Characterization of preform permeability in the presence of race tracking

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Volumn 35, Issue 12, 2004, Pages 1393-1405

  Lawrence, Jeffrey M ^a   Barr, John ^a   Karmakar, Rajat ^a   Advani, Suresh G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE   (United States)

Author keywords

E. Resin transfer molding (RTM); Mold filing simulations

Indexed keywords

ANISOTROPY; COMPUTER SIMULATION; IMPREGNATION; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; POROSITY; RESIN TRANSFER MOLDING; STIFFNESS; VELOCITY MEASUREMENT;

FLOW RATES; MOLD FILLING SIMULATION; RACE TRACKING; RESIN FLOW;

RESINS;

EID: 4444328765     PISSN: 1359835X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.05.002     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Advani SG, Sozer M. Process modeling in composite manufacturing. NY: Marcel Dekker; 2002.
2. Rigas EJ, Walsh SM, Spurgeon WA. Development of a novel processing technique for Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM). Int SAMPE Symp Exhibition (Proc) 2001;46 I:1086-94.
3. Advani SG, Bruschke MV, Parnas R. Resin transfer molding. In: Advani SG, editor. Flow and rheology in polymeric composites manufacturing. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1994, p. 465-516 [chapter 12].
4. Rudd CD, Rice EV, Bulmer LJ, Long AC. Process modelling and design for resin transfer moulding. Plast Rubber Compos Process Appl 1993;20(2):67-76.
5. Trochu F, Gauvin R, Gao DM, Boudreault J-F. RTMFLOT - an integrated software environment for the computer simulation of the resin transfer molding process. J Reinf Plast Compos 1994;13(3): 262-70.
6. Fracchia CA, Castro J, Tucker III CL. A finite element/control volume simulation of resin transfer mold filling Proceedings of the American Society for Composites Fourth Annual Technical Conference 1995.
7. Lin RJ, Lee LJ, Liou MJ. Mold filling and curing analysis liquid composite molding. Polym Compos 1993;14(1):71-81.
8. Dimitrovová Z, Faria L. Finite element modeling of the resin transfer molding process based on homogenization techniques. Comput Struct 2000;76(1-3):379-97.
9. Luo J, Liang Z, Zhang C, Wang B. Optimum tooling design for resin transfer molding with virtual manufacturing and artificial intelligence. Composites. Part A: Appl Sci Manufact 2001;32(6):877-88.
10. Simacek P, Advani SG. Desirable features in mold filling simulations for liquid composite molding processes. Polym Compos 2004 in press.
11. Bickerton S, Simacek P, Guglielmi S, Advani SG. Investigation of draping and its effects on the mold filling process during manufacturing of a compound curved composite Part. Composites Part A 1997;28A:801-16.
12. Bruschke M, Advani SG. A finite element/control volume approach to mold filling in anisotropic porous media. Polym Compos 1990;11:398-405.
13. Simacek P, Advani SG. Permeability model for a woven fabric. Polym Compos 1996;17:887-99.
14. Nagelhout D, Heinrich JC, Bhat MS, Poirier DR. Permeability for flow normal to a sparse array of fibres. Mater Sci Eng A 1995; 191(1/2):203-8.
15. Bruschke MV, Advani SG. Flow of generalized Newtonian fluids across a periodic array of cylinders. J Rheol 1993;37;479-98.
16. Scheidegger AE. Physics of flow through porous media, 3rd ed. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press; 1974.
17. Gebart BR. Permeability of unidirectional reinforcements for RTM. J Compos Mater 1992;26(8):1100-33.
18. Papathanasiou TD. On the effective permeability of square arrays of permeable fiber tows. Int J Multiphase Flow 1997;23(1):81-92.
19. Lundström TS, Stenberg R, Bergström R, Partanen H, Birkeland PA. In-plane permeability measurements: a nordic round-robin study. Composites Part A: Appl Sci Manufact 2000;31(1):29-43.
