Temporomandibular disorders: Standard treatment options

General Dentistry

Volumn 52, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 349-355

  Shankland II, Wesley E ^a  

^a TMJ and Facial Pain Center   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMITRIPTYLINE; BOTULINUM TOXIN; CAPSAICIN; CELECOXIB; CHLORZOXAZONE; METAXALONE; NORTRIPTYLINE; ROFECOXIB; VALDECOXIB;

ANAMNESIS; ARTICLE; BURNING SENSATION; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; COUNSELING; DENTAL CARE; DENTISTRY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; ELECTROSTIMULATION THERAPY; HEALTH CARE COST; HUMAN; INFRARED RADIATION; IONTOPHORESIS; LOW LEVEL LASER THERAPY; QUESTIONNAIRE; SIDE EFFECT; TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDER;

DENTAL CARE; HUMANS; PALLIATIVE CARE; TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS;

EID: 4344561394     PISSN: 03636771     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. Bell WE. Orofacial pain. Classification, diagnosis, management, ed. 4. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers;1989:101-103.
2. President's Conference on the Examination, Diagnosis and Management of Temporomandibular Disorders. Chicago: American Dental Association;1982:182.
3. McNeill C, Mohl ND, Rugh JD, Tanaka TT. Temporomandibular disorders: Diagnosis, management, education, and research. J Am Dent Assoc 1990;120:253-255.
4. Talley R, Murphy GJ, Smith SD, Baylin MA, Haden JL. Standards for the history, examination, diagnosis, and treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD): A position paper. American Academy of Head, Neck and Facial Pain. Cranio 1990;8:60-77.
5. McNeill C. Temporomandibular disorders: Guidelines for classification, assessment, and management. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co.;1993:61.
6. Okeson JP, ed. Orofacial pain: Guidelines for assessment, diagnosis, and management. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co.;1996:19.
7. Gremillion HA, Reams MT. Comprehensive orofacial pain analysis: A structured approach to patient history. Gen Dent 1997;45:237-241.
8. Howard WW. Craniomandibular disorders: No one's responsibility? Gen Dent 1987;35: 260.
9. McNeill C, Danzig WM, Farrar WB, Gelb H, Lerman MD, Moffett BC, Pertes R, Solberg WK, Weinberg LA. Position paper of the American Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders. Craniomandibular (TMJ) disorders - The state of the art. J Prosthet Dent 1980;44:434-437.
10. Shankland WE. Craniomandibular pain: Current treatment options. Ohio Dent J 1983;57:53-57.
11. Weinberg LA. The etiology, diagnosis and treatment of TMJ dysfunction-pain syndrome. Part III: Treatment. J Prosthet Dent 1980;43:186-196.
12. Plesh O, Curtis D, Levine J, McCall WD Jr. Amitriptyline treatment of chronic pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders. J Oral Rehabil 2000;27:834-841.
13. Brown RS, Bottomley WK. Utilization and mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants in the treatment of chronic facial pain: A review of the literature. Anesth Prog 1990;37:223-229.
14. Shankland WE 2nd. The effects of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate on osteoarthritis of the TMJ: A preliminary report of 50 patients. Cranio 1998;16:230-235.
15. Leeb BF, Petera P, Neumann K. [Results of a multicenter study of chondroitin sulfate (Condrosulf) use in arthroses of the finger, knee and hip joints]. Wien Med Wochenschr 1996;146:609-614.
16. Gottlieb MS. Conservative management of spinal osteoarthritis with glucosamine sulfate and chiropractic treatment. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1997;20:400-414.
17. Blank LW. Clinical guidelines for managing mandibular dysfunction. Gen Dent 1998; 46:592-597.
18. Travell GJ, Simons DG. Myfascial pain and dysfunction. The trigger point manual. Volume 1: The upper extremities. Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins;1983.
