The burden of the neurocognitive impairment associated with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in sub-Saharan Africa

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Volumn 71, Issue 2 SUPPL., 2004, Pages 64-70

  Mung'ala Odera, Victor ^a   Snow, Robert W ^b,c   Newton, Charles R J C ^a,d  

^a KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (Kenya)

^b KEMRI WELLCOME TRUST RESEARCH PROGRAMME   (Kenya)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFRICA; BRAIN MALARIA; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONFERENCE PAPER; ENDEMIC DISEASE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; MALARIA FALCIPARUM; MORTALITY; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM;

PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PROTOZOA;

EID: 4344652724     PISSN: 00029637     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2004.71.64     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (55)

1. Newton CR, Hien TT, White N, 2000. Cerebral malaria. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69: 433-441.
2. WHO, 2001. The World Health Report. Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope. Geneva: World Health Organization.
3. Snow RW, Craig MH, Newton CR, Steketee RW, 2003. The Public Health Burden of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Africa: Deriving the Numbers. Bethesda, MD: Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. Working Paper 11, Disease Control Priorities Project, 1-80.
4. Snow RW, Craig M, Deichmann U, Marsh K, 1999. Estimating mortality, morbidity and disability due to malaria among Africa's non-pregnant population. Bull World Health Organ 77: 624-640.
5. Al Serouri AW, Grantham-McGregor SM, Greenwood B, Costello A, 2000. Impact of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia on cognitive function and school achievement of schoolchildren in the Yemen Republic. Parasitology 121: 337-345.
6. Fernando SD, Gunawardena DM, Bandara MR, de Silva D, Mendis KN, 2003. The impact of repeated malaria attacks on school performance of children. Am J Trop Med Hyg 69: 582-588.
7. World Health Organization, 2001. Severe falciparum malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 94 (suppl 1): S1-1-S1/74. 2000.
8. Osier FH, Berkley JA, Ross A, Sanderson F, Mohammed S, Newton CR, 2003. Abnormal blood glucose concentrations on admission to a rural Kenyan district hospital: prevalence and outcome. Arch Dis Child 88: 621-625.
9. Newton CR, Krishna S, 1998. Severe falciparum malaria in children: current understanding of pathophysiology and supportive treatment. Pharmacol Ther 79: 1-53.
10. Carter JA, Neville BGR, White S, Ross AJ, Otieno G, Mturi N, Musumba C, Newton CRJC, 2004. Increased prevalence of epilepsy following severe falciparum malaria in children. Epilepsia: (in press).
11. Armengaud M, Louvain M, Diop Mar I, 1962. Etude portant sur 448 cas de paludisme chez 1'African de la region dakaroise. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 7: 167-197.
12. Brewster DR, Kwiatkowski D, White NJ, 1990. Neurological sequelae of cerebral malaria in children. Lancet 336: 1039-1043.
13. Boivin MJ, 2002. Effects of early cerebral malaria on cognitive ability in Senegalese children. J Dev Behav Pediatr 23: 353-364.
14. van Hensbroek MB, Onyiorah E, Jaffar S, Schneider G, Palmer A, Frenkel J, Enwere G, Forck S, Nusmeijer A, Bennett S, Greenwood B, Kwiatkowski D, 1996. A trial of artemether or quinine in children with cerebral malaria. N Engl J Med 335: 69-75.
15. van Hensbroek MB, Palmer A, Jaffar S, Schneider G, Kwiatkowski D, 1997. Residual neurologic sequelae after childhood cerebral malaria. J Pediatr 131: 125-129.
