Birth and evolution of the football helmet

Neurosurgery

Volumn 55, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 656-661

  Levy, Michael L ^a,c   Ozgur, Burak M ^a   Berry, Cherisse ^b   Aryan, Henry E ^a   Apuzzo, Michael L J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomechanics; Football; Head injury; Helmet; Sports injury prevention

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; BIOMECHANICS; FOOTBALL; HEAD INJURY; HELMET; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INJURY SCALE; MATERIALS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SPORT INJURY; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TECHNIQUE;

ATHLETIC INJURIES; BRAIN CONCUSSION; FOOTBALL; HEAD PROTECTIVE DEVICES; HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; SPORTS EQUIPMENT; UNITED STATES;

EID: 4444249203     PISSN: 0148396X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000134599.01917.AA     Document Type: Review

References (11)

1. Bennett T (ed): The NFL's Official Encyclopedic History of Professional Football. New York, Macmillan, 1977, ed 2.
2. Bishop PJ, Norman RW, Kozey JW: An evaluation of football helmets under impact conditions. Am J Sports Med 12:233-236, 1984.
3. Clarke K: An epidemiological view of the problem, in Torg JS (ed): Athletic Injuries to the Head, Neck, and Face. Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1982.
4. Clarke K, Powell J: Football helmets and neurotrauma: An epidemiological overview of three seasons. Med Sci Sports 11:138-145, 1979.
5. Hodgson V: National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment football helmet certification program. Med Sci Sports 7:225-232, 1975.
6. Llanos J, Pascoe D: The physiological strain and heat storage related to football helmets. Med Sci Sports Exerc 33:S223-S227, 2001.
7. Myers T, Yoganadan N, Sances A Jr, Pintar F, Reinartz J, Battocletti J: Energy absorption characteristics of football helmets under low and high rates of loading. Biomed Mater Eng 3:15-24, 1993.
8. National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment: Standard Drop Test Method and Equipment Used in Evaluating the Performance Characteristics of Protective Headgear (NOCSAE Doc (ND) 001-04m04). Shawnee Mission, 2004.
9. Schneider RC: Football head and neck injury. Surg Neurol 27:507-508, 1987.
10. Thompson N, Halpern B, Curl W, Andrews J, Hunter S, Boring J: High school football injuries: Evaluation. Am J Sports Med 15:117-124, 1987.
11. Torg JS, Quedenfeld T, Burstein A, Spealman A, Nichols CI: The National Football Head and Neck Injury Registry: Report on cervical quadriplegia, 1971-1975. Am J Sports Med 7:127-132, 1979.