Effects of written anger expression in chronic pain patients: Making meaning from pain

Journal of Behavioral Medicine

Volumn 31, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 201-212

  Graham, Jennifer E ^a   Lobel, Marci ^b   Glass, Peter ^c   Lokshina, Irina ^c  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Anger expression; Chronic pain; Control; Depression; Meaning making; Written emotional disclosure

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ANALGESIA; ANGER; ARTICLE; CHRONIC PAIN; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MOOD; WRITTEN LANGUAGE;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ADULT; AGED; ANGER; CHRONIC DISEASE; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PAIN; PAIN CLINICS; PAIN MEASUREMENT; PATIENT SATISFACTION; PERSONALITY INVENTORY; SELF DISCLOSURE; SICK ROLE; WRITING;

EID: 44449176977     PISSN: 01607715     EISSN: 15733521     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10865-008-9149-4     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Affleck, G., Tennen, H., Zautra, A., Urrows, S., Abeles, M., & Karoly, P. (2001). Women's pursuit of personal goals in daily life with fibromyalgia: A value-expectancy analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 587-596.
2. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
3. Brehm, J. W. (1999). The intensity of emotion. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3, 2-22.
4. Burns, J. W., Bruehl, S., & Quartana, P. J. (2006). Anger management style and hostility among patients with chronic pain: Effects of symptom-specific physiological reactivity during anger- and sadness- recall interviews. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68, 786-793.
5. Coyne, J. C. (1976). Toward an interactional description of depression. Psychiatry, 39, 28-40.
6. Davidson, K., MacGregor, M. W., Stuhr, J., Dixon, K., & MacLean, D. (2000). Constructive anger verbal behavior predicts blood pressure in a population-based sample. Health Psychology, 19, 55-64.
7. Deffenbacher, J. L., Oetting, E. R., & DiGiuseppe, R. A. (2002). Principles of empirically supported interventions applied to anger management. The Counseling Psychologist, 30, 262-280.
8. DeGood, D. E., & Tait, R. C. (2001). Assessment of pain beliefs, pain coping. In D. C. Turk & R. Melzack (Eds.), Handbook of pain assessment (pp. 320-345). New York: The Guilford Press.
9. Duckro, P. N., Chibnall, J. T., & Tomazic, T. J. (1994). Anger, depression, and disability: A path analysis of relationships in a sample of chronic posttraumatic headache patients. Headache, 35, 7-9.
10. Eggly, S., & Tzelepis, A. (2001). Relational control in difficult physician-patient encounters: Negotiating treatment for pain. Journal of Health Communication, 6, 323-333.
11. Feldman, S. I., Downey, G., & Schaffer-Neitz, R. (1999). Pain, negative mood, and perceived support in chronic pain patients: A daily diary study of people with reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67, 776-785.
12. Fernandez, E. (2002). Anxiety, depression, and anger in pain. Canada: The University of Toronto Press, Inc.
13. Fernandez, E., & Turk, D. C. (1995). The scope and significance of anger in the experience of chronic pain. Pain, 61, 165-175.
14. Flor, H., Fydrich, T., & Turk, D. C. (1992). Efficacy of multi-disciplinary pain treatment centers: A meta-analytic review. Pain, 49, 221-230.
15. Frattaroli, J. (2006). Experimental disclosure and its moderators: A meta-analysis. Psychology Bulletin, 132, 823-865.
16. Gatchel, R. J., & Turk, D. C. (1999). Interdisciplinary treatment of chronic pain patients. In R. J. Gatchel & D. C. Turk (Eds.), Psychosocial factors in pain (pp. 435-444). New York: The Guilford Press.
17. Geisser, M. E., Roth, R. S., & Robinson, M. E. (1997). Assessing depression among persons with chronic pain using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory: A comparative analysis. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 13, 163-170.
18. Hadjistavropoulos, H. D., MacLeod, F. K., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (1999). Validation of the chronic pain coping inventory. Pain, 80, 471-481.
19. Hamilton, N. A., Karoly, P., & Kitzman, H. (2004). Self-regulation and chronic pain: The role of emotion. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 28, 559-576.
20. Hanson, R. W., & Gerber, K. E. (1990). Coping with chronic pain: A guide to patient self-management. New York: The Guilford Press.
21. Helgeson, V. S., Reynolds, K. A., & Tomich, P. L. (2006). A meta-analytic review of benefit finding and growth. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 797-816.
22. Jack, D. C. (2001). Understanding women's anger: A description of relational patterns. Health Care for Women International, 22, 385-400.
23. Jensen, M. P., Karoly, P., & Huger, R. (1987). The development and preliminary validation of an instrument to assess patients' attitudes toward pain. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 31, 393-400.
24. Kelley, J. E., Lumley, M. A., & Leisen, J. C. C. (1997). Health effects of emotional disclosure in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Health Psychology, 16, 331-340.
25. Kerns, R. D., Rosenberg, R., & Jacob, M. C. (1994). Anger expression and chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 17, 57-67.
26. Kerns, R. D., Turk, D. C., & Rudy, T. E. (1985). The West-Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI). Pain, 23, 345-356.
27. Langens, T. A., & Schuler, J. (2007). Effects of written emotional expression: The role of positive expectancies. Health Psychology, 26, 174-182.
28. Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press.
29. Leventhal, H., Idler, E. L., & Leventhal, E. A. (1999). The impact of chronic illness on the self system. In R. J. Contrada & R. D. Ashmore (Eds.), Self, social identity, and physical health (pp. 185-208). New York: Oxford University Press.
