albert J. Loomie, ed., Catholic Record Society, (London)
    • For another version of this story, see Albert J. Loomie, ed., Spain and the Jacobean Catholics, II: 1613-1624, Catholic Record Society 68 (London, 1978), pp. 139-40.
    • (1978) Spain and the Jacobean Catholics, II: 1613-1624 , vol.68 , pp. 139-140
  • 151
    • 77950072046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • south-western Germany, images desecrated by Protestant soldiers during the Thirty Years War likewise became the subject of legends of prodigious weeping, sweating, and bleeding. See
    • In south-western Germany, images desecrated by Protestant soldiers during the Thirty Years War likewise became the subject of legends of prodigious weeping, sweating, and bleeding. See Forster, Catholic revival, pp. 90-1.
    • Catholic Revival , pp. 90-91
    • Forster1
  • 152
    • 77950095769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1100.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1100
    • Foley1
  • 153
    • 77950095233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ed. Caraman
    • Weston, Autobiography, ed. Caraman, pp. 149-50.
    • Autobiography , pp. 149-150
    • Weston1
  • 154
    • 77950081530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1139.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1139
    • Foley1
  • 156
    • 77950067522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1135.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1135
    • Foley1
  • 157
    • 77950073253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, III, pt 2, p. 391.
    • Records , vol.3 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 391
    • Foley1
  • 158
    • 77950069763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robert Persons also compiled a catalogue of judgements on 'divers fautors of that faction' which opposed the Society of Jesus:, ed. Pollen
    • Robert Persons also compiled a catalogue of judgements on 'divers fautors of that faction' which opposed the Society of Jesus: 'Observations of certayne aparcnt judgments', ed. Pollen, p. 203.
    • Observations of Certayne Aparcnt Judgments , pp. 203
  • 159
    • 61149513417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holy fabrications: The catacomb saints and the Counter Reformation in Bavaria
    • See
    • See Trevor Johnson, 'Holy fabrications: The catacomb saints and the Counter Reformation in Bavaria', Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 47 (1996), pp. 274-97.
    • (1996) Journal of Ecclesiastical History , vol.47 , pp. 274-297
    • Johnson, T.1
  • 160
    • 77950075978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Borthwick Institute of Historical Research, York, High Commission Act Book 1572-4, fo. 4or-v
    • Borthwick Institute of Historical Research, York, High Commission Act Book 1572-4, fo. 4or-v.
  • 162
  • 163
    • 77950085005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, 1, p. 565.
    • Records , vol.1 , pp. 565
    • Foley1
  • 165
    • 77950081103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VI, p. 680.
    • Records , vol.4 , pp. 680
    • Foley1
  • 167
  • 168
    • 77950097036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For this episode, see, 195-201
    • For this episode, see Foley, Records, IV, pp. 121-33, 195-201.
    • Records , vol.4 , pp. 121-133
    • Foley1
  • 169
    • 77950080582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • British Library, Additional MS 21, 203, fos. 22r-23r
    • British Library, Additional MS 21, 203, fos. 22r-23r.
  • 170
    • 77950076299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stowe MS 169, fo. 27r
    • Stowe MS 169, fo. 27r.
  • 172
    • 77950075406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See also my
    • See also my Providence, p. 243.
    • Providence , pp. 243
  • 173
    • 77950087618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, II, pp. 548-9.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 548-549
    • Foley1
  • 174
    • 61149534798 scopus 로고
    • Martyrs on the move: Relics as vindicators of local diversity in the Tridentine Church
    • Diana Wood, ed., Studies in Church History, (Oxford)
    • Simon Ditchfield, 'Martyrs on the move: relics as vindicators of local diversity in the Tridentine Church', in Diana Wood, ed., Martyrs and martyrologies, Studies in Church History 30 (Oxford, 1993), pp. 283-94.
    • (1993) Martyrs and Martyrologies , vol.30 , pp. 283-294
    • Ditchfield, S.1
  • 175
    • 61149534798 scopus 로고
    • La santità e il culto dei santi
    • Martyrs and martyrologies, 30, 1993, 283-294, idem, 'La santità e il culto dei santi'.
