Allometric relationship between changes of visceral fat and total fat mass

International Journal of Obesity

Volumn 32, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 845-852

  Hallgreen, C E ^a   Hall, K D ^b  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK   (Denmark)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES   (United States)

Author keywords

Allometry; Body composition; Fat mass; Visceral adipose tissue; Weight loss

Indexed keywords

AEROBIC EXERCISE; ALLOMETRY; ARTICLE; BARIATRIC SURGERY; BODY FAT; CALORIC RESTRICTION; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DUAL ENERGY X RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; HUMAN; INTRAABDOMINAL FAT; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OBESITY; PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; WEIGHT REDUCTION; WHOLE BODY MRI;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; BODY FAT DISTRIBUTION; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTRA-ABDOMINAL FAT; MALE; METABOLIC DISEASES; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; WEIGHT LOSS;

EID: 43449125000     PISSN: 03070565     EISSN: 14765497     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803783     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Fox CS, Massaro JM, Hoffmann U, Pou KM, Maurovich-Horvat P, Liu CY et al. Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments: association with metabolic risk factors in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2007; 116: 39-48.
2. Bjorntorp P. 'Portal' adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Arteriosclerosis 1990; 10: 493-496.
3. Despres JP, Lemieux I. Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nature 2006; 444: 881-887.
4. Wajchenberg BL. Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: their relation to the metabolic syndrome. Endocr Rev 2000; 21: 697-738.
5. Smith SR, Zachwieja JJ. Visceral adipose tissue: a critical review of intervention strategies. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999; 23: 329-335.
6. Huxley J. Problems of Relative Growth. Methuen & Co. Ltd.: London, 1932.
7. Shen W, Punyanitya M, Wang Z, Gallagher D, St-Onge MP, Albu J et al. Visceral adipose tissue: relations between single-slice areas and total volume. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 80: 271-278.
8. Brett MT. When is a correlation between non-independent variables 'spurious'? OIKOS 2004; 105: 647-656.
9. Brochu M, Tchernof A, Turner AN, Ades PA, Poehlman ET. Is there a threshold of visceral fat loss that improves the metabolic profile in obese postmenopausal women? Metab Clin Exp 2003; 52: 599-604.
10. Busetto L, Tregnaghi A, De Marchi F, Segato G, Foletto M, Sergi G et al. Liver volume and visceral obesity in women with hepatic steatosis undergoing gastric banding. Obes Res 2002; 10: 408-411.
11. Chowdhury B, Kvist H, Andersson B, Bjorntorp P, Sjostrom L. CT-determined changes in adipose tissue distribution during a small weight reduction in obese males. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1993; 17: 685-691.
12. Despres JP, Pouliot MC, Moorjani S, Nadeau A, Tremblay A, Lupien PJ et al. Loss of abdominal fat and metabolic response to exercise training in obese women. Am J Physiol 1991; 261: E159-E167.
13. Doucet E, St-Pierre S, Almeras N, Mauriege P, Despres JP, Richard D et al. Fasting insulin levels influence plasma leptin levels independently from the contribution of adiposity: evidence from both a cross-sectional and an intervention study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 4231-4237.
14. Doucet E, St-Pierre S, Almeras N, Imbeault P, Mauriege P, Pascot A et al. Reduction of visceral adipose tissue during weight loss. Eur J Clin Nutr 2002; 56: 297-304.
15. Engelson ES, Agin D, Kenya S, Werber-Zion G, Luty B, Albu JB et al. Body composition and metabolic effects of a diet and exercise weight loss regimen on obese, HIV-infected women. Metab Clin Exp 2006; 55: 1327-1336.
