Quality of mass-produced lead tungstate crystals

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

Volumn 51, Issue 4 I, 2004, Pages 1777-1783

  Mao, Rihua ^a   Zhang, Liyuan ^a   Zhu, Ren Yuan ^a  

^a CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

Crystal; Emission; Lead tungstate; Light output; Radiation damage; Scintillator; Transmission

Indexed keywords

EMISSION SPECTRA; LIGHT OUTPUT; LIGHT RESPONSE UNIFORMITY;

ANNEALING; HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS; LEAD COMPOUNDS; LIGHT ABSORPTION; LIGHT TRANSMISSION; RADIATION EFFECTS;

PHOSPHORS;

EID: 4444311196     PISSN: 00189499     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2004.832561     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (12)

1. X. D. Qu, L. Y. Zhang, R. Y. Zhu, J. Y. Liao, D. Z. Shen, and Z. W. Yin, "A study on yttrium doping in lead tungstate crystals," Nucl. Instrum. Methods, vol. A480, pp. 470-487, 2002.
2. E. Auffray, F. Cavallari, P. Lecoq, P. Sempere, and M. Schneegans, "Status of the PWO crystal production from Russia for CMS-ECAL," Nucl. Instrum. Methods, vol. A486, pp. 111-115, 2002.
3. A. Gasparian, "Performance of PWO crystal detectors for a high resolution hybrid electromagnetic calorimeter at Jefferson lab," in Proc. 10th Int. Conf. Calorimetry in Particle Physics, R. Y. Zhu, Ed., 2002, pp. 208-214.
4. R. Y. Zhu. (2003, Dec.) A study on type III samples. [Online] Available: http://www.hep.caltech.edu/zhu/ryz_031 209_pwo.pdf
5. R. Y. Zhu, D. A. Ma, H. B. Newman, C. L. Woody, J. A. Kierstead, and S. B. Paul, "A study on properties of lead tungstate crystals," Nucl. Instrum. Methods, vol. A376, pp. 319-334, 1996.
6. R. Y. Zhu, Q. Deng, H. Newman, C. L. Woody, J. A. Kierstead, and S. B. Paul, "A study on radiation hardness of lead tungstate crystals," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 45, pp. 686-691, June 1998.
7. R. Y. Zhu, "Radiation damage in scintillating crystals," Nucl. Instrum. Methods, vol. A413, pp. 297-311, 1998.
8. G. F. Bakhshieva and A. M. Morozov, "Refractive-indexes of molybdate and tungstate single-crystals having scheelite structure," Sov. J. Opt. Technol., vol. 44, no. 9, pp. 542-543, 1977.
9. 4) crystal," Nucl. Instrum. Methods, vol. A385, pp. 209-214, 1997.
10. X. D. Qu, L. Y. Zhang, and R. Y. Zhu, "Radiation induced color centers and light monitoring for lead tungstate crystals," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 47, pp. 1741-1747, Dec. 2000.
11. L. Y. Zhang, K. J. Zhu, R. Y. Zhu, and D. T. Liu, "Monitoring light source for CMS lead tungstate crystal calorimeter at LHC," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 48, pp. 372-378, June 2001.
12. F. Gianotti, M. L. Mangano, T. Virdee, S. Abdullin, G. Azuelos, and A. Ball et al., Physics Potential and Experimental Challenges of the LHC Luminosity Upgrade, hep-ph/0204087.