Effect of altering the grazing interval on growth and utilization of grass herbage and performance of dairy cows under rotational grazing

Grass and Forage Science

Volumn 63, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 257-269

  Dale, A J ^a   Mayne, C S ^a   Laidlaw, A S ^a   Ferris, C P ^a  

^a AGRI FOOD AND BIOSCIENCES INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Dairy; Grazing interval; Grazing management; Perennial ryegrass; Utilization

Indexed keywords

CATTLE; DAIRY FARMING; GRASS; GRAZING MANAGEMENT; GROWTH; GROWTH RATE; PERENNIAL PLANT;

ANIMALIA; BOS; LOLIUM PERENNE;

EID: 43749107883     PISSN: 01425242     EISSN: 13652494     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2008.00631.x     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Baker A.M.C. Leaver J.D. (1986) Effect of stocking rate in early season on dairy cow performance and sward characteristics. Grass and Forage Science, 41, 333 340.
2. Bargo F., Muller L.D., Kolver E.S. Delahoy J.E. (2003) Invited review: production and digestion of supplemented dairy cows on pasture. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 1 42.
3. Beever D.E., Offer N. Gill M. (2000) The feeding value of grass and grass products. In : Hopkins A ed) Grass: its production and utilization, 3rd edn, pp. 140 195. Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science.
4. Binnie R.C., Kilpatrick D.J. Chestnutt D.M.B. (1997) Effect of altering the length of the regrowth interval in early, mid- and late season on the productivity of grass swards. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 128, 303 309.
5. Brock J.L. Hay R.J.M. (1993) An ecological approach to forage management, Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress, Palmerston North, New Zealand, 1993, pp 837 842.
6. Brougham R.W. (1956) Effect of intensity of defoliation on regrowth of pasture. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 7, 377 387.
7. Campling R.C. (1975) Systems of grazing management for dairy cattle. In : Hodgson J. Jackson D.K. (eds) Pasture utilization by the grazing animal. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium. No. 8. pp. 113 118. Hurley, UK : British Grassland Society.
8. Chenais F., Espinasse R. Leroux M. (1995) Rotational grazing of dairy cows: effect of grazing intervals on animal and grass production. Annales de Zootechnie, 44, 132.
9. Chestnutt D.M.B., Murdoch J.C., Harrington F.J. Binnie R.C. (1977) The effect of cutting frequency and applied nitrogen on production and digestibility of perennial ryegrass. Journal of the British Grassland Society, 32, 177 183.
10. Clark D.A. (2005) Challenges and opportunities for animal production from temperate pastures. In : Murphy J.J (ed Utilization of grazed grass in temperate animal systems. Proceedings of a Satellite Workshop of the XXth International Grassland Congress, July 2005, pp. 119 130. Wageningen, The Netherlands : Wageningen Academic Publishers.
11. Crawford A.D. (2002) The effect of breed of dairy cow on oestrous behaviour, fertility and animal performance in a grazing system. Ph.D. thesis, Belfast, UK : Queens University of Belfast.
12. Cushnahan A. Gordon F.J. (1995) The effects of grass preservation on intake, apparent digestibility and rumen degradation characteristics. Animal Science, 60, 429 438.
13. Da Silva S.C., Hodgson J., Matthew C., Matthews P.N.P. Holmes C.W. (2004) Herbage production and animal performance on perennial ryegrass/white clover dairy pastures under alternative spring grazing managements. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 142, 97 108.
14. Dale A.J., Barrett P.D. Mayne C.S. (2005) Assessment of grass production and efficiency of utilization on three Northern Ireland dairy farms. In : O'Mara F.R., Wilkins R.J., t'Mannetje L., Lovett D.K., Rogers P.A.M. Boland T.M. (eds) XX International Grassland Congress:offered papers, p. 238. Wageningen, The Netherlands : Wageningen Academic Publishers.