    • (1993) Martyrs and Martyrologies , vol.30 , pp. 283-294
  • 177
    • 77950096803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, II, p. 497.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 497
    • Foley1
  • 179
    • 77950081365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, II, pp. 61-2.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 61-62
    • Foley1
  • 180
    • 77950085877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, I, pp. 375-6.
    • Records , vol.1 , pp. 375-376
    • Foley1
  • 181
    • 77950067522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cf., where it is alleged that she was skilled as a physician and applied his relics to her patients
    • Foley, Records, Cf. ibid., VII, pt 2, p. 1135, where it is alleged that she was skilled as a physician and applied his relics to her patients.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1135
    • Foley1
  • 182
    • 77950070643 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • vii, 1190, 1130 respectively
    • Foley, Records, Ibid., v, p. 425, vii, pt 2, pp. 1190, 1130 respectively.
    • Records , vol.5 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 425
    • Foley1
  • 183
    • 77950094693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IV, p. 454
    • Foley, Records, Ibid., v, pp. 558-9, IV, p. 454.
    • Records , vol.5 , pp. 558-559
    • Foley1
  • 184
  • 185
    • 0039534549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The phrase 'holy radioactivity' is borrowed from Finucane
    • The phrase 'holy radioactivity' is borrowed from Finucane, Miracles and pilgrims, p. 26.
    • Miracles and Pilgrims , pp. 26
  • 186
    • 77950071687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cf. Gillespie's comments about Ireland in
    • Cf. Gillespie's comments about Ireland in Devoted people, p. 159.
    • Devoted People , pp. 159
  • 187
    • 77950094319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For examples of Jesuit attempts to reclaim medieval relics, see, ed. Caraman
    • For examples of Jesuit attempts to reclaim medieval relics, see Gerard, Autobiography, ed. Caraman, pp. 49-50.
    • Autobiography , pp. 49-50
    • Gerard1
  • 188
    • 77950093622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ed. Caraman
    • Weston, Autobiography, ed. Caraman, pp. 111-12.
    • Autobiography , pp. 111-112
    • Weston1
  • 189
    • 77950086226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For a list of relics in the possession of Anne Vaux and her sister Eleanor Brooksby (including St Stephen's jawbone, a piece of the hairshirt of Thomas Becket, and Robert Sutton's thumb), see Public Record Office (PRO), SP 14/19/72
    • For a list of relics in the possession of Anne Vaux and her sister Eleanor Brooksby (including St Stephen's jawbone, a piece of the hairshirt of Thomas Becket, and Robert Sutton's thumb), see Public Record Office (PRO), SP 14/19/72.
  • 190
    • 77950093796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For a list of such items (and associated indulgences) found in the New Prison in March 1622
    • For a list of such items (and associated indulgences) found in the New Prison in March 1622.
  • 191
    • 77950082715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • see PRO, SP 14/128/8
    • see PRO, SP 14/128/8.
  • 192
    • 77950071322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, II, p. 567.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 567
    • Foley1
  • 193
    • 77950086049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For the quenching of fires, see
    • Foley, Records, For the quenching of fires, see ibid., IV, p. 616.
    • Records , vol.4 , pp. 616
    • Foley1
  • 194
    • 77950095769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1136
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, pp. 1100, 1136.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1100
    • Foley1
  • 195
    • 77950071151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trinity College, Cambridge, MS O.7.3, fo. 6v. The Protestant writer thought the story fit only to be put 'in their lying log'
    • Trinity College, Cambridge, MS O.7.3, fo. 6v. The Protestant writer thought the story fit only to be put 'in their lying log'.
  • 196
    • 77950075208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, Vll, pt 2, p. 1071.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1071
    • Foley1
  • 197
    • 77950095612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, Ibid., VII, pt 2, p. 1141.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1141
    • Foley1
  • 198
    • 77950075788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See also
    • Foley, Records, See also ibid., II, p. 17.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 17
    • Foley1
  • 199
    • 77950086576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 257
    • Foley, Records, III, pp. 125, 257.