30. Lewis, W. A., & Butcher, A. M. (1992). Anger, catharsis, the reformulated frustration-aggression hypothesis, and health consequences. Psychotheraphy, 29, 385-392.
31. MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002). A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psychological Methods, 7, 83-104.
32. McKnight, P. E., McKnight, K. M., Sidani, S., & Figueredo, A. J. (2007). Missing data: A gentle introduction. New York: The Guilford Press.
33. Morris, D. B. (1999). Sociocultural and religious meanings of pain. In R. J. Gatchel & D. C. Turk (Eds.), Psychosocial factors in pain (pp. 118-131). New York: The Guilford Press.
34. Okifuji, A., Turk, D. C., & Curran, S. L. (1999). Anger in chronic pain: Investigations of anger targets and intensity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 47, 1-12.
35. Park, C. L., & Blumberg, C. J. (2002). Disclosing trauma through writing: Testing the meaning-making hypothesis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26, 597-616.
36. Park, C. L., & Fenster, J. R. (2004). Stress-related growth: Predictors of occurrence and correlates with psychological adjustment. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23, 195-215.
37. Park, C. L., & Folkman, S. (1997). Meaning in the context of stress and coping. Review of General Psychology, 1, 115-144.
38. Pennebaker, J. W. (1997). Writing about emotional experience as a therapeutic process. Psychological Science, 8, 162-166.
39. Pennebaker, J. W., Mayne, T. J., & Francis, M. E. (1997). Linguistic predictors of adaptive bereavement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 863-871.
40. Pennebaker, J. W., & Seagal, J. D. (1999). Forming a story: The health benefits of narrative. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55, 1243-1254.
41. Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385-401.
42. Riley, J. L., Zawacki, T. M., Robinson, M. E., & Geisser, M. E. (1999). Empirical test of the factor structure of the West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 15, 24-30.
43. Robinson, M. E., & Riley, J. L. (1999). The role of emotion in pain. In R. J. Gatchel & D. C. Turk (Eds.), Psychosocial factors in pain (pp. 74-88). New York: The Guilford Press.
44. Rusting, C. L., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1998). Regulating responses to anger: Effects of rumination and distraction on angry mood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 790-803.
45. Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 1063-1078.
46. Schnoll, R. A., Rothman, R. L., Wielt, D. B., Lerman, C., Pedri, H., Wang, H., Babb, J., Miller, S. M., Movsas, B., Sherman, E., Ridge, J. A., Unger, M., Langer, C., Goldberg, M., Scott, W., & Cheng, J. (2005). A randomized pilot study of cognitive-behavioral therapy versus basic health education for smoking cessation among cancer patients. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 30, 1-11.
47. Seco, G. V., Izquierdo, M. C., Garcia, M. P. F., & Diez, F. J. H. (2006). A comparison of the Bootstrap-F, Improved General Approximation, and Brown-Forsythe multivariate approaches in a mixed repeated measures design. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66, 35-62.
48. Smyth, J. M. (1998). Written emotional expression: Effect sizes, outcome types, and moderating variables. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 174-184.
49. Smyth, J. M., Stone, A. A., Hurewitz, A., & Kaell, A. (1999). Effects of writing about stressful experiences on symptom reduction in patients with asthma or rheumatoid arthritis: A randomized trial. JAMA, 281, 1304-1309.
50. Smyth, J. M., True, N., & Souto, J. (2001). Effects of writing about traumatic experiences: The necessity for narrative structuring. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 20, 161-172.
51. Spera, S. P., Buhrfeind, E. D., & Pennebaker, J. W. (1994). Expressive writing and coping with job loss. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 722-733.
52. Spielberger, C. D. (1999). Professional manual for the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.
53. SPSS. (2005). Linear mixed effects modeling in SPSS: An introduction to the MIXED procedure.
54. Tait, R. C. (1999). Evaluation of treatment effectiveness in patients with intractable pain: Measures, methods. In R. J. Gatchel & D. C. Turk (Eds.), Psychosocial factors in pain (pp. 457-480). New York: The Guilford Press.
55. Tait, R., & Silver, R. C. (1989). Coming to terms with major negative life events. In J. S. Ulman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), Unintended thought (pp. 351-382). New York: Guilford Press.
56. Taylor, S. E. (1983). Adjustment to threatening events: A theory of cognitive adaptation. The American Psychologist, 38, 1161-1173.
57. Tennen, H., & Affleck, G. (1990). Blaming others for threatening events. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 209-232.
58. Thoresen, C. E., Harris, A. H. S., & Luskin, F. (2000). Forgiveness and health: An unanswered question. In M. E. McCullough, K. I. Pargament, & C. E. Thoresen (Eds.), Forgiveness: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 254-280). New York: Guilford Press.
59. Turk, D. C., & Flor, H. (1999). Chronic pain: A biobehavioral perspective. In R. J. Gatchel & D. C. Turk (Eds.), Psychosocial factors in pain (pp. 18-34). New York: The Guilford Press.
60. Turk, D. C., & Okifuji, A. (2002). Psychological factors in chronic pain: Evolution and revolution. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 678-690.
61. Zautra, A., Smith, B., Affleck, G., & Tennen, H. (2001). Examinations of chronic pain and affect relationships: Application of a dynamic model of affect. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 69, 786-795.