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2
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4344572493
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note
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In this paper, we use the term teleworking to refer to any work done at home that would normally be done at the workplace. This would include parts of days or weeks working at home.
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-
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4
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4344716497
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note
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One early and influential consultancy study suggesting the important role that telecommunications could play was by Arthur D. Little (1991). The more recent work on topics such as intelligent transportation systems is extensive but space precludes more than the occasional reference to them in this paper.
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5
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4344691579
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note
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It is not uncommon for suburbs to be without footpaths.
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6
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3042604920
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Start talking and get to work
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November, British Airways, London
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Hewson, D. (1999)' Start talking and get to work', Business Life, November, Vol. 72, No. 6, British Airways, London.
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Business Life
, vol.72
, Issue.6
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Hewson, D.1
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7
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0002827442
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Why don't you telecommute?
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Spring, University of California Transportation Center, Davis
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Salomon, I. and Mokhtarian, P. (1997) 'Why don't you telecommute?', Access, No 10, Spring, University of California Transportation Center, Davis.
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(1997)
Access
, Issue.10
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Salomon, I.1
Mokhtarian, P.2
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8
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0003888424
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As long ago as 1995, The Economist [9] claimed that telecommunications would bring about the 'death of distance'.
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(1995)
The Economist
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9
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4344593196
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September, cover story
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The Economist (1995) The Death of Distance, September, cover story.
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(1995)
The Death of Distance
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10
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4344703124
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note
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There are a number of dimensions to the interactions between telecommunications and transportation (both passenger and freight) as see in the Table below taken from Salomon [11]. The attention here is clearly only on part of this larger matrix. Table presented
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11
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2442672819
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Can telecommunications help solve transportation problems?
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K.J. Button and D. Hensher (Eds.), Elsevier, Oxford
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Salomon, I. (2000) 'Can telecommunications help solve transportation problems?', in K.J. Button and D. Hensher (Eds.), Handbook of Transport Modelling, Elsevier, Oxford.
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(2000)
Handbook of Transport Modelling
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Salomon, I.1
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14
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0033843026
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Women, travel and the idea of 'sustainable transport'
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Root, A., Schintler, L. and Button, K.J. (2000) 'Women, travel and the idea of 'sustainable transport', Transport Reviews, Vol. 20, pp.369-83.
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(2000)
Transport Reviews
, vol.20
, pp. 369-383
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Root, A.1
Schintler, L.2
Button, K.J.3
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15
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4344701015
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note
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This covers what is often referred to as Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).
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16
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0022212429
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Telecommunications and travel - Substitution or modified mobility?
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Salomon, I. (1985) 'Telecommunications and travel - substitution or modified mobility?', Journal of Transportation Economics and Policy, Vol. 19, pp.219-35.
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(1985)
Journal of Transportation Economics and Policy
, vol.19
, pp. 219-235
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-
Salomon, I.1
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17
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0022557808
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Telecommunications and travel relationships: A review
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Salomon, I. (1986) 'Telecommunications and travel relationships: a review', Transportation Research 20A, pp.223-38.
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(1986)
Transportation Research
, vol.20 A
, pp. 223-238
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Salomon, I.1
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18
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0008382110
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Telecommunication vs transportation
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University of California Transportation Center, Davis
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Plaut, P.O. (1997) 'Telecommunication vs transportation', Access, No. 10, University of California Transportation Center, Davis.
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(1997)
Access
, Issue.10
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Plaut, P.O.1
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19
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4344560757
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note
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This assumption underlies most of the macro-scale studies that have been conducted on teleworking. In a review of major studies that looked at impacts across the population of commuters, rather than individual households, Shafizadeh et al. [20] note that the emphasis is purely on the potential of switching, with no allowance for interaction generation effects.
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20
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4344666471
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The costs and benefits of telecommuting: An evaluation of macro-scale literature
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University of California, Berkeley
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Shafizadeh, K.R., Niemeier, D.A., Mokhtarian, P.L. and Saloman, I. (1998) 'The costs and benefits of telecommuting: an evaluation of macro-scale literature', California PATH Working Paper UCB-ITS-PWP-98-5, University of California, Berkeley.