    • Records , vol.3 , pp. 125
    • Foley1
  • 200
    • 77950080940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, V, p. 212.
    • Records , vol.5 , pp. 212
    • Foley1
  • 201
    • 77950083253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1179.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1179
    • Foley1
  • 203
    • 77950079191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For the use of Ignatius and Xavier water in the Upper Palatinate, see
    • For the use of Ignatius and Xavier water in the Upper Palatinate, see Johnson, ' Blood, tears and Xavier-water'.
    • Blood, Tears and Xavier-water
    • Johnson1
  • 204
    • 77950098752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1107, 1142-3, respectively
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, pp. 1097, 1107, 1142-3, respectively.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1097
    • Foley1
  • 205
    • 77950067696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • see
    • Foley, Records, see II, p. 6.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 6
    • Foley1
  • 206
    • 77950079367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • István Tóth has discovered similar examples in mission records relating to Hungary: 'Books distributed, books destroyed: books in seventeenth-century Catholic missions in Hungary' and Transylvania' (unpublished paper)
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, pp. 1099-100. István Tóth has discovered similar examples in mission records relating to Hungary: 'Books distributed, books destroyed: books in seventeenth-century Catholic missions in Hungary' and Transylvania' (unpublished paper).
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1099-1100
    • Foley1
  • 209
    • 77950084637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1098.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1098
    • Foley1
  • 210
    • 77950075975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, Ibid., VII, pt 2, p. 1134.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1134
    • Foley1
  • 211
    • 77950087282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, Ibid., VII, pt 2, pp. 1132-3.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1132-1133
    • Foley1
  • 212
  • 213
    • 77950067885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, II, p. 647.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 647
    • Foley1
  • 214
    • 77950077660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PRO, SP 12/17/20 (5 June 1561, Sir Roger Vaughan and Edward Lewis)
    • PRO, SP 12/17/20 (5 June 1561, Sir Roger Vaughan and Edward Lewis).
  • 215
    • 77950075043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holywell: Contesting sacred space in post-Reformation Wales
    • See my, in Will Coster and Andrew Spicer, eds., (Cambridge, forthcoming)
    • See my 'Holywell: contesting sacred space in post-Reformation Wales', in Will Coster and Andrew Spicer, eds., Sacred space: The redefinition of sanctity in post-Reformation Europe (Cambridge, forthcoming).
    • Sacred Space: The Redefinition of Sanctity in Post-reformation Europe
  • 216
    • 77950087116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 528-37
    • Foley, Records, IV, pp. 518 and 528-37.
    • Records , vol.4 , pp. 518
    • Foley1
  • 217
    • 77950082554 scopus 로고
    • For many other miracles associated with Holywell, see
    • For many other miracles associated with Holywell, see Annalecla Bollandiana, 6 (1887), pp. 305-52.
    • (1887) Annalecla Bollandiana , vol.6 , pp. 305-352
  • 218
    • 77950076461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Questier, ed.
    • Questier, ed., Newsletters, p. 99.
    • Newsletters , pp. 99
  • 223
    • 67650445618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Miracles and this world: The battle for Jesus Oak
    • See Craig Harline's illuminating article
    • See Craig Harline's illuminating article 'Miracles and this world: The battle for Jesus Oak', Archiv fur̈ Reformationsgeschichte, 93 (2002), pp. 217-38.
    • (2002) Archiv fur̈ Reformationsgeschichte , vol.93 , pp. 217-238
  • 225
    • 77950083781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A true report of the life and death of Mrs Margaret Clitherow
    • Morris, ed.
    • John Mush, 'A true report of the life and death of Mrs Margaret Clitherow', in Morris, ed., Troubles of our Catholic forefathers, III, pp. 395-7.