20. Luo Y, Verpoest I, Hoes K, Vanheule M, Sol H, Cardon A. Permeability measurement of textile reinforcements with several test fluids. Composites Part A: Appl Sci Manufact 2001; 32(10):1497-504.
21. Hoes K, Dinescu D, Sol H, Vanheule M, Parnas RS, Luo Y, Verpoest I. New set-up for measurement of permeability properties of fibrous reinforcements for RTM. Composites Pan A: Appl Sci Manufact 2002;33(7):959-69.
22. Nedanov PB, Advani SG. A method to determine 3D permeability of fibrous reinforcements. J Compos Mater 2002;36(2):241-54.
23. Amico S, Lekakou C. An experimental study of the permeability and capillary pressure in resin-transfer moulding. Compos Sci Technol 2001;61(13):1945-59.
24. Estrada G, Advani SG. Experimental characterization of the influence of tackifier material on preform permeability. J Compos Mater 2002; 36(19):2297-310.
25. Ma Y, Shishoo R. Permeability characterization of different architectural fabrics. J Compos Mater 1999;33(8):729-50.
26. Carpenter G, Leek R, Donnellan T, Rubel A. Simulation of resin transfer molding for a cubic shell geometry, American Society of Mechanical Engineers Heat Transfer Division, HTD, v 261, Heat and Mass Transfers in Materials Processing and Manufacturing 1993 p. 133-45.
27. James WT, Wu CH, James LL. In-plane permeability measurement and analysis in liquid composite molding. Polym Compos 1994; 15(4):278-88.
28. Bickerton S, Advani SG. Characterization and modeling of racetracking in liquid composite molding processes. Compos Sci Technol 1999;59(15):2215-29.
29. Lawrence JM, Hsiao K-T, Don RC, Simacek P, Estrada G, Sozer EM, Stadtfeld HC, Advani SG. An approach to couple mold design and on-line control to manufactur complex composite parts by resin transfer molding. Composites part A: Appl Sci Manufact 2002; 33(7):981-90.
30. Han K, Wu CH, Lee JL. Characterization and simulation of resin transfer molding - race tracking and dry spot formation. In: Proceedings of Ninth Annual ASM-ESD Advanced Composite Conference, Michigan; 1993.
31. Gokce A, Hsiao K-T, Advani SG. Branch and bound search to optimize injection gate locations in liquid composite molding processes. Composites Part A: Appl Sci Manufact 2002;33(9):1263-72.
32. Kueh SRM, Advani SG, Parnas RS. Sensor placement study for online flow monitoring in liquid composite molding. Polym Compos 2000; 21:436-49.
33. Hsiao KT, Don RC, Estrada GA, Advani SG. Use of simulations, sensors and control methodologies to manipulate flow in liquid composites molding processes Aerospace Congress and Exhibition, Seattle, WA, USA 2001.
34. Gokce A, Hsiao K-T, Advani S. A method to find optimal auxiliary injection gate locations for successful mold filling in RTM. Proceedings of the 46th International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition, 46 2001:46.
35. Mathur R, Advani SG, Fink BK. Use of genetic algorithms to optimize gate and vent locations for the resin transfer molding process. Polym Compos 1999;20(2).
36. Sozer EM, Bickerton S, Advani SG. On-line strategic control of liquid composite mold filling process. Composites Part A: Appl Sci Manufact 2000;31:1383-94.
37. Nedanov PB, Advani SG. A method to determine 3D permeability of fibrous reinforcements. J Compos Mater 2002;36(2):241-54.
38. Ozisik MN. Heat conduction, 2nd ed. NY: Wiley; 1993.
39. Chan AW, Hwang S. Anisotropic in-plane permeability of fabric media. Polym Eng Sci 1991;31(16):1233-9.
40. Gokce A, Advani SG. Combinatorial search to optimize vent locations in the presence of disturbances in liquid composite molding. Mater Manufact Processes 2003:18(2):261-80.
41. Simacek P, Advani SG. The implications of fiber compaction and saturation on fully coupled VARTM simulation. Composites Part A: Appl Sci Manufact 2004;35(2):159-69.