19. Ireland VE. The problem of "the clicking jaw." Proc R Soc Med 1951;44:363-374.
20. Dolwick MF. Diagnosis and etiology. In: Helms CA, Katzberg RW, Dolwick MF, eds. Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint. San Francisco: Radiology Research and Education Foundation;1983: 31-41.
21. Farrar WB, McCarty WL. A clinical outline of temporomandibular joint diagnosis and treatment. Montgomery, AL: Normandie Publications;1983.
22. Gelb H. Clinical management of head, neck, and TMJ pain and dysfunction: A multi-disciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. Philadelphia: WB. Saunders Co.;1977.
23. Weinberg LA. Definitive prosthodontic therapy for TMJ patients. Part II: Posterior and superior condylar displacement. J Prosthet Dent 1983;50:690-699.
24. Winkelstern SS. The anterior stop: A clinical procedure for recording the therapeutic position in repositioning therapy. Cranio 1986;4:263-264.
25. Moloney F, Howard JA. Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint. III. Anterior repositioning splint therapy. Aust Dent J 1986;31:30-39.
26. Stack B. Orthopedic/orthodontic case finishing techniques on TMJ patients. Funct Orthod 1985;2:28-44.
27. Okeson JP. Long-term treatment of disk-interference disorders of the temporomandibular joint with anterior repositioning occlusal splints. J Prosthet Dent 1988; 60:611-616.
28. Manzione JV, Tallents R, Katzberg RW, Oster C, Miller TL. Arthrographically guided splint therapy for recapturing the temporomandibular joint meniscus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1984;57:235-240.
29. Lundh H, Westesson PL, Kopp S, Tillstrom B. Anterior repositioning splint in the treatment of temporomandibular joints with reciprocal clicking: Comparison with a flat occlusal splint and an untreated control group. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1985;60:131-136.
30. Williamson EH, Varela JG. Correction of mandibular asymmetry with the ligated anterior repositioning splint. Cranio 1990;8: 30-34.
31. Simmons HC 3rd, Gibbs SJ. Recapture of temporomandibular joint disks using anterior repositioning appliances: An MRI study. Cranio 1995;13:227-237.
32. Keeling SD, Gibbs C, Hall MB, Lupkiewicz S. Internal derangement of the TMJ: Changes associated with mandibular repositioning and orthodontic therapy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1989;96:363-374.
33. Sato H, Fujii T, Uetani M, Kitamori H. Anterior mandibular repositioning in a patient with temporomandibular disorders: A clinical and tomographic follow-up case report. Cranio 1987;15:84-88.
34. Joondeph DR. Long-term stability of mandibular orthopedic repositioning. Angle Orthod 1999;69:201-209.
35. Davies SJ, Gray RJ. The pattern of splint usage in the management of two common temporomandibular disorders. Part I: The anterior repositioning splint in the treatment of disc displacement with reduction. Br Dent J 1997;183:199-203.
36. Zamburlini I, Austin D. Long-term results of appliance therapies in anterior disk displacement with reduction: A review of the literature. Cranio 1991;9:361-368.
37. Farrar WB. Differentiation of temporomandibular joint dysfunction to simple treatment. J Prosthet Dent 1972;28:629-635.
38. Gage JP. Mechanisms of disc displacement in the temporomandibular joint. Aust Dent J 1989;34:427-436.
39. Gokalp H, Turkkahraman H. Changes in position of the temporomandibular joint disc and condyle after disc repositioning appliance therapy: A functional examination and magnetic resonance imaging study. Angle Orthod 2000;70:400-408.
40. Harinstein D, Buckingham RB, Braun T, Oral K, Bauman DH, Killian PJ, Bidula LP. Systemic joint laxity (the hypermobile joint syndrome) is associated with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Arthritis Rheum 1988;31:1259-1264.
41. Bates RE Jr, Stewart CM, Atkinson WB. The relationship between internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint and systemic joint laxity. J Am Dent Assoc 1984;109:446-447.
