Diagenesis and reservoir quality evolution of palaeocene deep-water, marine sandstones, the Shetland-Faroes Basin, British continental shelf

Marine and Petroleum Geology

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 2008, Pages 514-543

  Mansurbeg, H ^a   Morad, S ^a,b   Salem, A ^c   Marfil, R ^d   El ghali, M A K ^e   Nystuen, J P ^f   Caja, M A ^d   Amorosi, A ^g   Garcia, D ^h   La Iglesia, A ⁱ  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b KHALIFA UNIVERSITY   (United Arab Emirates)

^c TANTA UNIVERSITY   (Egypt)

^d UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID   (Spain)

^e UNIVERSITY OF TRIPOLI   (Libyan Arab Jamahiriya)

^f UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^g UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

^h CENTRE SPIN   (France)

ⁱ Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas   (Spain)

Author keywords

Diagenesis; Reservoir quality; Sequence stratigraphy; Shetland Faroes Basin; Tertiary; Turbidites

Indexed keywords

DIAGENESIS; HIGHSTAND SYSTEMS TRACT; LOWSTAND SYSTEMS TRACT; RESERVOIR QUALITY;

FELDSPAR; GEOCHEMISTRY; KAOLINITE; MICA; MINERALOGY; PETROGRAPHY; SANDSTONE; STRATIGRAPHY; TURBIDITY;

PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS;

BIOTITE; CALCITE; CONTINENTAL SHELF; DEEP WATER; DIAGENESIS; FELDSPAR; PALEOCENE; PLAGIOCLASE; POREWATER; QUARTZ; RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION; SANDSTONE; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; SIDERITE; SILICICLASTIC DEPOSIT; TURBIDITE;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; FAROE BASIN; SHETLAND BASIN;

MICAS;