16. Fujioka S, Matsuzawa Y, Tokunaga K, Kawamoto T, Kobatake T, Keno Y et al. Improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism associated with selective reduction of intra-abdominal visceral fat in premenopausal women with visceral fat obesity. Int J Obes 1991; 15: 853-859.
17. Giannopoulou I, Ploutz-Snyder LL, Carhart R, Weinstock RS, Fernhall B, Goulopoulou S et al. Exercise is required for visceral fat loss in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90: 1511-1518.
18. Gletsu N, Lin E, Khaitan L, Lynch SA, Ramshaw B, Raziano R et al. Changes in C-reactive protein predict insulin sensitivity in severely obese individuals after weight loss surgery. J Gastrointest Surg 2005; 9: 1119-1126; discussion 1127-1118.
19. Goodpaster BH, Kelley DE, Wing RR, Meier A, Thaete FL. Effects of weight loss on regional fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in obesity. Diabetes 1999; 48: 839-847.
20. Gower BA, Weinsier RL, Jordan JM, Hunter GR, Desmond R. Effects of weight loss on changes in insulin sensitivity and lipid concentrations in premenopausal African American and white women. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 76: 923-927.
21. Janssen I, Ross R. Effects of sex on the change in visceral, subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in response to weight loss. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999; 23: 1035-1046.
22. Janssen I, Fortier A, Hudson R, Ross R. Effects of an energy-restrictive diet with or without exercise on abdominal fat, intermuscular fat, and metabolic risk factors in obese women. Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 431-438.
23. Larson-Meyer DE, Heilbronn LK, Redman LM, Newcomer BR, Frisard MI, Anton S et al. Effect of calorie restriction with or without exercise on insulin sensitivity, beta-cell function, fat cell size, and ectopic lipid in overweight subjects. Diabetes Care 2006; 29: 1337-1344.
24. Lin E, Phillips LS, Ziegler TR, Schmotzer B, Wu K, Gu LH et al. Increases in adiponectin predict improved liver, but not peripheral, insulin sensitivity in severely obese women during weight loss. Diabetes 2007; 56: 735-742.
25. Lynch NA, Nicklas BJ, Berman DM, Dennis KE, Goldberg AP. Reductions in visceral fat during weight loss and walking are associated with improvements in VO(2 max). J Appl Physiol 2001; 90: 99-104.
26. Nicklas BJ, Dennis KE, Berman DM, Sorkin J, Ryan AS, Goldberg AP. Lifestyle intervention of hypocaloric dieting and walking reduces abdominal obesity and improves coronary heart disease risk factors in obese, postmenopausal, African-American and Caucasian women. J Gerontol 2003; 58: 181-189.
27. Okura T, Tanaka K, Nakanishi T, Lee DJ, Nakata Y, Wee SW et al. Effects of obesity phenotype on coronary heart disease risk factors in response to weight loss. Obes Res 2002; 10: 757-766.
28. Okura T, Nakata Y, Tanaka K. Effects of exercise intensity on physical fitness and risk factors for coronary heart disease. Obes Res 2003; 11: 1131-1139.
29. Pare A, Dumont M, Lemieux I, Brochu M, Almeras N, Lemieux S et al. Is the relationship between adipose tissue and waist girth altered by weight loss in obese men? Obes Res 2001; 9: 526-534.
30. Redman LM, Heilbronn LK, Martin CK, Alfonso A, Smith SR, Ravussin E. Effect of calorie restriction with or without exercise on body composition and fat distribution. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 865-872.
31. Rice B, Janssen I, Hudson R, Ross R. Effects of aerobic or resistance exercise and/or diet on glucose tolerance and plasma insulin levels in obese men. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 684-691.
32. Ross R, Rissanen J. Mobilization of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue in response to energy restriction and exercise. Am J Clin Nutr 1994; 60: 695-703.
33. Ross R, Rissanen J, Pedwell H, Clifford J, Shragge P. Influence of diet and exercise on skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue in men. J Appl Physiol 1996; 81: 2445-2455.
34. Ross R, Rissanen J, Hudson R. Sensitivity associated with the identification of visceral adipose tissue levels using waist circumference in men and women: effects of weight loss. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996; 20: 533-538.
