Maximal power and performance during a swim taper

International Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 29, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 500-506

  Trinity, Joel D ^a   Pahnke, M D ^a   Sterkel, J A ^a   Coyle, E F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

Human performance; Inertial load ergometer; Swim training; Torque

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ERGOMETRY; EXERCISE INTENSITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; NORMAL HUMAN; SWIMMING; TORQUE; TRAINING;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ADOLESCENT; ERGOMETRY; EXERCISE TEST; EXERCISE TOLERANCE; FEMALE; HUMANS; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; SWIMMING; TASK PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS; TIME;

EID: 44949205524     PISSN: 01724622     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965784     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Cavanaugh JC, Musch KI. Arm and leg power of elite swimmers increase after taper as measured by biokinetic variable resistance machines. J Swim Res 1989; 5: 5-7
2. Costill DL, King DS, Holdren A. Sprint speed vs. swimming power. Swim Tech 1983; 20: 20-21
3. Costill DL, King DS, Thomas R, Hargreaves M. Effects of reduced training on muscular power in swimmers. Phys Sport Med 1985; 30: 94-101
4. Costill DL, Thomas R, Robergs RA, Pascoe D, Lambert C, Barr S, Fink WJ. Adaptations to swimming training: influence of training volume. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1991; 23: 371-377
5. Dudley GA, Abraham WM, Terjung RL. Influence of exercise intensity and duration on biochemical adaptations in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 1982; 53: 844-850
6. Fitts RH, Costill DL, Gardetto PR. Effect of swim exercise training on human muscle fiber function. J Appl Physiol 1989; 66: 465-475
7. Gibala MJ, Little JP, van Essen M, Wilkin GP, Burgomaster KA, Safdar A, Raha S, Tarnopolsky MA. Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance. J Physiol 2006; 575: 901-911
8. Harber MP, Gallagher PM, Creer AR, Minchev KM, Trappe SW. Single muscle fiber contractile properties during a competitive season in male runners. Am J Physiol 2004; 287: R1124-R1131
9. Holloszy JO, Coyle EF. Adaptations of skeletal muscle to endurance exercise and their metabolic consequences. J Appl Physiol 1984; 56: 831-838
10. Hooper SL, Mackinnon LT, Ginn EM. Effects of three tapering techniques on the performance, forces and psychometric measures of competitive swimmers. Eur J Appl Physiol 1998; 78: 258-263
11. Houmard JA, Kirwan JP, Flynn MG, Mitchell JB. Effects of reduced training on submaximal and maximal running responses. Int J Sports Med 1989; 10: 30-33
12. Houmard JA, Johns RA. Effects of taper on swim performance; practical implications. Sports Med 1994; 17: 224-232
13. Houmard JA, Scott BK, Justice CL, Chenier T. The effects of taper on performance in distance runners. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1994; 26: 624-631
14. Johns R, Houmard JA, Kobe RW, Hortobagyi T, Bruno NJ, Wells JM, Shinebarger MH. Effects of taper on swim power, stroke distance, and performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992; 24: 1141-1146
15. Johnson RE, Sharp RL, Hedrick CE. Relationship of swimming power and dryland power to sprint freestyle performance: a multiple regression approach. J Swim Res 1993; 9: 10-14
16. Maglischo E (ed). Swimming Fastest: the Essential Reference on Training, Technique and Program Design. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2003
17. Martin DT, Scifres JC, Zimmerman SD, Wilkinson JG. Effects of interval training and a taper on cycling performance and isokinetic leg strength. Int J Sports Med 1994; 15: 485-491
18. Martin JC, Wagner BM, Coyle EF. Inertial-load method determines maximal cycling power in a single exercise bout. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1997; 29: 1505-1512
19. Mujika I, Busso T, Lacoste L, Barale F, Geyssant A, Chatard JC. Modeled responses to training and taper in competitive swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28: 251-258
20. Mujika I, Padilla S. Scientific bases for precompetition tapering strategies. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35: 1182-1187
21. Mujika I, Padilla S, Pyne D, Busso T. Physiological changes associated with the pre-event taper in athletes. Sports Med 2004; 34: 891-927
22. Neary JP, Martin TP, Reid DC, Burnham R, Quinney HA. The effects of a reduced exercise duration taper programme on performance and muscle enzymes of endurance cyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol 1992; 65: 30-36
23. Neary JP, Martin T, Quinney HA. Effects of taper on endurance cycling capacity and single muscle fiber properties. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003; 35: 1875-1881
24. Neufer PD, Costill DL, Fielding RA, Flynn MG, Kirwan JP. Effect of reduced training on muscular strength and endurance in competitive swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1987; 19: 486-490
25. Neary JP, McKenzie D, Bhambhani Y. Muscle oxygenation trends after tapering in trained cyclists. Dyn Med 2004; 4: 4
26. Sharp RL, Troup JP, Costill DL. Relationship between power and sprint freestyle swimming. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1982; 14: 53-56
27. Shepley B, MacDougall JD, Cipriano N, Sutton JR, Tarnopolsky MA, Coates G. Physiological effects of tapering in highly trained athletes. J Appl Physiol 1992; 72: 706-711
28. Trappe SW, Costill DL, Thomas R. Effect of swim taper on whole muscle and single muscle fiber contractile properties. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2001; 33: 48-56
29. Trinity JD, Pahnke MD, Reese E, Coyle EF. Maximal mechanical power during a taper in elite swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006; 38: 1643-1649
30. Yamamoto Y, Mutoh Y. Hematological and biochemical indices during the tapering period of competitive swimmers. In: Ungerects BE, Wilke K, Reischle K (eds). Swimming Science V, International Series on Sports Sciences. Chap. 18. Champaign: Human Kinetics, 1988: 243-249
31. Yancher R, Larsen O, Baer C. Power and velocity relationships in swimming. Swim Tech 1983; 19: 16-18
32. Zardakas PC, Carter JB, Bannister EW. Modeling the effect of taper on performance, maximal oxygen uptake, and the anaerobic threshold in endurance triathletes. In: Semple SJ, Adams I (eds). Modelling and Control of Ventilation. New York: Plenum Press, 1995: 179-186