EID: 44649099508     PISSN: 02648172     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2007.07.012     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. AI-Aasm I.S., Taylor B.E., and South B. Stable isotope analysis of multiple carbonate samples using selective acid extraction. Chemical Geology 80 (1990) 119-125
2. Al-Ramadan K., Morad S., and Proust J.N. Distribution of diagenetic alterations within the sequence stratigraphic framework of shoreface siliciclastic deposits: evidence from Jurassic deposits of NE France. Journal of Sedimentary Research 75 (2005) 943-959
3. Bailey N.J.L., Walko P., and Sauer M.J. Geochemistry and source rock potential of the west of Shetlands. In: Brooks J., and Glennie K.W. (Eds). Petroleum Geology of North West Europe (1987), Graham and Trotman, London 711-721
4. Berner R.A. Authigenic mineral formation resulting from organic matter decomposition in modern sediments. Fortschritte der Mineralogie 59 (1981) 117-135
5. Bjørlykke K., and Aagaard P. Clay Minerals in North Sea Sandstones. In: Houseknecht D.W., and Pittman E.D. (Eds). Origin, Diagenesis, and Petrophysics of Clay Minerals in Sandstones vol. 47 (1992), SEPM Special Publication 65-80
6. Boldreel L.O., and Andersen M.S. Tertiary development of the Faeroe-Rockall based on reflection seismic data. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 41 2 (1994) 162-180
7. Boles J.R., and Johnson K.S. Influence of mica surfaces on pore-water pH. Chemical Geology 43 (1984) 303-317
8. Bottrell S.H., Parkes R.J., Cragg B.A., and Raiswell R. Isotopic evidence for deep anoxic pyrite oxidation and stimulation of bacterial sulphate reduction. Journal of the Geological Society 157 (2000) 711-714
9. Brooks, J.R.V., Stoker, S.J., Cameron, T.D.J., 2002. Hydrocarbon exploration opportunities in the twenty-first century in the United Kingdom. In: Downey, M.W., Threet, J.C., Morgan, W.A. (Eds.), Petroleum Provinces of the Twenty-first Century. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, vol. 74, pp. 167-199.
10. Canfield D.E., Raiswell R., Westrich J.T., Reaves C.M., and Berner R.A. The use of chromium reduction in the analysis of reduced and inorganic sulphur in sediments and shales. Chemical Geology 54 (1986) 149-155
11. 2 siderite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 52 (1988) 2445-2450
12. Carr AD., and Scotchman IC. Thermal history modelling in the southern Faroe-Shetland Basin. Petroleum Geoscience 9 4 (2003) 333-346
13. Carvalho M.V.F., De Ros L.F., and Gomes N.S. Carbonate cementation patterns and diagenetic reservoir facies in the Campos Basin Cretaceous turbidites, offshore eastern Brazil. Marine and Petroleum Geology 12 (1995) 741-758
14. Cerling T.E. The stable isotope composition of modern soil carbonate and its relationship to climate. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 71 (1984) 229-240
15. Clift, P.D., 1999. The thermal impact of Paleocene magmatic underplating in the Faeroe-Shetland-Rockall region. In: Fleet, A.J., Boldy, S.A.R. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe, Geological Society, London, pp. 533-544.
16. Curtis C.D., Coleman M.L., and Love L.G. Pore water evolution during sediment burial from isotopic and mineral chemistry of calcite, dolomite and siderite concretions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 50 (1986) 2321-2334
17. De Souza R.S., De Ros L.F., and Morad S. Dolomite diagenesis and porosity preservation in lithic reservoirs: Carmo' polis Member, Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, northeastern Brazil. Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 79 (1995) 725-748
18. Dixon S.A., Summers D.M., and Surdam R.C. Diagenesis and preservation of porosity in Norphlet Formation (Upper Jurassic), southern Alabama. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 73 (1989) 707-728
19. Doré A.G., Lundin E.R., Birkeland Ø., Eliassen P.E., and Jensen L.N. The NE Atlantic Margin: implications of late Mesozoic and Cenozoic events for hydrocarbon prospectivity. Petroleum Geoscience 3 (1997) 117-131
20. DTI, 2003. Petroleum prospectivity of the principal sedimentary basins on the United Kingdom Continental Shelf. Promote UK 2003. Department of Trade and Industry, London.
21. Dutton S.P., and Willis B.J. Comparison of outcrop and subsurface sandstone permeability distribution, lower Cretaceous Fall River formation, South Dakota and Wyoming. Journal of Sedimentary Research 68 (1998) 890-900
22. Ebdon C.C., Granger P.J., Johnson H.D., and Evans A.M. Early Tertiary evolution and sequence stratigraphy of the Faeroe-Shetland Basin: implications for hydrocarbon prospectivity. In: Scrutton R.A., Stoker M.S., Shimmield G.B., and Tudhope A.W. (Eds). The Tectonics, Sedimentation and Palaeoceanography of the North Atlantic Region vol. 90 (1995), Geological Society, Special Publications, London 51-69
23. Ehrenberg S.N. Assessing the relative importance of compaction processes and cementation to reduction of porosity in: sandstones discussion: compaction and porosity evolution of Pliocene sandstones, Ventura Basin, California: discussion. American Association of Petroleum Geologist Bulletin 73 (1989) 1274-1276