15. Dillon P.G. (1993) The use of n-alkanes as markers to determine herbage intake, botanical composition of available or consumed herbage and in studies of digesta kinetics with dairy cows. Dublin, Ireland. Ph.D. thesis, National University of Ireland.
16. Dillon P., Roche J.R., Shalloo L. Horan B. (2005) Optimising financial return from grazing in temperate pastures. In : Murphy J.J (eds) Utilization of grazed grass in temperate animal systems. Proceedings of a Satellite Workshop of the XXth International Grassland Congress, July 2005, pp. 131 147. Wageningen, The Netherlands : Wageningen Academic Publishers
17. Edmondson A.J., Lean I.J., Weaver L.D., Farver T. Webster G. (1989) A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 72, 68 78.
18. Ferris C.P. (2007) Sustainable pasture-based dairy systems - meeting the challenges. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 87, 723 738.
19. Fisher G.E.J., Roberts D.J. Dowdeswell A.M. (1995) The manipulation of grass swards for summer-calving dairy cows. Grass and Forage Science, 50, 424 438.
20. Fulkerson W.J. Slack K. (1994) Leaf number as a criterion for determining defoliation time for Loilium perenne. 1. Effect of water-soluble carbohydrates and senescence. Grass and Forage Science, 49, 373 377.
21. Gibb M.J., Huckle C.A., Nuthall R. Rook A.J. (1997a) Behavioural strategies of dairy cows grazing swards of different surface heights, Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science. Annual Meeting, Scarborough, pp. 136. Edinburgh, UK : British Society of Animal Science.
22. Gibb M.J., Huckle C.A., Nuthall R. Rook A.J. (1997b) Effect of sward surface height on intake and grazing behaviour by lactating Holstein Friesian cows. Grass and Forage Science, 52, 309 321.
23. Gordon F.J., Ferris C.P., Patterson D.C. Mayne C.S. (2000) A comparison of two grassland-based systems for autumn-calving dairy cows of high genetic merit. Grass and Forage Science, 55, 83 96.
24. Hennessy D., O' Donovan M., French P. Laidlaw A.S. (2008) Manipulation of herbage production by altering nitrogen application pattern. Grass and Forage Science, 63, 152 166.
25. Hernandez Garay A., Hodgson J. Matthew C. (1997) Effect of spring grazing management on perennial ryegrass and ryegrass-white clover pastures.1. Tissue turnover and herbage accumulation. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 40, 25 35.
26. Hoogendoorn C.J., Holmes C.W. Chu A.C.P. (1992) Some effects of herbage composition, as influenced by previous grazing management, on milk production by cows grazing on ryegrass/white clover pastures. 2. Milk production in late spring/summer: effects of grazing intensity during the preceding spring period. Grass and Forage Science, 47, 316 325.
27. Keady T.W.J. Anderson D. (2000) The cost of producing and feeding grazed grass and grass silage, Proceedings of British Grassland Society Research Conference, Aberdeen September, 2000. Reading : British Grassland Society.
28. Kilpatrick C., Keady T.W.J., Cushnahan A. Murphy J. (2002) Costs of forage on the Northern Ireland dairy farms. Antrim : Greenmount College of Agriculture and Horticulture.
29. Marsh R. (1975) Systems of grazing management for beef cattle. In : Hodgson J. Jackson D.K. (eds) Pasture utilization by the grazing animal. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium No. 8, 119 128. Hurley : British Grassland Society.
30. Mayes R.W., Lamb C.S. Colgrove P.M. (1986) The use of dosed and herbage n-alkanes as markers for the determination of herbage intake. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 107, 161 170.
31. Mayne C.S. Peyraud J.L. (1996) Recent advances in grassland utilization under grazing and conservation. Grassland Science in Europe, 1, 347 363.
32. McFeely P.C., Browne D. Carty O. (1975) Effect of grazing interval and stocking rate on milk production and pasture yield. Irish Journal of Agricultural Research, 14, 309 319.
33. McGilloway D.A. Mayne C.S. (1996) The importance of grass availability for the high genetic merit dairy cow, Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition, University of Nottingham Feed Manufacturers Conference, pp. 135 169. Nottingham, UK : Nottingham University Press.
