The importance of beaver ponds to coho salmon production in the Stillaguamish River Basin, Washington, USA

North American Journal of Fisheries Management

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 749-760

  Pollock, Michael M ^a   Pess, George R ^a   Beechie, Timothy J ^a   Montgomery, David R ^b  

^a NORTHWEST FISHERIES SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HABITAT CREATION; HABITAT LOSS; MUSTELID; RESTORATION ECOLOGY; SALMONID;

NORTH AMERICA; STILLAGUAMISH BASIN; UNITED STATES; WASHINGTON [UNITED STATES];

CASTOR CANADENSIS; CASTOR FIBER; MUSTELIDAE; ONCORHYNCHUS; ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH; PISCES; SALMONIDAE;

EID: 4344596881     PISSN: 02755947     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1577/M03-156.1     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Ayers, H. B. 1899. Washington Forest Reserves. Pages 283-313 in H. Gannet, editor. Nineteenth annual report of the United States Geological Survey, 1897-1898. Part V-Forest Reserves. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
2. Beechie, T., E. Beamer, and L. Wasserman. 1994. Estimating coho salmon rearing habitat and smolt production losses in a large river basin, and implications for habitat restoration. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 14:797-811.
3. Bisson, P. A., J. L. Nielsen, R. A. Palmason, and L. E. Grove. 1982. A system of naming habitat types in small streams, with examples of habitat utilization by salmonids during low streamflow. Pages 62-73 in N. B. Armantrout, editor. Acquisition and utilization of aquatic habitat inventory information. American Fisheries Society, Western Division, Bethesda, Maryland.
4. Bryant, M. D. 1983. The role of beaver dams as coho salmon habitat in southeast Alaska streams. Pages 183-192 in J. M. Walton, and D. B. Houston, editors. Proceedings of the Olympic Wild Fish Conference. Fisheries Technology Program, Peninsula College, Port Angeles, Washington.
5. Bustard, D. R., and D. W. Narver. 1975a. Aspects of the winter ecology of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri). Journal of the Fisheries Resource Board of Canada 32:667-680.
6. Bustard, D. R., and D. W. Narver. 1975b. Preferences of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) relative to simulated alteration of winter habitat. Journal of the Fisheries Resource Board of Canada 32:681-687.
7. Cederholm, C. J., L. G. Dominguez, and T. W. Bumstead. 1997. Rehabilitating stream channels and fish habitat using large woody debris. Pages 8-1 to 8-28 in P. A. Slaney, and D. Zaldokas, editors. Fish habitat rehabilitation procedures. Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks, Vancouver.
8. Chapman, D. W. 1962. Aggressive behavior in juvenile coho salmon as a cause of emigration. Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada 19:1047-1080.
9. Collen, P., and R. J. Gibson. 2000. The general ecology of beavers (Castor spp.), as related to their influence on stream ecosystems and riparian habitats, and the subsequent effects on fish - a review. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries 10:439-461.
10. Collins, B. D., D. R. Montgomery, and A. D. Haas. 2002. Historical changes in the distribution and functions of large wood in Puget lowland rivers. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 59:66-76.
11. Collins, B. D., D. R. Montgomery, and A. J. Sheikh. 2003. Reconstructing the historical riverine landscape of the Puget lowland. Pages 79-128 in D. R. Montgomery, S. Bolton, D. B. Booth, and L. Wall, editors. Restoration of Puget Sound rivers. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
12. Cowardin, L. M., V. Carter, F. C. Golet, and E. T. LaRue. 1979. Classification of wetlands and freshwater habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31.
13. Dunne, T., and L. B. Leopold. 1978. Water in environmental planning. Freeman, New York.
14. Gannett, H. 1899. Nineteenth annual report of the United States Geological Survey, 1897-1898. Part V. Forest Reserves. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
15. Gard, R. 1961. Effects of beaver on trout in Sagehen Creek, California. Journal of Wildlife Management 25:221-242.
16. Gurnell, A. M. 1998. The hydrogeomorphological effects of beaver dam-building activity. Progress in Physical Geography 22:167-189.
17. Hankin, D. G., and G. H. Reeves. 1988. Estimating total fish abundance and total habitat area in small streams based on visual estimation methods. Canadian Jounal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45:834-844.
18. Hanson, W. D., and R. S. Campbell. 1963. The effects of pool size and beaver activity on distribution and abundance of warm-water fishes in a north Missouri stream. American Midland Naturalist 69(1):137-149.
19. Johnston, C. A., and R. J. Naiman. 1990. The use of a geographic information system to analyze long-term landscape alteration by beaver. Landscape Ecology 4:5-19.
20. Keast, A., and M. G. Fox. 1990. Fish community structure, spatial distribution and feeding ecology in a beaver pond. Environmental Biology of Fishes 27:201-214.
21. Leidholt Bruner, K., D. E. Hibbs, and W. C. McComb. 1992. Beaver dam locations and their effects on distribution and abundance of coho salmon fry in two coastal Oregon streams. Northwest Science 66:218-223.
22. Mackie, R. S. 1997. Trading beyond the mountains. UBC Press, Vancouver.