42. Perrini F, Tallents RH, Katzberg RW, Ribeiro RF, Kyrkanides S, Moss ME. Generalized joint laxity and temporomandibular disorders. J Orofac Pain 1997;11:215-221.
43. Weinberg L. Technique for temporomandibular joint radiographs. J Prosthet Dent 1972;28:284-308.
44. Knoernschild KL, Aquilino SA, Ruprecht A. Transcranial radiography and linear tomography: A comparison study. J Prosthet Dent 1991;66:239-250.
45. Cole SV. Transcranial radiography: Correction between actual and radiographic joint space. J Craniomand Pract 1984;2:153-158.
46. Summer JD, Westesson PL. Mandibular repositioning can be effective in treatment of reducing TMJ disk displacement. A long-term clinical and MR imaging followup. Cranio 1997;15:107-120.
47. Totsuka Y, Nakumura T, Fukuda H, et al. Treatment of closed lock by mandibular manipulation assisted by hydraulic pressure in the upper cavity of the temporomandibular joint. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1989;1:111-121.
48. Fricton JR, Hathaway KM, Kroening RJ. TMJ and craniofacial pain: Diagnosis and management. Pacific, MO: Medico Dental Media International, Inc.;1988:109.
49. Clark GT. A critical evaluation of orthopedic interocclusal appliance therapy: Design, theory, and overall effectiveness. J Am Dent Assoc 1984;108:359-364.
50. Chung SC, Kim HS. The effect of the stabilization splint on the TMJ closed lock. Cranio 1993;11:95-101.
51. Orenstein ES. Anterior repositioning appliances when used for anterior disk displacement with reduction - A critical review. Cranio 1993;11:141-145.
52. Murakami K, Kaneshita S, Kanoh C, Yamamura I. Ten-year outcome of nonsurgical treatment for the internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint with closed lock. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2002;94:572-575.
53. Mongini F, Ibertis F, Manfredi A. Long-term results in patients with disk displacement without reduction treated conservatively. Cranio 1996;14:301-305.
54. Gaudet EL Jr, Brown DT. Temporomandibular disorder treatment outcomes: First report of a large-scale prospective clinical study. J Craniomand Pract 2000;18:9-22.
55. Dawson PE. Position paper regarding diagnosis, management, and treatment of temporomandibular disorders. J Prosthet Dent 1999;81:174-178.
56. Reynolds JM. Occlusion and mandibular dysfunction. In: Irby WB, Shelton DW. Current advances in oral surgery, ed. 3. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co.;1980:188.
57. Okeson JP. Fundamentals of occlusion and temporomandibular disorders. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co.;1985:354-355.
58. Shankland WE 2nd. Bite plane therapy: Theory and fabrication. Ohio Dent J 1980; 54:40-43.
59. Carraro JJ, Caffesse RG. Effect of occlusal splints on TMJ symptomatology. J Prosthet Dent 1978;40:563-566.
60. Goharian RK, Neff PA. Effect of occlusal retainers on temporomandibular joint and facial pain. J Prosthet Dent 1980;44:206-208.
61. Shankland WE 2nd, Negulesco JA, O'Brian B. The "pre-anterior belly" of the temporalis muscle: A preliminary study of a newly described muscle. Cranio 1996;14:106-112.
62. Lay EM. Cranial field. In: Ward RC, Jerome JA, Jones JM III, Kappler RE, Kelso AF, Kuchera ML, Kuchera WA, Patterson MM, Peterson BA, eds. Foundations for osteopathic medicine. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins;1997:915-918.
63. Lay EM. The osteopathic management of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. In: Gelb, H. Clinical management of head, neck and TMJ pain and dysfunction: A multi-disciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment, ed. 2. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.;1985:500-524.
64. Shankland WE 2nd. Migraine and tension-type headache reduction through pericranial muscular suppression: A preliminary report. Cranio 2001;19:269-278.
65. Shankland WE. Nociceptive trigeminal inhibition - Tension suppression system: A method of preventing migraine and tension headaches. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2002;23:105-113.