24. Ehrenberg S.N. Preservation of anomalously high porosity in deeply buried sandstones by grain-coating chlorite: examples from the Norwegian Continental Shelf. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin 77 (1993) 1260-1286
25. Ehrenberg S.N., and Nadeau P.H. Formation of diagenetic illite in sandstones of the Garn Formation, Haltenbanken area, mid-Norwegian continental shelf. Clay Minerals 24 (1989) 233-253
26. Ehrenberg S.N., Aagaard P., Wilson M.J., Fraser A.R., and Duthie D.M.L. Depth-dependent transformation of kaolinite to dickite in sandstones of the Norwegian continental shelf. Clay Minerals 28 (1993) 325-352
27. Fallick A.E., Jocelyn J., Donelly T., Guy M., and Behan C. Origin of agates in volcanic rocks from Scotland. Nature 313 (1985) 672-674
28. Fialips C.-I., Majzlan J., Beaufort D., and Navrotsky A. New thermochemical evidence on the stability of dickite vs. kaolinite. American Mineralogist 88 5-6 (2003) 837-845
29. Fisher R.S., and Land L.S. Diagenetic history of Eocene Wilcox Sandstones, south-central Texas. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 50 (1986) 551-561
30. Friedman, I., O'Neil, J.R., 1977. Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest. US Geological Survey Professional Paper 440-KK.
31. Froelich P.N., Klinkhammer G.P., Bender M.L., Luedtke N.A., Heath G.R., Cullen D., Dauphin P., Hammond D., Hartman B., and Maynard V. Early oxidation of organic matter in pelagic sediments of the eastern equatorial Atlantic: suboxic diagenesis. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 43 (1979) 1075-1090
32. Giles M.R., Stevenson S., Martin S., et al. The reservoir properties and diagenesis of the Brent Group: a regional perspective. In: Morten A.C., Haszeldine R.S., Giles M.R., and Brown S. (Eds). Geology of the Brent Group vol. 61 (1992) 289-327 (Special Publication)
33. Gjeldsvik, N., Bjørkum, P.A., 1984. The influence of mica on quartz during diagenesis: an example from the North Sea (abstract). In: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Clay Mineral Conference of Clay Mineralogical Society, Baton Rouge, LA.
34. Hayes M.J., and Boles J.R. Volumetric relations between dissolved plagioclase and kaolinite in sandstones: implications for aluminium mass transfer in the San Joaquin Basin vol. 47 (1992), SEPM Special Publications, CA pp. 111-124
35. Heald M.T. Stylolites in sandstones. Journal of Geology 63 (1955) 101-114
36. Houseknecht D.W. Intergranular pressure solution in four quartzose sandstones. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 58 (1988) 228-246
37. Irwin H., Curtis C., and Coleman M. Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments. Nature 269 (1977) 209-213
38. Johnson H.D., and Fisher M.J. North Sea plays: geological controls on hydrocarbon distribution. In: Glennie K.W. (Ed). Petroleum geology of the North Sea, basic concepts and recent advances. fourth ed (1998), Blackwell Science Limited, London 463-547
39. Ketzer J.M., Morad S., Evans R., and Al-Aasm I. Distribution of diagenetic alterations in fluvial, deltaic, and shallow marine sandstones within a sequence stratigraphic framework: evidence from the Mullaghmore Formation (carboniferous), NW Ireland. Journal of Sedimentary Research 72 (2002) 760-774
40. Ketzer J.M., Morad S., and Amorosi A. Predictive diagenetic clay-mineral distribution in siliciclastic rocks with a sequence striatigraphic framework. In: Worden R., and Morad S. (Eds). Clay Mineral Cements in Sandstones vol. 34 (2003), International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 43-61
41. Kharaka Y.K., Law L.M., Carothers W.W., and Goerlitz D.F. Role of organic species dissolved in formation waters from sedimentary basins in mineral diagenesis. In: Gautier D.L. (Ed). Roles of Organic Matter in Sediment Diagenesis vol. 38 (1986), Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 111-122
42. Lander R.H., and Walderhaug O. Porosity prediction through simulation of sandstone compaction and quartz cementation. AAPG Bulletin 83 (1999) 433-449
43. Lamers, E., Carmichael, S.M.M., 1999. The Paleocene deepwater sandstone play west of Shetland. In: Fleet, A.J., Boldy, S.A.R., (Eds.). Proceeedings of the Fifth Conference on Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe, Geological Society, London, pp. 645-659.
44. Longstaffe, F.J., 1984. The role of meteoric water in diagenesis of shallow sandstones; stable isotope studies of the Milk River aquifer and gas pool, southeastern Alberta. In: McDonald, D.A., Surdam, R.C., (Eds.), Clastic Diagenesis: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, vol. 37, pp. 81-98.
45. Lundegard P.D., and Land L.S. Carbon dioxide and organic acids: their role in porosity enhancement and cementation, Paleogene of the Texas Gulf Coast. In: Gautier D.L. (Ed). Roles of Organic Matter in sediment Diagenesis vol. 38 (1986), Society of Econonmic paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 129-146