    • Troubles of our Catholic Forefathers , vol.3 , pp. 395-397
    • Mush, J.1
  • 227
    • 66849118848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Without church, cathedral or shrine: The search for religious space among Catholics in England, 1559-1625
    • See also
    • See also Lisa McCIain, 'Without church, cathedral or shrine: The search for religious space among Catholics in England, 1559-1625', Sixteenth Century Journal, 33 (2002), pp. 381-99.
    • (2002) Sixteenth Century Journal , vol.33 , pp. 381-399
    • McCiain, L.1
  • 228
    • 0007498037 scopus 로고
    • The English Reformation and the evidence of folklore
    • Ronald Hutton identifies a similar process of domestication in relation to other proscribed Catholic rites
    • Ronald Hutton identifies a similar process of domestication in relation to other proscribed Catholic rites: 'The English Reformation and the evidence of folklore', Past and Present, 148 (1995), pp. 89-116.
    • (1995) Past and Present , vol.148 , pp. 89-116
  • 229
    • 3543002113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern historians owe their detailed knowledge of this notorious episode to Harsnet's
    • Modern historians owe their detailed knowledge of this notorious episode to Harsnet's Declaration of egregious popish impostures.
    • Declaration of Egregious Popish Impostures
  • 231
    • 77950089194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See also, ed. Caraman
    • See also Weston, Autobiography; ed. Caraman, pp. 24-7.
    • Autobiography , pp. 24-27
    • Weston1
  • 232
    • 84872528751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For Cornelius, see
    • For Cornelius, see Challoner, Memoirs, p. 198.
    • Memoirs , pp. 198
    • Challoner1
  • 233
    • 77950072047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, III, p. 446.
    • Records , vol.3 , pp. 446
    • Foley1
  • 234
    • 84872528751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For Arrowsmith and Barlow, see, 395
    • For Arrowsmith and Barlow, see Challoner, Memoirs, pp. 364, 395.
    • Memoirs , pp. 364
    • Challoner1
  • 235
    • 77950085003 scopus 로고
    • English Dominican papers
    • For Armstrong, R. Bracey, ed., (London), 126
    • For Armstrong, R. Bracey, ed., 'English Dominican papers', in Dominicana, Catholic Record Society 25 (London, 1925), pp. 109, 126.
    • (1925) Dominicana, Catholic Record Society , vol.25 , pp. 109
  • 236
    • 45149110812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demons, deviance and defiance: John Darrell and the politics of exorcism in late Elizabethan England
    • See, in Peter Lake and Michael Questier, eds., (Woodbridge)
    • See Thomas Freeman, 'Demons, deviance and defiance: John Darrell and the politics of exorcism in late Elizabethan England', in Peter Lake and Michael Questier, eds., Conformity and orthodoxy in the English Church, c. 1560-c. 1660 (Woodbridge, 2000), pp. 34-63.
    • (2000) Conformity and Orthodoxy in the English Church, c. 1560-c. 1660 , pp. 34-63
    • Freeman, T.1
  • 238
    • 77950073613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For the canon of 1604, see Gerald Bray, ed., Church of England Record Society, (Woodbridge)
    • For the canon of 1604, see Gerald Bray, ed., The Anglican canons, 1529-1947, Church of England Record Society 6 (Woodbridge, 1998), pp. 363-5.
    • (1998) The Anglican Canons, 1529-1947 , vol.6 , pp. 363-365
  • 239
    • 77950075208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1071.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1071
    • Foley1
  • 240
    • 77950084300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cf., who emphasizes that it 'lies not on the periphery, but somewhere near the centre of the role of the Catholic priest in England' until the mid-seventeenth century, yet sees it not as 'a novel departure' but as a persistence of a medieval tradition of clerical healing
    • Cf. Bossy, English Catholic community, pp. 266-7, who emphasizes that it 'lies not on the periphery, but somewhere near the centre of... the role of the Catholic priest in England' until the mid-seventeenth century, yet sees it not as 'a novel departure' but as a persistence of a medieval tradition of clerical healing.