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(1998)
California PATH Working Paper
, vol.UCB-ITS-PWP-98-5
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Shafizadeh, K.R.1
Niemeier, D.A.2
Mokhtarian, P.L.3
Saloman, I.4
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22
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4344574297
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Transport and communications
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J.H. Rickard and J. Larkinson (Eds.), Avebury, Aldershot
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Button, K.J. (1991) 'Transport and communications', in J.H. Rickard and J. Larkinson (Eds.), Long Term Issues in Transport, Avebury, Aldershot.
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(1991)
Long Term Issues in Transport
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Button, K.J.1
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23
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4344685653
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note
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Complex is used in a psychological sense rather than a mathematical sense. For instance, it may entail information concerning trust and confidence that is not easily gleaned from electronic interactions.
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28
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0001939704
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Travel for the run of it
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Autumn
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Mokhtarian, P. and Salomon, I. (1999) 'Travel for the run of it', Access, Autumn, pp. 18-20.
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Access
, pp. 18-20
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Salomon, I.2
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29
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From the 'magic circle' to 'automobile dependence': Measurements and political implications
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Dupuy, G. (1999) 'From the 'magic circle' to 'automobile dependence': measurements and political implications', Transport Policy, Vol. 6, Nos. 1-17.
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Transport Policy
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Modelling the choice of telecommuting: Setting the context
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Mokhtarian, P. and Salomon, I. (1994) 'Modelling the choice of telecommuting: setting the context', Environment and Planning A, Vol. 26, pp.749-766.
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Environment and Planning A
, vol.26
, pp. 749-766
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Salomon, I.2
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84866243886
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The emerging needs of the majority: Women, young and old
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Morris, J., Richardson, A.J. and McPherson, A. (1996) 'The emerging needs of the majority: women, young and old', Conference, Proceedings of the Australasian Transport Research Forum.
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Conference, Proceedings of the Australasian Transport Research Forum
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Richardson, A.J.2
McPherson, A.3
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Changing employment and income profiles: New environment for travel demand
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Richardson, A.J., Morris, J. and Loeis, M. (1996) 'Changing employment and income profiles: new environment for travel demand', Conference, Proceedings of the Australasian Transport Research Forum.
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Conference, Proceedings of the Australasian Transport Research Forum
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Morris, J.2
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Computer-mediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal and hyperpersonal interaction
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Walther, J.B. (1996) 'Computer-mediated communication: impersonal, interpersonal and hyperpersonal interaction', Communication Research, Vol. 23, pp.3-43.
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Teleconferencing and interpersonal communication perception
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Chilcoat, Y. and DeWine, S. (1985) 'Teleconferencing and interpersonal communication perception', Journal of Applied Communication Research, Vol. 13, pp. 14-32.
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Journal of Applied Communication Research
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, pp. 14-32
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York City Council (1999) Personal Communication, York City Council, York.
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37
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Logistical developments in urban distribution and their impact on energy use and the environment
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M. Kroon, R. Smit and J. van Ham (Eds.) Elsevier, Amsterdam
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ter Brugge, R. (1991)' Logistical developments in urban distribution and their impact on energy use and the environment', in M. Kroon, R. Smit and J. van Ham (Eds.) Freight Transport and the Environment, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
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Ter Brugge, R.1
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38
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4344572492
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note
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In Japan, the average weight of goods carried on each trip fell by 36%, from 3.8 tons in 1980 to 2.4 tons in 1990 [36].
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-
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39
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4344641674
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note
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The most popular purchases over the internet are items such as books, CDs, electrical components and those goods perceived as having a known quality.
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-
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40
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4344640289
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note
-
A recent article in the daily newspaper, US Today (18 November, p.1 of Section B, 1999) declares the "dramatic growth in online retailing has helped spark a boom in delivery van sales." The article refers to the high growth in internet commerce, in particular online ordering of groceries, leading to an increase in demand for delivery vehicles. Growth of 15.3% and 25% for small-medium and larger vans respectively was reported. Federal Express also stated in 1999 that it saw delivery of business generated by internet transactions as its key future growth area.
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41
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4344656108
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note
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The International Herald Tribune (30 November, 1999, p.8) exposes shopping as a form of entertainment, in which spending is the fulfilment and bargain hunting is the challenge.
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42
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4344602397
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note
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The pony express offered a new means of communication in the US west but lasted only 19 months after railroads began to expand.
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43
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4344638454
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note
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For safety reasons, when the vehicle is in gear, the monitor does not function.
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