Time dependent structural architecture of subsidiary fracturing and stress pattern in the tip region of an extensional growth fault system, Tarquinia basin, Italy

Tectonophysics

Volumn 454, Issue 1-4, 2008, Pages 54-69

  Balsamo, F ^a   Storti, F ^a   Piovano, B ^a   Salvini, F ^a   Cifelli, F ^a   Lima, C ^b  

^a ROMA TRE UNIVERSITY   (Italy)

^b CENPES   (Brazil)

Author keywords

AMS; Extensional tectonics; Fault core; Fault tip; Soft sediment deformation; Stress

Indexed keywords

DEFORMATION; EXTENSIONAL TECTONICS; FAULT ZONE; FRACTURE; MODELING; SEDIMENT PROPERTY; STRESS; STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY;

EURASIA; EUROPE; ITALY; LAZIO; SOUTHERN EUROPE; TARQUINIA BASIN; VITERBO;

EID: 44949164428     PISSN: 00401951     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2008.04.011     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Anders M.H., and Wiltschko D.V. Microfracturing, paleostress and the growth of faults. Journal of Structural Geology 16 6 (1994) 795-815
2. Anderson E.M. The Dynamics of Faulting (1951), Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh
3. Antonellini M.A., Aydin A., and Pollard D.D. Microstructure of deformation bands in porous sandstones at Arches National Park, Utah. Journal of Structural Geology 16 7 (1994) 941-959
4. Aydin A. Small faults formed as deformation bands in sandstone. Pure and Applied Geophysics 116 (1978) 913-930
5. Barton C.A., and Zoback M.D. Stress perturbations associated with active faults penetrated by boreholes: possible evidence for near-complete stress drop and a new technique for stress magnitude measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research 99 (1994) 9373-9390
6. Bernabé Y., Fryer D.T., and Hayes J.A. The effect of cement on the strength of granular rocks. Geophysical Research Letters 19 14 (1992) 1511-1514
7. Bons P., and Jessel M.W. Image analysis of microstructures in natural and experimental samples. In: De Paor D.G. (Ed). Structural Geology and Personal Computers (1996), Pergamon, London 135-166
8. Borradaile G.J. Particulate flow of rock and the formation of cleavage. Tectonophysics 72 (1981) 305-321
9. Borradaile G.J., and Tarling D.H. The influence of deformation mechanism on magnetic fabrics in weakly deformed rocks. Tectonophysics 77 (1981) 151-178
10. Borradaile G.J., and Hamilton T. Magnetic fabrics may proxy as neotectonic stress trajectories, Polis rift, Cyprus. Tectonics 23 (2004) TC1001 10.1029/2002TC001434
11. Caine J.S., Evans J.P., and Forster C.B. Fault zone architecture and permeability structure. Geology 24 (1996) 1025e1028
12. Cartwright J.A., and Mansfield C. Lateral displacement variation and lateral tip geometry of normal faults in the Canyonlands National Park, Utah. Journal of Structural Geology 20 1 (1998) 3-19 January 1998
13. Cartwright J.A., Trudgill B.D., and Mansfield C.S. Fault growth by segment linkage: an explanation for scatter in maximum displacement and trace length data from the Canyonlands Grabens of SE Utah. Journal of Structural Geology 17 (1995) 1319-1326
14. Cartwright J.A., Mansfield C., and Trudgill B. The growth of normal faults by segment linkage. In: Buchanan P.G., and Nieuwland D.A. (Eds). Modern Development in Structural Interpretation, Validation and Modelling. Special Publication of the Geological Society vol. 99 (1996) 163-177 London
15. Chester F.M., and Logan J.M. Implications for mechanical properties of brittle faults from observations of the Punchbowl Fault Zone, California. Pure and Applied Geophysics 124 1/2 (1986) 79-106
16. Cifelli F., Rossetti F., Mattei M., Hirt A.M., Funiciello R., and Tortorici L. An AMS, structural and paleomagnetic study of quaternary deformation in eastern Sicily. Journal of Structural Geology 26 (2004) 29-46
17. Cladouhos T.T. Shape preferred orientations of survivor grains in fault gouge. Journal of Structural Geology 21 4 (1999) 419-436