35. Ross R, Dagnone D, Jones PJ, Smith H, Paddags A, Hudson R et al. Reduction in obesity and related comorbid conditions after diet-induced weight loss or exercise-induced weight loss in men. A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 2000; 133: 92-103.
36. Ross R, Janssen I, Dawson J, Kungl AM, Kuk JL, Wong SL et al. Exercise-induced reduction in obesity and insulin resistance in women: a randomized controlled trial. Obes Res 2004; 12: 789-798.
37. Ryan AS, Nicklas BJ. Reductions in plasma cytokine levels with weight loss improve insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese postmenopausal women. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 1699-1705.
38. Ryan AS, Nicklas BJ, Berman DM. Aerobic exercise is necessary to improve glucose utilization with moderate weight loss in women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14: 1064-1072.
39. Santosa S, Demonty I, Lichtenstein AH, Jones PJ. Cholesterol metabolism and body composition in women: the effects of moderate weight loss. Int J Obes 2007; 31: 933-941.
40. Shadid S, Jensen MD. Effects of pioglitazone versus diet and exercise on metabolic health and fat distribution in upper body obesity. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 3148-3152.
41. Tchernof A, Starling RD, Turner A, Shuldiner AR, Walston JD, Silver K et al. Impaired capacity to lose visceral adipose tissue during weight reduction in obese postmenopausal women with the Trp64Arg beta3-adrenoceptor gene variant. Diabetes 2000; 49: 1709-1713.
42. Thamer C, Machann J, Stefan N, Haap M, Schafer S, Brenner S et al. High visceral fat mass and high liver fat are associated with resistance to lifestyle intervention. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2007; 15: 531-538.
43. Thong FS, Hudson R, Ross R, Janssen I, Graham TE. Plasma leptin in moderately obese men: independent effects of weight loss and aerobic exercise. Am J Physiol 2000; 279: E307-313.
44. van Rossum EF, Nicklas BJ, Dennis KE, Berman DM, Goldberg AP. Leptin responses to weight loss in postmenopausal women: relationship to sex-hormone binding globulin and visceral obesity. Obes Res 2000; 8: 29-35.
45. Weinsier RL, Hunter GR, Gower BA, Schutz Y, Darnell BE, Zuckerman PA. Body fat distribution in white and black women: different patterns of intraabdominal and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue utilization with weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr 2001; 74: 631-636.
46. Press W, Flannery B, Teukolsky S, Vetterling W. Numerical Recipes: the Art of Scientific Computing. Cambridge University Press: New York, 1986.
47. Mauriege P, Marette A, Atgie C, Bouchard C, Theriault G, Bukowiecki LK et al. Regional variation in adipose tissue metabolism of severely obese premenopausal women. J Lipid Res 1995; 36: 672-684.
48. Mittelman SD, Van Citters GW, Kirkman EL, Bergman RN. Extreme insulin resistance of the central adipose depot in vivo. Diabetes 2002; 51: 755-761.
49. Sniderman AD, Bhopal R, Prabhakaran D, Sarrafzadegan N, Tchernof A. Why might South Asians be so susceptible to central obesity and its atherogenic consequences? The adipose tissue overflow hypothesis. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36: 220-225.
50. Mourier A, Gautier JF, De Kerviler E, Bigard AX, Villette JM, Garnier JP et al. Mobilization of visceral adipose tissue related to the improvement in insulin sensitivity in response to physical training in NIDDM. Effects of branched-chain amino acid supplements. Diabetes Care 1997; 20: 385-391.
51. Mayer L, Walsh BT, Pierson Jr RN, Heymsfield SB, Gallagher D, Wang J et al. Body fat redistribution after weight gain in women with anorexia nervosa. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 81: 1286-1291.
52. Bouchard C, Tremblay A, Despres JP, Nadeau A, Lupien PJ, Theriault G et al. The response to long-term overfeeding in identical twins. N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 1477-1482.