16. Crawley J, Waruiru C, Mithwani S, Mwangi I, Watkins W, Ouma D, Winstanley P, Peto T, Marsh K, 2000. Effect of phenobarbital on seizure frequency and mortality in childhood cerebral malaria: a randomised, controlled intervention study. Lancet 355: 701-706.
17. Holding PA, Stevenson J, Peshu N, Marsh K, 1999. Cognitive sequelae of severe malaria with impaired consciousness. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 93: 529-534.
18. Madge N, Diamond J, Miller D, Ross E, McManus C, Wadsworth J, Yule W, 1993. The National Childhood Encephalopthy Study: A 10 year follow-up. Dev Med Child Neurol 35 (Suppl 68): 1-118.
19. Holding PA, Wekulo P, 2003. New Perspectives on the Causes and Potential Costs of Malaria. The Growth and Development of Children. What Should We Be Measuring and How Should We Be Measuring It? Bethesda, MD: Fogerty International Center, National Institutes of Health. Working Paper no. 7. Disease Control Priorities Project.
20. Versteeg AC, Carter JA, Dzombo J, Neville BG, Newton CR, 2003. Seizure disorders among relatives of Kenyan children with severe falciparum malaria. Trop Med Int Health 8: 12-16.
21. Carter JA, Murira GM, Ross AJ, Mung' Ala-Odera V, Newton CR, 2003. Speech and language sequelae of severe malaria in Kenyan children. Brain Inj 17: 217-224.
22. Annegers JF, Hauser WA, Beghi E, Nicolosi A, Kurland LT, 1988. The risk of unprovoked seizures after encephalitis and meningitis. Neurology 38: 1407-1410.
23. Nguyen TH, Day NP, Ly VC, Waller D, Nguyen HP, Bethell DB, Tran TH, White NJ, 1996. Post-malaria neurological syndrome. Lancet 348: 917-921.
24. Senanayake N, de Silva HJ, 1994. Delayed cerebellar ataxia complicating falciparum malaria: a clinical study of 74 patients. J Neurol 241: 456-459.
25. Lawn SD, Flanagan KL, Wright SG, Doherty TF, Godfrey-Faussett P, 2003. Postmalaria neurological syndrome: two cases from The Gambia. Clin Infect Dis 36: E29-E31.
26. Murphy SC, Breman JG, 2001. Gaps in the childhood malaria burden in Africa: cerebral malaria, neurological sequelae, anemia, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, and complications of pregnancy. Am J Trop Med Hyg 64: 57-67.
27. Meinardi H, Scott RA, Reis R, Sander JW, 2001. The treatment gap in epilepsy: the current situation and ways forward. Epilepsia 42: 136-149.
28. Jilek-Aall L, Rwiza HT, 1992. Prognosis of epilepsy in a rural African community: a 30-year follow-up of 164 patients in an outpatient clinic in rural Tanzania. Epilepsia 33: 645-650.
29. Snow RW, Williams RE, Rogers JE, Mung' ala VO, Peshu N, 1994. The prevalence of epilepsy among a rural Kenyan population. Its association with premature mortality. Trop Geogr Med 46: 175-179.
30. Coleman R, Loppy L, Walraven G, 2002. The treatment gap and primary health care for people with epilepsy in rural Gambia. Bull World Health Organ 80: 378-383.
31. Murray CJ, Lopez AD, 1994. Global and regional cause-of-death patterns in 1990. Bull World Health Organ 72: 447-480.
32. Murray CJ, Lopez AD, 1994. Quantifying disability, data, methods and results. Bull World Health Organ 72: 481-494.
33. Musoke LK, 1966. Neurological manifestations of malaria in children. East Afr Med J 43: 561-564.
34. Sanohko A, Dareys JP, Charreau M, 1968. Etat encephalitique prolonge et acces pernicieux palustres. Bull Soc Med Afr Noire Lang Fr 3: 662-669.
35. Lemercier G, Bert J, Nouhouayi A, Rey M, Collomb H, 1969. Le neuropaludisme: aspects electroencepahlographiques, neuropathologiques, problemes physiopathologiques. Pathol Biol (Paris) 17: 459-472.
36. Berner H, 1975. Malaria bei kindern unter besonderer berucksightigung der cerebralen malaria. Klin Padiatr 187: 401-406.
37. Omanga U, Ntihinyurwa M, Shako D, Mashako M, 1983. Les hemiplegies au cours de 1'acces pernicieux a Plasmodium falciparum de 1'enfant. Ann Pediatr 30: 294-296.