46. Mátyás J., and Matter A. Diagenetic indicators of meteoric flow in the Pannonian Basin, southeastern Hungary. In: Montañez I.P., Gregg J.M., and Shelton K.L. (Eds). Basin-Wide Diagenetic Patterns: Integrated Petrologic, Geochemical, and Hydrologic Considerations vol. 57 (1997), Society for Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication, Tulsa, OK 281-296
47. McAulay G.E., Burley S.D., Fallick A.E., and Kusznir N.J. Palaeohydrodynamic fluid regimes during diagenesis of the Brent Group in the Hutton-NW Hutton reservoirs: constraints from oxygen isotope studies of authigenic kaolin and reverse flexural modelling. Clay Minerals 29 (1994) 609-626
48. McBride E.F. A classification of common sandstones. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 33 (1963) 664-669
49. Meisler H., Leahy P.P., and Knobel L.L. Effect of eustatic sea-level changes on saltwater-freshwater in the northern Atlantic coastal plain. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2255 (1984) 28
50. Milliken K.L. Petrography and composition of authigenic feldspars, Oligocene Frio Formation, South Texas. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 59 (1989) 361-374
51. Mitchell, S.M., Beamish, G.W.J., Wood, M.V., Malacek, S.J., Armentrout, J.A., Damuth, J.E., Olson, H.C., 1993. Paleogene sequence stratigraphic framework of the Faeroe Basin. In: Parker, J.R. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Petroleum Geology of North West Europe, Geological Society, London, pp. 1011-1023.
52. Morad S. Mica alteration reactions in Jurassic reservoir sandstones from the Haltenbanken area, offshore Norway. Clays and Clay Minerals 38 (1990) 584-590
53. Morad S. Carbonate cementation in sandstones: distribution patterns and geochemical evolution. In: Morad S. (Ed). Carbonate Cementation in Sandstones vol. 26 (1998), International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 1-26
54. Morad S., Bergen M., Knarud R., and Nystuen J.P. Albitization of detrital plagioclase in Triassic reservoir sandstones from the Snorre field, Norwegian North Sea. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 60 (1990) 411-425
55. Morad S., Ben Ismail H., De Ros L.F., Al-Aasm I.S., and Serrhini N.-E. Diagenesis and formation water chemistry of Triassic reservoir sandstones from southern Tunisia. Sedimentology 41 (1994) 1253-1272
56. Morad S., Ketzer J.M., and De Ros L.F. Spatial and temporal distribution of diagenetic alterations in siliciclastic rocks: implications for mass transfer in sedimentary basins. Sedimentology 47 (2000) 1-27
57. Morton, R.A., Garret, C.M., Posey, J.S., Han, J.H. and Jirik, L.A., 1981. Salinity variations and chemical compositions of waters in the Frio Formation, Texas Gulf Coast. The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology, Report to the Department of Energy Under Contract no. DE-AC08-79ET27111, 96pp.
58. Oelkers E.H., Bjørkum P.A., and Murphy W.M. The mechanism of porosity reduction, stylolite development and quartz cementation in North Sea sanstones. In: Kharaka Y.K., and Maest A.S. (Eds). Water-Rock Interaction 2 (1992), Balkema, Rotterdam 1183-1186
59. Parnell J., Carey P.F., and Duncan W. History of hydrocarbon charge on the Atlantic margin; evidence from fluid-inclusion studies, west of Shetland. Geology 26 (1998) 807-810
60. Plink-Björklund P., and Steel R. Initiation of turbidity currents: evidence for hyperpycnal flow turbidites in Eocene Central Basin of Spitsbergen. Sedimentary Geology 165 (2004) 29-52
61. Postma D. Pyrite and siderite formation in brackish and freshwaterswamp sediments. American Journal of Science 282 (1982) 1151-1183
62. Raiswell R. Pyrite texture, isotopic composition and the availability of iron. American Journal of Science 282 (1982) 1244-1263
63. Roberts, D.G., Thompson, M., Mitchener, B., Hossack, J., Carmichael, S., Bjørnseth, H.-M. 1999. Palaeozoic to Tertiary rift and basin dynamics: mid-Norway to the Bay of Biscay-a new context for hydrocarbon prospectivity in the deep water frontier. In: Fleet, A.J., Boldy, S.A.R., (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe, Geological Society, London, pp. 7-40.
64. Robinson B.S., and Kusakabe M. Quantitative preparation of sulfur dioxide, for 34S/32S analyses, from sulfides by combustion with cuprous oxide. Analytical Chemistry 47 (1975) 1179-1181
65. Rosenbaum J.M., and Sheppard S.M.F. An isotopic study of siderites, dolomites, and ankerites at high temperatures. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 50 (1986) 1147-1150
66. Saigal G.C., Morad S., Bjørlykke K., Egeberg P.K., and Aagaard P. Diagenetic albitization of detrital K-feldspar in Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous and Tertiary clastic reservoir rocks from offshore Norway, I. Textures and origin. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 58 (1988) 1003-1013
67. Scotchman, I.C., Griffith, C.E., Holmes, A.J., Jones, D.M., 1998. The Jurassic petroleum system north and west of Britain: a geochemical oil-source correlation study. In: Horsfield, B., Radke, M., Schaffer, R.G., Wilkes, H., (Eds.), 1998. Advances in Organic Geochemistry, 1997, vol. 29, Organic Geochemistry, pp. 671-700.