18. CNR (Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerche). Structural model of Italy and gravity map. Quaderni de "la Ricerca Scientifica" 3 (1991) N. 114
19. Cowie P.A., and Scholz C.H. Physical explanation for the displacement-length relationship of faults, using a post-yield fracture mechanics model. Journal of Structural Geology 14 (1992) 1133-1148
20. Davatzes N.C., and Aydin A. Overprinting faulting mechanisms in high porosity sandstones of SE Utah. Journal of Structural Geology 25 11 (2003) 1795-1813 November, 2003
21. Davatzes N.C., Eichhubl P., and Aydin A. The structural evolution of fault zones in sandstone by multiple deformation mechanisms; Moab fault, SE Utah. Geological Society of America Bulletin 117 1 (2005) 135-148
22. Davis G.H. Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions (1984), Wiley, New York 492pp
23. De Rita D., Bertagnini A., Faccenna C., Landi P., Rosa C., Zarlenga F., Di Filippo M., and Carboni M.G. Evoluzione geopetrografica-strutturale dell'area Tolfetana. Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana 116 (1997) 143-175
24. Destro N. Release fault: a variety of cross fault in linked extensional fault systems, in the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, NE Brazil. Journal of Structural Geology 17 5 (1995) 615-629 May 1995
25. Destro N., Szatmari P., Alkmin F.F., and Magnavita L.P. Release faults, associated structures, and their control on petroleum trends in the Reconcavo rift, northeast Brazil. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 87 (2003) 1123-1144
26. Du Bernard X., Eichhubl P., and Aydin A. Dilation bands: a new form of localized failure in granular media. Geophysical Research Letters 29 24 (2002) 2176 10.1029/2002GL015966
27. Dunn D.E., LaFountain L., and Jackson R.E. Porosity dependence and mechanism of brittle fracture in sandstones. Journal of Geophysical Research 78 (1973) 2403-2417
28. Fazzini P., Gelmini P., Mantovani M.P., and Pellegrini M. Geologia dei Monti della Tolfa (Lazio Settentrionale; Province di Viterbo e Roma). Memorie della Società Geologica Italiana 11 (1972) 65-144
29. Ferrill D.A., and Morris A.P. Displacement gradient and deformation in normal fault systems. Journal of Structural Geology 23 4 (2001) 619-638
30. Fossen H., and Hesthammer J. Geometric analysis and scaling relations of deformation bands in porous sandstone. Journal of Structural Geology 19 12 (1997) 1479-1493 December
31. Fossen H., Schultz R., Shipton Z., and Mair K. Deformation bands in sandstone - a review. Journal of the Geological Society, London 164 (2007) 755-769
32. Francus P. An image-analysis technique to measure grain-size variation in thin sections of soft clastic sediments. Sedimentary Geology 121 3-4 (1998) 289-298
33. Graham J.W. Significance of Magnetic Anisotropy in Appalachian Sedimentary Rocks: the Earth Beneath the Continents, v. Monography 10 (1966), American Geophysical Union Geophysics 627-648 p
34. Hamilton N., and Rees A.I. The Use of Magnetic Fabric in Paleocurrent Estimation: Peleogeophysics (1970), Oxford 445-463 p
35. Hesthammer J., and Fossen H. Structural core analysis from the Gullfaks area, northern North Sea. Marine and Petroleum Geology 18 3 (2001) 411-439
36. Hrouda F. Magnetic anisotropy of rocks and its application in geology and geophysics. Geophysical Survey 5 (1982) 37-82
37. Hrouda F. A technique for the measurement of thermal changes of magnetic susceptibility of weakly magnetic rocks by the CS-2 apparatus and KLY-2 Kappabridge. Geophysical Journal International 118 3 (1994) 604-612
38. Kattenhorn S.A., Aydin A., Pollard D.D., et al. Joints at high-angles to normal fault strike: an explanation using 3-D numerical models of fault-perturbed stress fields. Journal of Structural Geology 22 1 (2000) 1-23
39. Kim Y.S., Peacock D.C.P., and Sanderson D.J. Fault damage zones. Journal of Structural Geology 26 (2004) 503-517