38. Commey JO, Mills-Tetteh D, Phillips BJ, 1980. Cerebral malaria in Accra, Ghana. Ghana Med J 19: 68-72.
39. Schmutzhard E, Gerstenbrand F, 1984. Cerebral malaria in Tanzania. Its epidemiology, clinical symptoms and neurological long term sequelae in the light of 66 cases. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 78: 351-353.
40. Molyneux ME, Taylor TE, Wirima JJ, Borgstein A, 1989. Clinical features and prognostic indicators in paediatric cerebral malaria: a study of 131 comatose Malawian children. QJM 71: 441-459.
41. Ikpatt NW, Asindi AA, Ekanem IA, Khalil MI, 1990. Preliminary observations on cerebral malaria in Nigerian children. East Afr Med J 67: 341-347.
42. Neequaye J, Ofori-Adjei E, Ofori-Adjei D, Renner L, 1991. Comparative trial of oral versus intramuscular chloroquine in children with cerebral malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 85: 718-722.
43. Pasvol G, Newton CR, Winstanley PA, Watkins WM, Peshu NM, Were JB, Marsh K, Warrell DA, 1991. Quinine treatment of severe falciparum malaria in African children: a randomized comparison of three regimens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 45: 702-713.
44. Gordeuk V, Thuma P, Brittenham G, Mclaren C, Parry D, Backenstose A, Biemba G, Msiska R, Holmes L, McKinley E, Vargas L, Gilkeson R, Poltera AA, 1992. Effect of iron chelation therapy on recovery from deep coma in children with cerebral malaria. N Engl J Med 327: 1473-1477.
45. Murphy S, English M, Waruiru C, Mwangi I, Amukoye E, Crawley J, Newton C, Winstanley P, Peshu N, Marsh K, 1996. An open randomized trial of artemether versus quinine in the treatment of cerebral malaria in African children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 90: 298-301.
46. Walker O, Salako LA, Sowunmi A, Thomas JO, Sodeine O, Bondi FS, 1992. Prognostic risk factors and post mortem findings in cerebral malaria in children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86: 491-493.
47. Bondi FS, 1992. The incidence and outcome of neurological abnormalities in childhood cerebral malaria: a long term follow-up of 62 survivors. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86: 17-19.
48. Carme B, Bouquety JC, Plassart H, 1993. Mortality and sequelae due to cerebral malaria in African children in Brazzaville, Congo. Am J Trop Med Hyg 48: 216-221.
49. Walker O, Salako LA, Omokhodion SI, Sowunmi A, 1993. An open randomized comparative study of intramuscular artemether and intravenous quinine in cerebral malaria in children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 87: 564-566.
50. Kwiatkowski D, Molyneux ME, Stephens S, Curtis N, Klein N, Pointaire P, Smit M, Allan R, Brewster DR, Grau GE, Greenwood BM, 1993. Anti-TNF therapy inhibits fever in cerebral malaria. QJM 86: 91-98.
51. Di Perri G, Di Perri IG, Monteiro GB, Bonora S, Hennig C, Cassatella M, Micciolo R, Vento S, Dusi S, Bassetti D, Concia E, 1995. Pentoxifylline as a supportive agent in the treatment of cerebral malaria in children. J Infect Dis 171: 1317-1322.
52. Crawley J, Smith S, Kirkham FJ, Muthinji P, Waruiru C, Marsh K, 1996. Seizures and status epileticus in childhood cerebral malaria. QJM 89: 591-597.
53. Meremikwu MM, Asindi AA, Ezedinachi E, 1997. The pattern of neurological sequelae of childhood cerebral malaria among survivors in Calabar, Nigeria. Cent Afr J Med 43: 231-234.
54. Assimadi JK, Gbadoe AD, Atakouma DY, Agbenowossi K, Lawson-Evi K, Gayibor A, Kassankogno Y, 1998. Arch Pediatr 5: 1310-1315.
55. Olumese PE, Gbadegesin RA, Adeyemo AA, Brown B, Walker A, 1999. Neurological features of cerebral malaria in Nigerian children. Ann Trop Paediatr 19: 321-325.