68. Shackleton N.J., and Kennett J.P. Paleotemperature history of the Cainozoic and the initiation of antarctic glaciation: oxygen and carbon analysis in DSDP sites 277, 279 and 281. In: Kennett J.P., and Houtz R. (Eds). Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project vol. 29 (1975), US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
69. Smallwood J.R., and Gill C.E. The rise and fall of the Faroe Shetland Basin: evidence from seismic mapping of the Balder Formation. Journal of the Geological Society, London 159 (2002) 627-630
70. Sørensen A.B. Cenozoic basin development and stratigraphy of the Faroes area. Petroleum Geoscience 9 (2003) 189-207
71. South D.L., and Talbot M.R. The sequence stratigraphic framework of carbonate diagenesis within transgressive fan-delta deposits: Sant Llorenç del Munt fan-delta complex, SE Ebro Basin, NE Spain. Sedimentary Geology 138 1-4 (2000) 179-198
72. Spencer, A. M., Eldholm, O., 1993. Atlantic margin exploration: Cretaceous-Tertiary evolution, basin development, and petroleum geology: introduction and review. In: Parker, J.R., (Ed.), Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Petroleum Geology of NW Europe, Geological Society, pp. 975-984.
73. Stonecipher, S.A., 2000. Applied sandstone diagenesis: practical petrographic solutions for a variety of common exploration, development and production problems. SEPM Short Course 50.
74. Sullivan, M., Coombes, T., Imbert, P., Ahamdach-Demars, C., 1999. Reservoir quality and petrophysical evaluation of Paleocene sandstones in the West of Shetland area. In: Fleet, A.J., Boldy, S.A.R. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe, Geological Society of London, pp. 627-633.
75. Surdam R.C., and Crossey L.J. Organic-inorganic reactions during progressive burial: key to porosity and permeability enhancement and preservation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, Series A. 315 (1985) 135-156
76. Surdam, R.C., Boese, S.W., Crossey, L.W., 1984. The chemistry of secondary porosity. In: McDonald, D.A., Surdam, R.C., (Eds.), Clastic Diagenesis: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Memoir, vol. 37, pp. 127-134.
77. Tada R., and Siever R. Pressure solution during diagenesis. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 17 (1989) 89-118
78. Taylor K.G., Gawthorpe R.L., and Van Wagoner J.C. Stratigraphic control on laterally persistent cementation, Book Cliff, Utah. Journal of Sedimenatry Research 69 (1995) 225-228
79. Thomson A. Pressure solution and porosity. In: Ireland H.A. (Ed). Silica in Sediments vol. 7 (1959), Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 92-110
80. Walderhaug O. Precipitation rates for quartz cement in sandstones determined by fluid-inclusion microthermometry and temperature-history modeling. Journal of Sedimentary Research 64 (1994) 324-333
81. Walter M.R. Stromatolites and the biostratigraphy of the Australian Precambrian and Cambrian. Special Papers in Palaeontology 11 (1972) 103-104
82. White, R.S., 1989. Initiation of the Iceland plume and opening of the North Atlantic. In: Tankard, A.J., Balkwill, H.R., (Eds.), Extensional Tectonics and Stratigraphy of the North Atlantic Margins, pp. 149-154.
83. White N., and Lovell B. Measuring the pulse of a plume with the sedimentary record. Nature 387 (1997) 888-891
84. Wilkinson M., and Haszeldine R.S. Aluminium loss during sandstone diagenesis. Journal of Geological Society London 153 (1996) 657-660
85. Wilkinson M., Milliken K.L., and Haszeldine R.S. Systematic destruction of K-feldspars in deeply buried rift and passive margin sandstones. Journal of the Geological Society 158 (2001) 675-683
86. Wilkinson, M., R.S., Haszeldine, Fallick, A.E., 2004a. Jurassic and cretaceous clays of the northern and central North Sea hydrocarbon reservoirs reviewed. In: Jeans, C.V., (Ed.), Clay Stratigraphy of the UK Mineralogical Society, vol. 39.
87. Wilkinson M., Haszeldine R.S., and Milliken K.L. Cross formational flux of aluminium and potassium in Gulf Coast sediment: framework. In: Worden R., and Morad S. (Eds). Clay Mineral Cements in Sandstones vol. 34 (2004), International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication 147-160
88. Wilson, M.D., and Stanton, P.T., 1994. Diagenetic mechanism of porosity and permeability reduction and enhancement. In: Wilson, M.D., (Ed.), Reservoir Quality Assessment and Prediction in Clastic Rocks. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Short Course, vol. 30, pp. 59-118.
89. Wilson A.M., Garvin G., and Boles J.R. Paleohydrology of the San Joaquin Basin, California. Geological Society of America Bulletin 111 (1999) 432-449
90. Worden, R.H. and Morad, S., 2003. Clay mineral cements in sandstones. In: Worden, R., Morad, S., (Eds.), Clay Mineral Cements in Sandstones. International Association of Sedimentologists Special Publication, vol. 34, pp. 34-509.
91. Wycherley H.L., Parnell J., Watt G.R., Chen H., and Boyce A.J. Indicators of hot fluid migration in sedimentary basins: evidence from the UK Atlantic Margin. Petroleum Geoscience 9 (2003) 357-374