66. Lamey PJ, Steele JG, Aitchison T. Migraine: The effect of acrylic appliance design on clinical response. Br Dent J 1996;180:137-140.
67. Grassi C, Filippi GM, Passatore M. Postsynaptic alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors mediating the action of the sympathetic system on muscle spindles, in the rabbit. Pharmacol Res Commun 1986;18:161-170.
68. Steele JG, Lamey PJ, Sharkey SW, Smith GM. Occlusal abnormalities, pericranial muscle and joint tenderness and tooth wear in a group of migraine patients. J Oral Rehabil 1991;18:453-458.
69. Murphy GJ. Electrical physical therapy in treating TMJ patients. J Craniomandibular Pract 1983;1:67-73.
70. Gam AN, Warming S, Larsen LH, Jensen B, Hoydalsmo O, Allon I, Andersen B, Gotzsche NE, Petersen M, Mathiesen B. Treatment of myofascial trigger-points with ultrasound combined with massage and exercise - A randomised controlled trial. Pain 1998;77:73-79.
71. Esenyel M, Caglar N, Aldemir T. Treatment of myofascial pain. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2000;79:48-52.
72. Shin SM, Choi JK. Effect of indomethacin phonophoresis on the relief of temporomandibular joint pain. Cranio 1997;15: 345-348.
73. Lark MR, Gangarosa LP Sr. Iontophoresis: An effective modality for the treatment of inflammatory disorders of the temporomandibular joint and myofascial pain. Cranio 1990;8:108-119.
74. Maegawa Y, Itoh T, Hosokawa T, Yaegashi K, Nishi M. Effects of near-infrared low-level laser irradiation on microcirculation. Lasers Surg Med 2000;27:427-437.
75. Meldrum DG, Stephenson LL, Zamboni WA. Effects of L-NAME and L-arginine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat skeletal muscle. Plast Reconstr Surg 1999;103:935-940.
76. Conti PC. Low level laser therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD): A double-blind pilot study. Cranio 1997;15:144-149.
77. Barnes JF. Electronic acupuncture and cold laser therapy as adjuncts to pain treatment. J Craniomandibular Pract 1984;2:148-152.
78. Kubli S, Waeber B, Dalle-Ave A, Feihl F. Reproducibility of laser Doppler imaging of skin blood flow as a tool to assess endothelial function. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2000;365:640-648.
79. Kvandal P, Stefanovska A, Veber M, Desiree-Kvermmo H, Arvid-Kirkeboen K. Regulation of human cutaneous circulation evaluated by laser Doppler flowmetry, iontophoresis, and spectral analysis: Importance of nitric oxide and prostaglandines. Microvasc Res 2003;65: 160-171.
80. Horwitz LR, Burke TJ, Carnegie D. Augmentation of wound healing using monochromatic infrared energy. Exploration of a new technology for wound management. Adv Wound Care 1999;121:35-40.
81. Winocur E, Gavish A, Halachmi M, Eli I, Gazit E. Topical application of capsaicin for the treatment of localized pain in the temporomandibular joint area. J Orofac Pain 2000;14:31-36.
82. Hersh EV, Pertes RA, Ochs HA. Topical capsaicin - Pharmacological and potential role in the treatment of temporomandibular pain. J Clin Dent 1994;5:54-59.
83. Fitzgerald M. Capsaicin and sensory neurones - A review. Pain 1983;15:109-130.
84. De Andres J, Cerda-Olmedo G, Valia JC, Monsalve V, Lopez-Alarcon, Minguez A. Use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of chronic myofascial pain. Clin J Pain 2003;19:269-275.
85. Lundeen TF, Levitt SR, McKinney MW. Discriminative ability of the TMJ scale: Age and gender differences. J Prosthet Dent 1986;56:84-92.
86. Levitt SR. Predictive value: A model for dentists to evaluate the accuracy of diagnostic tests for temporomandibular disorders as applied to the TMJ scale. J Prosthet Dent 1991;66:385-390.
87. Brown DT, Gaudet EL Jr. Outcome measurement for treated and untreated TMD patients using the TMJ Scale. Cranio 1994; 12:216-222.
88. Brown DT, Gaudet EL Jr. Temporomandibular disorder treatment outcomes: Second report of a large-scale prospective study. Cranio 2002;20:244-253.