    • English Catholic Community , pp. 266-267
    • Bossy1
  • 243
    • 66149119644 scopus 로고
    • L'exorcismc à la fin du XVle siècle, instrument de la contrc réforme et spectacle baroque
    • Henri Weber, 'L'exorcismc à la fin du XVle siècle, instrument de la contrc réforme et spectacle baroque', Nouvelle ravue du seizième siècle, 1 (1983), pp. 79-101.
    • (1983) Nouvelle Ravue du Seizième Siècle , vol.1 , pp. 79-101
    • Weber, H.1
  • 245
    • 77950090436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The missionary and the devil: Ways of conversion in Catholic missions in Hungary
    • See also, in Eszter Andor and István György Toth, eds., (Budapest)
    • See also István György Tóth, 'The missionary and the devil: ways of conversion in Catholic missions in Hungary', in Eszter Andor and István György Tóth, eds., Frontiers of faith: religious exchange and the constitution of religious identities, 1400-1750 (Budapest, 2001), pp. 79-87.
    • (2001) Frontiers of Faith: Religious Exchange and the Constitution of Religious Identities, 1400-1750 , pp. 79-87
    • Tóth, I.G.1
  • 249
    • 77950078530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relics
    • 83-4, 163, 186, 249
    • Harsnet, Declaration, pp. 55, 83-4, 163, 186, 249 (relics).
    • Declaration , pp. 55
    • Harsnet1
  • 250
    • 77950077845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Priest's garments
    • 75, 81-2, 89
    • Harsnet, Declaration, pp. 64, 75, 81-2, 89 (priest's garments).
    • Declaration , pp. 64
    • Harsnet1
  • 251
    • 77950073959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anointed thumb and finger
    • Harsnet, Declaration, p. 272 (anointed thumb and finger).
    • Declaration , pp. 272
    • Harsnet1
  • 254
    • 77950098061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transubstantiation and purgatory
    • Harsnet, Declaration, pp. 157-8 (transubstantiation and purgatory).
    • Declaration , pp. 157-158
    • Harsnet1
  • 255
    • 77950074514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immaculate Conception
    • Harsnet, Declaration, 162 (Immaculate Conception).
    • Declaration , pp. 162
    • Harsnet1
  • 256
    • 77950098383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infant Jesus in chalice
    • Harsnet, Declaration, 199 (Infant Jesus in chalice).
    • Declaration , pp. 199
    • Harsnet1
  • 257
    • 77950085522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attendance at Protestant churches
    • Harsnet, Declaration, 156 (attendance at Protestant churches).
    • Declaration , pp. 156
    • Harsnet1
  • 260
    • 77950070642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical Manuscripts Commission, 293
    • Historical Manuscripts Commission, Salisbury, VIII, pp. 213-14, 293.
    • Salisbury , vol.8 , pp. 213-214
  • 261
    • 77950072708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, III, pp. 122-3.
    • Records , vol.3 , pp. 122-123
    • Foley1
  • 263
    • 77950074515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1122.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1122
    • Foley1
  • 264
    • 61149688552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weston's 'book of miracles' circulated in recusant households
    • Weston's 'book of miracles' circulated in recusant households: Harsnet, Declaration, p. 1.
    • Declaration , pp. 1
    • Harsnet1
  • 265
    • 84938345021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baddeley's tract on the Boy of Bilson incorporated a manuscript tract prepared by 'J. W.', possibly the priest 'Mr Wheeler'
    • Baddeley's tract on the Boy of Bilson incorporated a manuscript tract prepared by 'J. W.', possibly the priest 'Mr Wheeler': Boy of Bilson, p. 54.
    • Boy of Bilson , pp. 54
  • 266
    • 77950078367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1143.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1143
    • Foley1
  • 268
    • 77950076459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, II, pp. 21-2.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 21-22
    • Foley1
  • 269
    • 0041603235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disruption in the well-ordered household: Age, authority and possessed young people
    • Sec, in Paul Griffiths, Adam Fox, and Steven Hindle, eds., (Basingstoke)
    • Sec J. A. Sharpe 'Disruption in the well-ordered household: age, authority and possessed young people', in Paul Griffiths, Adam Fox, and Steven Hindle, eds., The experience of authority in early modern England (Basingstoke, 1996), pp. 187-212.
