Human cremation in Mexico 3,000 years ago

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 105, Issue 14, 2008, Pages 5315-5320

  Duncan, William N ^a   Balkansky, Andrew K ^b   Crawford, Kimberly ^b   Lapham, Heather A ^b   Meissner, Nathan J ^b  

^a ST JOHN FISHER COLLEGE   (United States)

^b SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Archaeology; Bioarchaeology; Mesoamerica; Mixtec; Mortuary practices

Indexed keywords

ARCHEOLOGY; ETHNOLOGY; HUMAN; MEXICO; POSTHUMOUS CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SOCIAL STATUS;

ARCHAEOLOGY; FUNERAL RITES; HISTORY, ANCIENT; HUMANS; MEXICO; MORTUARY PRACTICE; SOCIAL CLASS;

EID: 44449174999     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: 10916490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0710696105     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Palerm A, Wolf ER (1957) Ecological potential and cultural development in Mesoamerica. Pan Am Union Social Sci Monograph 3:1-37.
2. Spores R (1969) Settlement, farming technology, and environment in the Nochixtlan Valley. Science 166:557-569.
3. Balkansky AK (1998) Origin and collapse of complex societies in Oaxaca (Mexico): Evaluating the era from 1965 to the Present. J World Prehistory 12:451-493.
4. Blomster J (2004) Etlatongo: Social Complexity, Interaction and Village Life in the Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca, Mexico (Wadsworth, Belmont, CA).
5. Flannery KV, Marcus J, eds (2003) The Cloud People: Divergent Evolution of the Zapotec and Mixtec Civilizations (Percheron Press, Clinton Corners, NY).
6. Drennan RD, Peterson CE (2006) Patterned variation in prehistoric chiefdoms. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:3960-3967.
7. Marcus J, Flannery KV (1996) Zapotec Civilization: How Urban Society Evolved in Mexico's Oaxaca Valley (Thames & Hudson, London).
8. Bellas M (1997) The body in the Mixtec codices: Birth, purification, transformation, and death. PhD dissertation (University of California, Riverside, CA).
9. Smith ME (1973) Picture Writing from Ancient Southern Mexico: Mixtec Place Signs and Maps (Univ of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK).
10. Spores R (1984) The Mixtecs in Ancient and Colonial Times (Univ of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK).
11. Nuttall Z (1975) The Codex Nuttall (Dover, New York).
12. Warren M, Schultz J (2002) Post-cremation taphonomy and artifact preservation. J Forensic Sci 47:656-659.
13. Umberger E (1987) Events commemorated by date plaques at the Templo Mayor: Further thoughts on the solar metaphor. The Aztec Templo Mayor, ed Boone EH (Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington DC), pp 411-449.
14. Ritchie W (1969) The Archaeology of New York State (Natural History Press, Garden City, NY).
15. Wright J (1966) The Ontario Iroquois Tradition, Anthropological Series 75 (National Museum of Canada Bulletin, 210, Ottawa).
16. Tozzer A (1941) Landa's Relación de las cosas de Yucatán (Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, Cambridge, MA), paper no. 18.
17. Ricketson O, Ricketson EB (1937) Uaxactún, Guatemala; Group E, 1926-1931 (Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC).
18. Balkansky AK (1998) Urbanism and early state formation in the Huamelulpan Valley of southern Mexico. Latin American Antiquity 9:37-67.
19. Balkansky AK, et al. (2000) Archaeological survey in the Mixteca Alta of Oaxaca, Mexico. J Field Archaeol 27:365-389.
20. Drennan, RD (1976) Fábrica San José and Middle Formative Society in the Valley of Oaxaca, Memoirs 8 (Museum of Anthropology, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI).
21. Flannery KV, Marcus J (1994) Early Formative Pottery in the Valley of Oaxaca, Mexico, Memoirs 27 (Museum of Anthropology, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI).
22. Spores R (1972) An Archaeological Settlement Survey of the Nochixtlán Valley, Oaxaca, Publications in Anthropology No. 1 (Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN).
23. Coe M, Diehl R (1980) In the Land of the Olmec (Univ of Texas Press, Austin, TX), Vol 1.
24. Flannery KV, Marcus J (2000) Formative Mexican chiefdoms and the myth of the "Mother Culture." J Anthropol Archaeol 19:1-37.
25. Sharer RJ, Grove DC, eds (1989) Regional Perspectives on the Olmec (Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge, UK).
26. Flannery KV, Marcus J (2005) Excavations at San José Mogote 1: The Household Archaeology, Memoirs 40 (Museum of Anthropology, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI).
27. Marcus J (1998) Women's Ritual in Formative Oaxaca: Figurine-Making, Divination, Death and the Ancestors, Memoirs 33 (Museum of Anthropology, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI).
28. Buikstra J, Ubelaker D, eds (1994) Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains (Arkansas Archaeological Survey Research Series, Fayetteville, AR).
29. MacNeish R (1962) Second Annual Report of the Tehuacán Archaeological-Botanical Project (Robert S. Peabody Foundation for Archaeology, Phillips Academy, Andover, MA).
30. Turner CG, Turner JA (1999) Man Corn: Cannibalism and Violence in the Prehistoric American Southwest (Utah Univ Press, Salt Lake City, UT).
31. Ruz Lhuillier A (1968) Costumbres funerarias de los Antiguos Mayas. (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México).
32. Welsh W (1988) An Analysis of Classic Lowland Maya Burials, International Series 409 (British Archaeological Reports, Oxford, UK).
33. Grove D (1970) The San Pablo pantheon mound: A Middle Preclassic site in Morelos, Mexico. Am Antiquity 35(1):62-73.
34. Carot P, Susini A (1989) Una práctica funeraria insólita en el Occidente: La cremación y pulverización de osamentas humanas. Trace 16:112-114.
35. Duncan W (2005) Understanding veneration and violation in the archaeological record. Interacting with the Dead: Perspectives on Mortuary Archaeology for the New Millennium, eds Rakita GFM, Buikstra JE, Beck LA, Williams SR (Univ of Florida Press, Gainesville, FL) pp 207-227.
36. Balkansky AK, Pérez Rodríguez V, Kowalewski SA (2004) Monte Negro and the Urban Revolution in Oaxaca, Mexico. Latin American Antiquity 15:33-60.
37. Sugiyama S (1995) Mass Human Sacrifice and Symbolism of the Feathered Serpent Pyramid in Teotihuacan, Mexico. PhD dissertation (Department of Anthropology, Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ).
38. Marcus J (1999) Men's and women's ritual in Formative Oaxaca. Social Patterns in Pre-Classic Mesoamerica, eds Grove DG, Joyce RA (Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, DC), pp 67-96.
39. McAnany P, Storey R, Lockard AK (1999) Mortuary ritual and family politics at Formative and Early Classic K'axob, Belize. Ancient Mesoamerica 10:12-146.
40. McAnany P (1998) Ancestors and the Classic Maya built environment. Function and Meaning in Classic Maya Architecture, ed Houston SD (Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, DC), pp 271-298.
41. Marcus J, Flannery KV (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:18257-18261.
42. Spores R (2003) The origin and evolution of the Mixtec system of social statification. The Cloud People: Divergent Evolution of the Zapotec and Mixtec Civilizations, eds Flannery KV, Marcus J (Percheron Press, Clinton Corners, NY), pp 227-238.