40. Kissel C., Barrier E., Laj C., and Lee T.Q. Magnetic fabric in "undeformed" marine clays from compressional zones. Tectonics 5 (1986) 769-781
41. Jackson C.A.L., Gawthorpe R.L., and Sharp I.R. Growth and linkage of the East Tanka fault zone, Suez rift: structural style and syn-rift stratigraphic response. Journal of Geological Society of London 159 (2002) 175-187
42. Jelínek V. The Statistical Theory of Measuring Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility of Rocks and Its Application (1977), Geofyzika Brno, Brno 88
43. Jelínek V. Characterization of the magnetic fabric of rocks. Tectonophysics 79 (1981) 63-67
44. Johansen T.E.S., Fossen H., and Kluge R. The impact of syn-faulting porosity reduction on damage zone architecture in porous sandstone: an outcrop example from the Moab Fault, Utah. Journal of Structural Geology 27 8 (2005) 1469-1485 August, 2005
45. Larsen P.H. Relay structures in a Lower Permian basement-involved extension system, East Greenland. Journal of Structural Geology 10 1 (1988) 3-8
46. Lucas S.E., and Moore J.C. Cataclastic deformation in accretionary wedges: Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 166, southern Mexico, and on-land examples from Barbados and Kodiak Islands. In: Moore J.C. (Ed). Structural Fabrics in Deep Sea Drilling Project Cores from Forearcs. Geological Society of America Memoir vol. 166 (1986) 89-104
47. Maltman A. The Geological Deformation of Sediment (1994), Chapman & Hall
48. Mandl G. Mechanics of tectonic faulting. In: Zwart H.J. (Ed). Developments in Structural Geology Series (1988), Elsevier, Amsterdam 407 p
49. Mandl G. Faulting in brittle rocks. An Introduction to the Mechanics of Tectonic Faults (2000), Springer, Berlin 434pp
50. Martel S.J. Effects of cohesive zones on small faults and implications for secondary fracturing and fault trace geometry. Journal of Structural Geology 19 (1997) 835-847
51. Mattei M., Sagnotti L., Faccenna C., and Funiciello R. Magnetic fabric of weakly deformed clay-rich sediments in the Italian peninsula: relationships with compressional and extensional tectonics. Tectonophysics 271 (1997) 107-122
52. Mattei M., Cipollari P., Cosentino D., Argentieri A., Rossetti F., and Speranza F. The Miocene tectonic evolution of the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea: stratigraphy, structural and paleomagnetic data from the on-shore Amantea basin (Calabrian Arc, Italy). Basin Research 14 (2002) 147-168
53. McClay K., and Khalil S. Extensional hard linkages, eastern Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Geology 26 (1998) 563-566 No. 6
54. McGrath A.C., and Davison I. Damage zone geometry around fault tips. Journal of Structural Geology 17 7 (1995) 1011-1024 July 1995
55. Medwedeff D.A., and Krantz R.W. Kinematic and analog modeling of 3-D extensional ramps: observations and a new 3-D deformation model. Journal of Structural Geology 24 4 (2002) 763-772
56. Mollema P.N., and Antonellini M.A. Compaction bands: a structural analog for anti-mode I cracks in aeolian sandstone. Tectonophysics 267 1-4 (1996) 209-228 3o
57. Optimas ® 6.5, 1999. Media Cybernetics, Inc. Silver Spring, MD, USA.
58. Paterson S.R., Yu H., and Oertel G. Primary and tectonic fabric intensities in mudrocks. Tectonophysics 247 (1995) 105-119
59. Peacock D.C.P., and Sanderson D.J. Displacements, segment linkage and relay ramps in normal fault zones. Journal of Structural Geology 13 6 (1991) 721-733
60. Peacock D.C.P., and Sanderson D.J. Geometry and development of relay ramps in normal fault systems. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 78 (1994) 147-165
61. Pollard D.D., and Segall P. Theoretical displacement and stresses near fractures in rock: with applications to faults, joints, veins, dikes, and solution surfaces. In: Atkinson B.K. (Ed). Fracture Mechanics of Rock (1987), Academic Press, London 277-349