    • (1996) The Experience of Authority in Early Modern England , pp. 187-212
    • Sharpe, J.A.1
  • 270
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    • P.J. Holmes, ed., Catholic Record Society, (London), 89-90
    • P.J. Holmes, ed., Elizabethan casuistry, Catholic Record Society 67 (London, 1981), pp. 16, 89-90.
    • (1981) Elizabethan Casuistry , vol.67 , pp. 16
  • 272
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    • The examinations of Sara and Friswood Williams, Anne Smith, Richard Mainy and Anthony Tyrrell are printed at the end of
    • The examinations of Sara and Friswood Williams, Anne Smith, Richard Mainy and Anthony Tyrrell are printed at the end of Harsnet's Declaration.
    • Declaration
    • Harsnet's1
  • 275
    • 62249211755 scopus 로고
    • The devil and the German people: Reflections on the popularity of demon possession in sixteenth century Germany
    • On the confusion between prophecy and possession, see, in Stephen Ozment, ed., Sixteenth Century Essays and Studies, (Kirksville), esp.
    • On the confusion between prophecy and possession, see H. C. Erik Midelfort, 'The devil and the German people: reflections on the popularity of demon possession in sixteenth century Germany', in Stephen Ozment, ed., Religion and culture in the Renaissance and Reformation, Sixteenth Century Essays and Studies 11 (Kirksville, 1989), esp. pp. 112-18.
    • (1989) Religion and Culture in the Renaissance and Reformation , vol.11 , pp. 112-118
    • Midelfort, H.C.E.1
  • 279
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    • Beatas and the Inquisition in early modern Seville
    • See, in Stephen Haliczer, ed., (London)
    • See Mary Elizabeth Perry, 'Beatas and the Inquisition in early modern Seville', in Stephen Haliczer, ed., Inquisition and society in early modern Europe (London, 1987), pp. 147-68.
    • (1987) Inquisition and Society in Early Modern Europe , pp. 147-168
    • Perry, M.E.1
  • 283
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    • quotations at sigs. D1r, D4r
    • Rich, True report, quotations at sigs. D1r, D4r.
    • True Report
    • Rich1
  • 286
    • 62149096851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Print, orality and communications in the Maid of Kent affair
    • The accounts of Catholic prophets like Elizabeth Barton and Elizabeth Orton operate within the conventions of a much older hagiographical tradition: see
    • The accounts of Catholic prophets like Elizabeth Barton and Elizabeth Orton operate within the conventions of a much older hagiographical tradition: see Ethan H. Shagan, 'Print, orality and communications in the Maid of Kent affair', Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 52 (2001), pp. 21-33.
    • (2001) Journal of Ecclesiastical History , vol.52 , pp. 21-33
    • Shagan, E.H.1
  • 289
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    • Foley, Records, II, pp. 645-7.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 645-647
    • Foley1
  • 290
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    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1178.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1178
    • Foley1
  • 293
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    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, p. 1200.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1200
    • Foley1
  • 294
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    • Foley, Records, II, p. 400.
    • Records , vol.2 , pp. 400
    • Foley1
  • 295
  • 297
    • 77950093974 scopus 로고
    • Gee's allegations were part of a well-established Protestant tradition: see, for instance, the broadsheet concerning a Jesuit who dressed as a devil in 1569 in an effort to frighten an Augsburg maiden into abandoning her faith:, (New York
    • Gee's allegations were part of a well-established Protestant tradition: see, for instance, the broadsheet concerning a Jesuit who dressed as a devil in 1569 in an effort to frighten an Augsburg maiden into abandoning her faith: Walter L. Strauss, The German single-leaf woodcut, 1550-1600, III (New York, 1975), p. 1335.
