Post-traumatic stress disorder in serious accidental injury: 3-Year follow-up study

British Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 192, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 376-383

  Hepp, Urs ^a,b   Moergeli, Hanspeter ^b   Buchi, Stefan ^b   Bruchhaus Steinert, Helke ^c   Kraemer, Bernd ^b   Sensky, Tom ^d   Schnyder, Ulrich ^b  

^a Psychiatrische Dienste Aargau AG   (Switzerland)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

^c Institute for Ecological Systemic Therapy   (Switzerland)

^d IMPERIAL COLLEGE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; INTERVIEW; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSIS; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; RISK FACTOR; SYMPTOM;

ACCIDENTS; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; MIDDLE AGED; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; SWITZERLAND; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 43749114054     PISSN: 00071250     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.030569     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn) (DSM-III). APA, 1980.
2. Breslau N, Davis GC. Posttraumatic stress disorder: the etiologic specificity of wartime stressors. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 144: 578-83.
3. Lee KA, Vaillant GE, Torrey WC, Elder GH. A 50-year prospective study of the psychological sequelae of World war II combat. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 516-22.
4. Shore JH, Vollmer WM, Tatum EL. Community patterns of posttraumatic stress disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis 1989; 177: 681-5.
5. Bisson JI, Shepherd JP. Psychological reactions of victims of violent crime. Br J Psychiatry 1995; 167: 718-20.
6. Bownes IT, O'Gorman EC, Sayers A. Assault characteristics and posttraumatic stress disorder in rape victims. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991; 83: 27-30.
7. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th edn) (DSM-IV). APA, 1994.
8. Blanchard EB, Hickling EJ, Taylor AE, Loos W. Psychiatric morbidity associated with motor vehicle accidents. J Nerv Ment Dis 1995; 183: 495-504.
9. Fuglsang AK, Moergeli H, Hepp-Beg S, Schnyder U. Who develops acute stress disorder after accidental injuries? Psychother Psychosom 2002; 71: 214-22.
10. Koren D, Arnon I, Klein E. Acute stress response and posttraumatic stress disorder in traffic accident victims: a one-year prospective, follow-up study. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156: 367-73.
11. Shalev AY, Freedman S, Peri T, Brandes D, Sahar T, Orr SP, Pitman RK. Prospective study of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression following trauma. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 630-7.
12. Kessler RC, Sonnega A, Bromet E, Hughes M, Nelson CB. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen psychiatry 1995; 52: 1048-60.
13. Malt U. The long-term psychiatric consequences of accidental injury. A longitudinal study of 107 adults. Br J Psychiatry 1988; 153: 810-18.
14. Mayou R, Tyndel S, Bryant B. Long-term outcome of motor vehicle accident injury. Psychosom Med 1997; 59: 578-84.
15. Mayou RA, Ehlers A, Bryant B. Posttraumatic stress disorder after motor vehicle accidents: 3-year follow-up of a prospective longitudinal study. Behav Res Ther 2002; 40: 665-75.
16. Zlotnick C, Franklin CL, Zimmerman M. Does 'subthreshold' posttraumatic stress disorder have any clinical relevance? Compr Psychiatry 2002; 43: 413-9.
17. Horowitz M, Wilner N, Alvarez W. Impact of Event Scale: a measure of subjective stress. Psychosom Med 1979; 41: 209-18.
18. Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, Klauminzer G, Charney DS, Keane TM. A clinical rating scale for assessing current and lifetime PTSD: the CAPS-1. Behav Ther 1990; 8: 187-8.
19. Baker SP, O'Neill B. The injury severity score: an update. J Trauma 1976; 16: 882-5.
20. Teasdale G, Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 1974; 2: 81-4.
21. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn, revised) (DSM-III-R). APA, 1987.
22. Stein MB, Walker JR, Hazen AL, Forde DR. Full and partial posttraumatic stress disorder: findings from a community survey. Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154: 1114-9.
23. Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, Gusman FD, Charney DS, Keane TM. The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. J Trauma Stress 1995; 8: 75-90.
24. Schnyder U, Moergeli H. German version of Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. J Trauma Stress 2002; 15: 487-92.
25. Derogatis LR. SCL-90-R: Administration, Scoring and Procedure Manual-II for the Revised Version. Clinical Psychometric Research, 1986.
26. Franke G. SCL-90-R. Die Symptomcheckliste von Derogatis - Deutsche Version - Manual. Beltz, 1995.
27. Berkman LF, Syme SL. Social networks, host resistance, and mortality: a nine-year follow-up study of Alameda County residents. Am J Epidemiol 1979; 109: 186-204.
28. Schaefer C, Coyne JC, Lazarus RS. The health-related functions of social support. J Behav Med 1981; 4: 381-406.
29. Siegrist J, Dittmann KH. Inventar zur Erfassung lebensverändernder Ereignisse (ILE). In ZUMA - Handbuch sozialwissenschaftlicher Skalen. Informationszentrum Sozialwissenschaften, 1983 [Inventory for determining life-changing events (ILE). In ZUMA - Handbook of Social Science Scales. information Centre of Social Sciences, 1983].
30. Egle UT, Hoffmann SO, Steffens M. Psychosocial risk and protective factors in childhood and adolescence as predisposition for psychiatric disorders in adulthood. Current status of research [in German]. Nervenarzt 1997; 68: 683-95.