62. Ramsay J.C. Shear zone geometry: a review. Journal of Structural Geometry 2 (1980) 83-90
63. Rawling G.C., and Goodwin L.B. Cataclasis and particulate flow in faulted, poorly lithified sediments. Journal of Structural Geology 25 3 (2003) 317-331 March, 2003
64. Rawling G.C., Goodwin L.B., and Wilson J.L. Internal architecture, permeability structure, and hydrologic significance of contrasting fault-zone types. Geology 29 (2001) 43-46
65. Roberts G.P. Variation in fault-slip directions along active and segmented normal fault systems. Journal of Structural Geology 18 6 (1996) 835-845 June 1996
66. Rochette P. Magnetic susceptibility of the rock matrix related to magnetic fabric studies. Journal of Structural Geology 9 (1987) 1015-1020
67. Rotevatn A., Fossen H., Hesthammer J., Aas T.E., and Howell J.A. Are relay ramps conduits for fluid flow?. Structural analysis of a relay ramp in Arches National Park, Utah. Special Publications vol. 270 (2007), Geological Society, London 55-71 2007
68. Sagnotti L., Faccenna C., Funiciello R., and Mattei M. Magnetic fabric and structural setting of Plio-Pleistocene clayey units in an extensional regime: the Tyrrhenian margin of central Italy. Journal of Structural Geology 16 (1994) 1243-1257
69. Saidi F., Bernabé Y., and Reuschle T. The mechanical behaviour of synthetic, poorly consolidated granular rock under uniaxial compression. Tectonophysics 370 1-4 (2003) 105-120
70. Salvini F., Billi A., and Wise D.U. Strike-slip fault-propagation cleavage in carbonate rocks: the Mattinata Fault Zone, Southern Apennines, Italy. Journal of Structural Geology 21 12 (1999) 1731-1749 December, 1999
71. Schlische R.W. Geometry and origin of fault-related folds in extensional settings. AAPG Bulletin 79 (1995) 1661-1678 no. 11
72. Selley R.C. Applied Sedimentology (2000), Academic Press 523 pp
73. Shipton Z.H., and Cowie P.A. Damage zone and slip-surface evolution over μm to km scales in high-porosity Navajo sandstone, Utah. Journal of structural Geology 23 12 (2001) 1825-1844 December, 2001
74. Sibson R.H. Fault rocks and fault mechanisms. Journal of the Geological Society of London 133 (1977) 191-213
75. Stewart S.A. Displacement distribution on extensional faults: implication for fault stretch, linkage and seal. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 85 (2001) 587-599
76. Storti F., and Salvini F. Fault re-activation, fracture patterns, and cataclasite development in the carbonate rocks of the Narni Anticline. The evolution of a model trap structure in the Apennines, Italy. Journal of Petroleum Geology 24 (2001) 171-190
77. Storti F., Rossetti F., Läufer A.L., and Salvini F. Consistent kinematic architecture in the damage zones of intraplate strike-slip fault systems in North Victoria Land, Antarctica and implications for fault zone evolution. Journal of Structural Geology 28 1 (2006) 50-63
78. Tarling D.H., and Hrouda F. The Magnetic Anisotropy of Rocks (1993), Chapman & Hall, London 217 p
79. Torabi, A., Braathen, A., Cuisiat, F., Fossen, H., 2007. Shear zones in porous sand: insights from ring-shear experiments and naturally deformed sandstones. Tectonophysics 437, 1-4, pp. 37-50.
80. Trudgill B., and Cartwright J. Relay-ramp forms and normal-fault linkages, Canyonlands National Park, Utah. Geological Society of America Bulletin 106 9 (1994) 1143-1157
81. Tucker M.E. Sedimentary Petrology (2001), Blackwell Science 262 pp
82. Turcotte D.L., and Schubert G. Geodynamics (2002), Cambridge University Press, New York 456 p
83. Wu R., and Bruhn R.L. Geometry and kinematics of active normal faults, South Oquirrh Mountains, Utah: implication for fault growth. Journal of Structural Geology 16 8 (1994) 1061-1075
84. Zang A., and Wong T.F. Elastic stiffness and stress concentration in cemented granular material. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 32 6 (1995) 563-574