    • (1975) The German Single-leaf Woodcut, 1550-1600 , vol.3 , pp. 1335
    • Strauss, W.L.1
  • 299
    • 77950072227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VII, pt 2, 1056.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1056
    • Foley1
  • 301
    • 77950090073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • See also, ed. Harmsen, and see 182-3
    • See also Gee, Foot out of the snare, ed. Harmsen, p. 133 and see pp. 182-3.
    • Foot Out of the Snare , pp. 133
    • Gee1
  • 306
    • 77950066842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bodleian Library, Oxford, Tanner MS 290, fo. 49r
    • Bodleian Library, Oxford, Tanner MS 290, fo. 49r.
  • 310
    • 77950078195 scopus 로고
    • London
    • John Gee, Holdfast (London, 1624), p. 44.
    • (1624) Holdfast , pp. 44
    • Gee, J.1
  • 311
    • 77950084809 scopus 로고
    • George Roberts, ed., Camden Society, 1st ser
    • George Roberts, ed., The diary of Walter Yonge ...from 1604 to 1628, Camden Society, 1st ser., 41 (1848), p. 13.
    • (1848) The Diary of Walter Yonge from 1604 to 1628 , vol.41 , pp. 13
  • 315
    • 2342556382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (London, 1855 edn), ch. 9. Curiously the first edition does not include several of these 'testimonies above ordinary of her sanctity'. For beatas, see, ch. 6
    • (London, 1855 edn), ch. 9. Curiously the first edition does not include several of these 'testimonies above ordinary of her sanctity'. For beatas, see Gentilcore, From bishop to witch, ch. 6.
    • From Bishop to Witch
    • Gentilcore1
  • 318
    • 60949381219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Living saints: A typology of female sanctity in the early sixteenth century
    • Daniel Bornstein and R. Rusconi, eds., (Chicago)
    • Gabriella Zarri, ' Living saints: a typology of female sanctity in the early sixteenth century', in Daniel Bornstein and R. Rusconi, eds., Women and religious in medieval and Renaissance Italy (Chicago, 1996), pp. 219-303.
    • (1996) Women and Religious in Medieval and Renaissance Italy , pp. 219-303
    • Zarri, G.1
  • 319
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    • Foley, Records, III, pp. 168-73.
    • Records , vol.3 , pp. 168-173
    • Foley1
  • 320
    • 77950074154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, VI, pp. 265-6.
    • Records , vol.6 , pp. 265-266
    • Foley1
  • 321
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    • Foley, Records, Ibid., IV, p. 340.
    • Records , vol.4 , pp. 340
    • Foley1
  • 322
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    • 'An ancient editor's notebook'
    • 'An ancient editor's notebook', in Morris, Troubles, III, pp. 41-2.
    • Troubles , vol.3 , pp. 41-42
    • Morris1
  • 323
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    • Foley, Records, III, pp. 445-50.
    • Records , vol.3 , pp. 445-450
    • Foley1
  • 324
    • 77950077843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foley, Records, Ibid., VII, pt 2, p. 1136.
    • Records , vol.7 , Issue.PT 2 , pp. 1136
    • Foley1
  • 326
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    • For similar examples from other contexts, see, 106-7
    • For similar examples from other contexts, see Chatellier, Religion of the poor, pp. 102-3, 106-7.
    • Religion of the Poor , pp. 102-103
    • Chatellier1
  • 329
    • 2342556382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • on Guiseppe da Copertino, 176
    • on Guiseppe da Copertino, Gentilcore, From bishop to witch, pp. 165-8, 176.
    • From Bishop to Witch , pp. 165-168
    • Gentilcore1
  • 330
    • 77950068443 scopus 로고
    • Recatholicisation
    • See, and the broadsheet picture, [British Library classmark 1750, c.2]
    • See Johnson, 'Recatholicisation', pp. 267-84, and the broadsheet picture Vera effigies A. R. P. Marci de Aviano (1680) [British Library classmark 1750, c.2].