34. Meijs J.A.C. Hoekstra J.A. (1984) Concentrate supplementation of grazing dairy cows. 1. Effect of concentrate intake and herbage allowance on herbage intake. Grass and Forage Science, 39, 59 66.
35. Meijs J.A.C. (1986) Concentrate supplementation of grazing dairy cows. 2. Effect of concentrate composition on herbage intake and milk production. Grass and Forage Science, 41, 229 235.
36. Parsons A.J. Penning P.D. (1988) The effect of the duration of regrowth on photosynthesis, leaf death and the average rate of growth in a rotationally grazed sward. Grass and Forage Science, 43, 15 27.
37. Peel S., Matkin E.A. Huckle C.A. (1986) Utilised output from grazed grassland: case studies of commercial dairy farms, 1981-1985. In : Frame J. (ed Grazing. British Grassland Society. Occasional Symposium No. 19, pp. 147 152. Hurley, UK : British Grassland Society.
38. Peyraud J.L. Delaby L. (2005) Combining the optimal management of grazing and the performances of dairy cows: issues and tools. Production Animals, 18, 231 240.
39. Peyraud J.L., Comeron E.A., Wade M.H. Lemaire G. (1996) The effect of daily herbage allowance, herbage mass and animal factors upon herbage intake by grazing dairy cows. Annales de Zootechnie, 45, 201 217.
40. Pulido R. Leaver J.D. (1995) Influence of initial milk yield, sward height and concentrate level on herbage intake and grazing behaviour of dairy cattle. Annales de Zootechnie, 44, 129.
41. Pulido R.G. Leaver J.D. (2003) Continuous and rotational grazing of dairy cows- the interactions of grazing system with the level of milk yield, sward height and concentrate level. Grass and Forage Science, 58, 258 264.
42. Rook A.J. Huckle C.A. (1997) Activity bout criteria for grazing dairy cows. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 54, 89 96.
43. Rook A.J., Huckle C.A. Penning P.D. (1994) Effects of sward height and concentrate supplementation on the ingestive behaviour of spring-calving dairy cows grazing grass-clover swards. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 40, 101 112.
44. Stakelum G. Dillon P. (1990) Influence of sward structure and digestibility on the intake and performance of lactating and growing cattle. In : Mayne C.S. (ed Management issues for the grassland farmer in the 1990s. British Grassland Society Occasional Symposium. No. 25, pp. 30 42. Hurley, UK : British Grassland Society.
45. Stettler M. Thomet P. (2005) Manipulation of grass growth through strategic distribution of nitrogen fertilisation. In : Murphy J.J (ed Utilization of grazed grass in temperate animal systems. Proceedings of a Satellite Workshop of the XXth International Grassland Congress, July 2005, p. 234. Wageningen, The Netherlands : Wageningen Academic Publishers.
46. Thom E.R. (1991) Effect of early spring grazing frequency on the reproductive growth and development of a perennial ryegrass tiller population. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 34, 383 389.
47. Thom E.R. Bryant A.M. (1993) Effects of grazing management on grass tiller density characteristics of a ryegrass-white clover dairy pasture. Proceedings of the XVII International Grassland Congress 1993, pp 877 879.
48. Thomas C. (2004) Feed into milk: a new applied feeding system for dairy cows. Nottingham, UK : Nottingham University Press.
49. Tyrell H.F. Reid J.T. (1965) Prediction of the energy value of cows milk. Journal of Dairy Science, 48, 1215 1223.
50. Virkajarvi P., Sairanen A., Nousianinen J.I. Khalili H. (2002) Effect of herbage allowance on pasture utilization, regrowth and milk yield of dairy cows in early, mid and late season. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 97, 23 40.
51. Wales W.J., Doyle P.T., Stockdale C.R. Dellow D.W. (1999) Effects of variations in herbage mass, allowance, and level of supplement on nutrient intake and milk production of dairy cows in spring and summer. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 39, 119 130.