Washout kinetics of inhaled hydrogen cyanide in breath

Toxicology Letters

Volumn 179, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 59-62

  Stamyr, Kristin ^a   Nord, Pierre ^a   Johanson, Gunnar ^a  

^a KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Half life; Human; Hydrogen cyanide; Toxicokinetics; Washin washout effect

Indexed keywords

HYDROGEN CYANIDE;

ARTICLE; BREATH ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EXPIRED AIR; FATALITY; FEMALE; HALF LIFE TIME; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INTOXICATION; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ADULT; BREATH TESTS; CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; FEMALE; HALF-LIFE; HUMANS; HYDROGEN CYANIDE; INHALATION EXPOSURE; MALE; METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE; MIDDLE AGED; POISONING;

EID: 43849089739     PISSN: 03784274     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.04.003     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Alarie Y. Toxicity of fire smoke. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 32 (2002) 259-289
2. Barillo D.J., Rush Jr. B.F., Goode R., Lin R.L., Freda A., and Anderson Jr. E.J. Is ethanol the unknown toxin in smoke inhalation injury?. Am. Surg. 52 (1986) 641-645
3. Baud F.J. Cyanide: critical issues in diagnosis and treatment. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 26 (2007) 191-201
4. Bhattacharya R., and Vijayaraghavan R. Promising role of alpha-ketoglutarate in protecting against the lethal effects of cyanide. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 21 (2002) 297-303
5. Edwards T.J., Maurer G., Newman J., and Prausnitz J.M. Vapor-liquid-equilibria in multicomponent aqueous-solutions of volatile weak electrolytes. AIChE J. 24 (1978) 966-976
6. Erlandsson, U., 2007. Dödsbränder 2006, Report no: I 99-149 Räddningsverket, Avdelningen för olycksförebyggande arbete, Karlstad.
7. Hall A.H., Dart R., and Bogdan G. Sodium thiosulfate or hydroxocobalamin for the empiric treatment of cyanide poisoning?. Ann. Emerg. Med. 49 (2007) 806-813
8. Holland M.A., and Kozlowski L.M. Clinical features and management of cyanide poisoning. Clin. Pharm. 5 (1986) 737-741
9. Johanson G. Modelling of respiratory exchange of polar solvents. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 35 (1991) 323-339
10. Karter, Jr., M.J., 2007. Fire loss in the United States during 2006, Report no: 9/07. Fire Analysis and Research Division National Fire Protection Association.
11. Lundquist P., Rosling H., and Sörbo B. The origin of hydrogen cyanide in breath. Arch. Toxicol. 61 (1988) 270-274
12. Moriya F., and Hashimoto Y. Potential for error when assessing blood cyanide concentrations in fire victims. J. Forensic Sci. 46 (2001) 1421-1425
13. Moriya F., and Hashimoto Y. Chemical factors affecting the interpretation of blood cyanide concentrations in fire victims. Leg. Med. (Tokyo) 1 Suppl. 5 (2003) S113-117
14. Musshoff F., Schmidt P., Daldrup T., and Madea B. Cyanide fatalities: case studies of four suicides and one homicide. Am. J. Forensic Med. Pathol. 23 (2002) 315-320
15. Mörk A.K., and Johanson G. A human physiological model describing acetone kinetics in blood and breath during various levels of physical exercise. Toxicol. Lett. 164 (2006) 6-15
16. Purser D.A. Toxic product yields and hazard assessment for fully enclosed design fires. Polym. Int. 49 (2000) 1232-1255
17. Roemer E., Stabbert R., Rustemeier K., Veltel D.J., Meisgen T.J., Reininghaus W., Carchman R.A., Gaworski C.L., and Podraza K.F. Chemical composition, cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of smoke from US commercial and reference cigarettes smoked under two sets of machine smoking conditions. Toxicology 195 (2004) 31-52
18. Schulz V. Clinical pharmacokinetics of nitroprusside, cyanide, thiosulphate and thiocyanate. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 9 (1984) 239-251
19. Simonson, M., Emanuelsson, V., Touvinen, H., 2001. Formation of hydrogen cyanide in fires: a literature and experimental investigation: BRANDFORSK project 510-991. Sveriges provnings och forskningsinstitut (SP), Borås
20. Španěl P., Dryahina K., and Smith D. Acetone, ammonia and hydrogen cyanide in exhaled breath of several volunteers aged 4-83 years. J. Breath Res. 1 (2007) L1-L4
21. Španěl P., Dryahina K., and Smith D. The concentration distributions of some metabolites in the exhaled breath of young adults. J. Breath Res. 1 (2007) 1-8
22. USFA (U.S. Fire Administration), 2007. National Fire Statistics. October 19, 2007 (cited January 14, 2008) (available from: http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/statistics/national/index.shtm).
23. Vesey C.J., Cole P.V., and Simpson P.J. Cyanide and thiocyanate concentrations following sodium nitroprusside infusion in man. Br. J. Anaesth. 48 (1976) 651-660