    • (1680) Vera Effigies A. R. P. Marci de Aviano , pp. 267-284
    • Johnson1
  • 331
    • 77950085874 scopus 로고
    • The Spanish Jesuit Miguel de Ochoa was reputed to have similar gifts. See, (Cambridge, MA)
    • The Spanish Jesuit Miguel de Ochoa was reputed to have similar gifts. See John W. O'Malley, The first Jesuits (Cambridge, MA, 1993), p. 268.
    • (1993) The First Jesuits , pp. 268
    • O'Malley, J.W.1
  • 332
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    • Richard Hunter and Ida Macalpine, eds., (London)
    • Richard Hunter and Ida Macalpine, eds., Three hundred years of psychiatry, 1535-1860 (London, 1963), p. 151.
    • (1963) Three Hundred Years of Psychiatry, 1535-1860 , pp. 151
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    • Father O'Finaghty's miracles
    • 5th ser.
    • Anslem Faulkner, 'Father O'Finaghty's miracles', Irish Ecclesiastical Record, 5th ser., 104 (1965), pp. 349-62.
    • (1965) Irish Ecclesiastical Record , vol.104 , pp. 349-362
    • Faulkner, A.1
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    • Valentine Greatrakes, the Irish stroker: Miracle, science and orthodoxy in Restoration England
    • See also British Library, Sloane MS 1926, fo. 4r (a tract against Valentine Greatrakes), for a reference to a 'Master Summer'. On Greatrakes, see, ', in Keith Robbins, ed., Studies in Church History, (Oxford)
    • See also British Library, Sloane MS 1926, fo. 4r (a tract against Valentine Greatrakes), for a reference to a 'Master Summer'. On Greatrakes, see Eamon Duffy, 'Valentine Greatrakes, the Irish stroker: miracle, science and orthodoxy in Restoration England', in Keith Robbins, ed., Religion and humanism, Studies in Church History 17 (Oxford, 1981), pp. 251-73.
    • (1981) Religion and Humanism , vol.17 , pp. 251-273
    • Duffy, E.1
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    • London, citation at
    • A.S., Miracles not ceas'd (London, 1663), citation at p. 22.
    • (1663) Miracles not Ceas'd , pp. 22
    • S, A.1
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    • The "new art of lying": Equivocation, mental reservation, and casuistry
    • See, in Edmund Leites, ed., (Cambridge and Paris)
    • See Johann P. Sommerville, 'The "new art of lying": equivocation, mental reservation, and casuistry', in Edmund Leites, ed., Conscience and casuistry in early modern Europe (Cambridge and Paris, 1988), pp. 159-84.
    • (1988) Conscience and Casuistry in Early Modern Europe , pp. 159-184
    • Sommerville, J.P.1
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    • The continuity of Catholicism in the English Reformation
    • ed., (Cambridge), 194-5, 208
    • Christopher Haigh, 'The continuity of Catholicism in the English Reformation', in idem, ed., The English Reformation revised (Cambridge, 1987), pp. 178, 194-5, 208.
    • (1987) The English Reformation Revised , pp. 178
    • Haigh, C.1
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    • John O'Malley reminds us that they saw both conditions as springing from spiritual apathy and moral inertia
    • John O'Malley reminds us that they saw both conditions as springing from spiritual apathy and moral inertia: First Jesuits, p. 16.
    • First Jesuits , pp. 16
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    • Of the life and martyrdom of Father Edmund Campion
    • 308-39, at p. 325
    • Robert Parsons, 'Of the life and martyrdom of Father Edmund Campion', Letters and Notices, 58 (1877), pp. 219-42, 308-39, at p. 325.
    • (1877) Letters and Notices , vol.58 , pp. 219-242
    • Parsons, R.1
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    • The English Catholic community, 1603-1625
    • Alan G. R. Smith, ed., (Basingstoke)
    • idem, 'The English Catholic community, 1603-1625', in Alan G. R. Smith, ed., The Reign of James VI and I (Basingstoke, 1973), p. 104.
    • (1973) The Reign of James VI and I , pp. 104
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    • esp., 207
    • Haigh, 'Continuity', esp. pp. 200, 207.
    • Continuity , pp. 200
    • Haigh1


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