31. Antonovsky A. Unraveling the Mystery of Health: How People Manage Stress and Stay Well. Jossey-Bass, 1987.
32. Antonovsky A. The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale. Soc Sci Med 1993; 36: 725-33.
33. Muthny FA. Freiburger Fragebogen zur Krankheitsverarbeitung: Manual. Beltz, 1989 [The Freiburg Questionnaire of Coping with Illness Manual].
34. Hardt J, Petrak F, Egle UT, Kappis B, Schulz G, Küstner E. Was misst der FKV? Eine Überprüfung des Freiburger Fragebogens zur Krankheitsverarbeitung bei Patienten mit unterschiedlichen Erkrankungen [What does the Freiburg Questionnaire of Coping with Illness measure? Evaluation of the Freiburg Questionnaire of Coping with illness in patients with different diseases]. Z Klin Psychol Psychother 2003; 32: 41-50.
35. Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1983; 67: 361-70.
36. Herrmann C. International experiences with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - a review of validation data and clinical results. J Psychosom Res 1997; 42: 17-41.
37. Schnyder U, Moergeli H, Klaghofer R, Buddeberg C. Incidence and prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in severely injured accident victims. Am J Psychiatry 2001; 158: 594-9.
38. Brewin CR, Andrews B, valentine JD. Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults. J Consult Clin Psychol 2000; 68: 748-66.
39. Hepp U, Moergeli H, Buchi S, Wittmann L, Schnyder U. Coping with serious accidental injury: a one-year follow-up study. Psychother Psychosom 2005; 74: 379-86.
40. O'Donnell ML, Creamer M, Bryant RA, Schnyder U, Shalev A. Posttraumatic disorders following injury: an empirical and methodological review. Clin Psychol Rev 2003; 23: 587-603.
41. Frommberger UH, Stieglitz RD, Nyberg E, Schlickewei W, Kuner E, Berger M. Prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder by immediate reactions to trauma: a prospective study in road traffic accident victims. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1998; 248: 316-21.
42. Heizer JE, Robins LN, McEvoy L. Post-traumatic stress disorder in the general population. Findings of the epidemiologic catchment area survey. N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 1630-4.
43. Davidson JR, Hughes D, Blazer DG, George LK. Post-traumatic stress disorder in the community: an epidemiological study. Psychol Med 1991; 21: 713-21.
44. Galea S, Nandi A, Vlahov D. The epidemiology of post-traumatic stress disorder after disasters. Epidemiol Rev 2005; 27: 78-91.
45. Harvey AG, Bryant RA. Two-year prospective evaluation of the relationship between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder following mild traumatic brain injury. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157: 626-8.
46. O'Donnell ML, Creamer M, Pattison P. Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression following trauma: understanding comorbidity. Am J Psychiatry 2004; 161: 1390-6.
47. Ursano RJ, Fullerton CS, Epstein RS, Crowley B, Kao TC, Vance K, Craig KJ, Dougall AL, Baum A. Acute and chronic posttraumatic stress disorder in motor vehicle accident victims. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156: 589-95.
48. Ehlers A, Mayou RA, Bryant B. Psychological predictors of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder after motor vehicle accidents. J Abnorm Psychol 1998; 107: 508-19.
49. Schnyder U, Wittmann L, Friedrich-Perez J, Hepp U, Moergeli H. PTSD following accidental injury: rule or exception in Switzerland? Psychother Psychosom 2008; 77: 111-8.
50. Mayou R, Bryant B. Outcome 3 years after a road traffic accident. Psychol Med 2002; 32: 671-5.
51. Schutzwohl M, Maercker A. Effects of varying diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder are endorsing the concept of partial PTSD. J Trauma Stress 1999; 12: 155-65.
52. Bryant RA, Harvey AG. Relationship between acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder following mild traumatic brain injury. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 625-9.
53. Hepp U, Gamma A, Milos G, Eich D, Ajdacic-Gross V, Rossler W, Angst J, Schnyder U. Prevalence of exposure to potentially traumatic events and PTSD: the Zurich Cohort Study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2006; 256: 151-8.
54. Kessler RC, Berglund PA, Bruce ML, Koch JR, Laska EM, Leaf PJ, Manderscheid RW, Rosenheck RA, Walters EE, Wang PS. The prevalence and correlates of untreated serious mental illness. Health Serv Res 2001; 36: 987-1007.
55. Breslau N, Davis GC, Andreski P, Peterson E. Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in an urban population of young adults. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991; 48: 216-22.
56. Sommer I, Ehlert U. Adjustment to trauma exposure: prevalence and predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in mountain guides. J Psychosom Res 2004; 57: 329-35.
57. Hepp U, Spindler A, Schnyder U, Kraemer B, Milos G. Post-traumatic stress disorder in women with eating disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2007; 12: e24-7.
58. North CS, McCutcheon V, Spitznagel EL, Smith EM. Three-year follow-up of survivors of a mass shooting episode. J Urban Health 2002; 79: 383-91.
59. Malt UF, Olafsen OM. Psychological appraisal and emotional response to physical injury: a clinical, phenomenological study of 109 adults. Psychiatr Med 1992; 10: 117-34.
60. Ozer EJ, Best SR, Lipsey TL, Weiss DS. Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms in adults: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull 2003; 129: 52-73.