23. McDowell, D. M., and R. J. Naiman. 1986. Structure and function of a benthic invertebrate stream community as influenced by beaver (Castor canadensis). Oecologia 68:481-489.
24. Murphy, M. L., J. Heifetz, J. F. Thedinga, S. W. Johnson, and K. V. Koski. 1989. Habitat utilization by juvenue Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus) in the glacial Taku River, southeast Alaska. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46:1677-1685.
25. Naiman, R. J., C. A. Johnston, and J. C. Kelley. 1988. Alteration of North American streams by beaver. Bioscience 38:753-761.
26. Nickelson, T. E., J. D. Rodgers, S. L. Johnson, and M. F. Solazzi. 1992. Seasonal changes in habitat use by juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Oregon coastal streams. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49:783-789.
27. Pess, G., B. Collins, M. M. Pollock, T. J. Beechie, A. D. Haas, and S. Grigsby. 1999. Historic and current factors that limit coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) production in the Stillaguamish River basin Washington State: implications for salmonid habitat protection and restoration. Report to the Snohomish County Department of Public Works, Surface Water Management Division, The Stillaguamish Tribe, Everett, Washington.
28. Peterson, N. P. 1982. Population characteristics of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) overwintering in riverine ponds. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 39:1303-1307.
29. Peterson, N. P., and L. M. Reid. 1984. Wall-base channels: their evolution, distribution, and use by juvenile coho salmon in the Clearwater River, Washington. Pages 215-225 in J. M. Walton, and D. B. Houston, editors. Proceedings of the Olympic Wild Fish Conference. Fisheries Technology Program, Peninsula College, Port Angeles, Washington.
30. Pollock, M. M., M. Heim, and R. J. Naiman. 2003. Hydrologic and geomorphic effects of beaver dams and their influence on fishes. Pages 213-234 in S. V. Gregory, K. Boyer, and A. Gurnell, editors. The ecology and management of wood in world rivers. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
31. Pollock, M. M., R. J. Naiman, H. E. Erickson, C. A. Johnston, J. Paster, and G. Pinay. 1994. Beaver as engineers: Influences on biotic and abiotic characteristics of drainage basins. Pages 117-126 in C. G. Jones, and J. H. Lawton, editors. Linking species to ecosystems. Chapman and Hall, New York.
32. Reeves, G. H., F. H. Everest, and T. E. Nickelson. 1989. Identification of physical habitats limiting the production of coho salmon in western Oregon and Washington. U.S. Forest Service PNW-GTR 245.
33. Reid, K. A. 1952. The effect of beaver on trout waters. Maryland Conservationist 29(4):21-23.
34. Rudemann, R., and W. J. Schoonmaker. 1938. Beaver dams as geological agents. Science 88:523-524.
35. Rupp, R. S. 1954. Beaver-trout relationships in the headwaters of Sunkhaze Stream, Maine. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 84:75-85.
36. Salyer, J. C. 1935. Preliminary report on the beaver-trout investigation. American Game 24(1):6-15.
37. Sandercock, F. K. 1991. Life history of coho salmon. Pages 397-445 in C. Groot, and L. Margolis, editors. Pacific salmon life histories. University of British Columbia Press, Vancouver.
38. Scarlett, W. J., and C. J. Cederholm. 1984. Juvenile coho salmon fall-winter utilization of two small tributaries of the Clearwater River, Jefferson County, Washington. Pages 227-242 in J. M. Walton, and D. B. Houston, editors. Proceedings of the Olympic Wild Fish Conference. Fisheries Technology Program, Peninsula College, Port Angeles, Washington.
39. Schlosser, I. J. 1995. Dispersal, boundary processes, and trophic-level interactions in streams adjacent to beaver ponds. Ecology 76:908-925.
40. Seton, E. T. 1929. Lives of game animals, volume 4, part 2. Doubleday, Doran and Co., Garden City, New York.
41. Snodgrass, J. W., and G. K. Meffe. 1998. Influence of beavers on stream fish assemblages: effects of pond age and watershed position. Ecology 79:928-942.
42. Swales, S., F. Caron, J. R. Irvine, and C. D. Levings. 1988. Overwintering habitats of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and other juvenile salmonids in the Keogh River system, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66:254-261.
43. Swales, S., R. B. Lauzier, and C. D. Levings. 1986. Winter habitat preferences of juvenile salmonids in two interior rivers in British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Zoology 64:1506-1514.
44. Swales, S., and C. D. Levings. 1989. Role of off-channel ponds in the life cycle of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and other juvenile salmonids in the Coldwater River, British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 46:232-242.
45. Washington Forest Practices Board. 2000. Washington forest practices. Washington Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, Washington.
46. WDFW (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife). 1997. Beaver harvest 1963-1995. Data on file at the fur-bearing division of the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. WDFW, Olympia, Washington.
47. Williams, W. R., R. M. Laramie, and J. J. Ames. 1975. A catalog of Washington stream and salmon utilization. Volume 1: Puget Sound. Washington Department of Fisheries, Olympia, Washington.